Debris recovery occurs throughout the disaster relief process, but may be especially critical during the early phases, as clearing out debris rapidly aids in the recovery process, facilitates new construction, and prevents health hazards. As Singh (2015) points out, when debris is permitted to accumulate unfettered, poisonous substances like asbestos may seep into the environment leading to long-term health issues among the population. Similarly, debris provides a "breeding ground for rodents, insects, and microorganisms," (Singh, 2015, p. 1). However, the debris collection and processing procedure is complicated in disaster areas, especially those that are hard hit like Haiti. Between 20 and 60 million tons of debris accumulated in Haiti during the 2010 earthquake there (Karunasena, Amaratunga & Haigh, 2012). Haiti is far from being a global role model in disaster management. Poverty, poor governance, poor infrastructure, rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and civil strife are a few of the hindrances to debris collection (Karunasena, Amaratunga & Haigh, 2012). Collapsed buildings and their contents form the bulk of post-disaster debris (Singh, 2015). Debris is "unavoidable," in a disaster scenario but should not be taken lightly because of this (Karunasena, Amaratunga & Haigh, 2012). Moreover, debris is generally "mixed," comprised of soil or sediment, building rubble, personal effects of people, vegetation and organic matter, hazardous material, and even human or animal waste, making it fall outside of the province of...
457). Quantities of debris can be huge and overwhelming for disaster relief crews. Before moving debris, it is necessary to ascertain waste disposal resources, including availability of landfill space and special requirements for debris identified as being hazardous (Karunasena, Amaratunga & Haigh, 2012).
A b) Event management People react differently when faced with disaster, some may respond and follow the disaster response plan without a problem, other may forget key instructions and follow their own plans, the most dangerous situations however, are when individuals freeze and fail to act when disaster strikes. Response before, during and after a disaster can be the difference between life and death. (Bridegan et al., 1997) Failure to heed
Toms River Township is a hub of the Jersey Shore. On October 29, 2012, "superstorm" Sandy hit the area, leaving widespread damage to property and infrastructure. A month after the storm hit, most of Toms River homes are uninhabitable and businesses are far from returning to their "usual" operations. The mayor has been working closely with the state of New Jersey and federal agencies like FEMA, but requires the assistance
Louis Bay and Biloxi with approximately 12,500 homes sustaining extensive or catastrophic damage. (Moody, 2004) Homes in the New Orleans area were instantly washed away as the dikes in town broke explosively when the storm hit. Those most affected as in South Africa were those living in poverty in very poorly constructed homes. III. FINDINGS of RISK ASSESSMENT This brief yet critical assessment conducted in a comparative of South Africa and
Toms River Township is a hub of the Jersey Shore. On October 29, 2012, "superstorm" Sandy hit the area, leaving widespread damage to property and infrastructure. A month after the storm hit, most of Toms River homes are uninhabitable and businesses are far from returning to their "usual" operations. The mayor has been working closely with the state of New Jersey and federal agencies like FEMA, but requires the assistance
Function #1: Mitigation At this stage, gradual and long-term steps are taken to ensure that disasters do not occur, or that, when they do, they cause minimal damage. Actions at this stage include the identification of hazards, the research of the causes which generate the disaster, the creation of means in which to modify the causes of the disasters, the development of means which reduce the community's vulnerability to the disaster,
Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Sandy Tropical cyclones can badly destroy settlements and structures along the coast. Recent destructive tropical cyclones such as the 2005 Katrina and the Sandy which happened in 2012 affirm that the destruction caused by a land-falling tropical cyclone is not merely dependent on its categorization on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale. The hurricane Sandy of 2012 caused a lot of destruction. Only the hurricane Katrina which happened in
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