It is also at this point that other organs begin to play a major role in the digestive process. The pancreas, located adjacent to the small intestine, secretes several enzymes that variously break down carbohydrates much further than they were broken down in the mouth or the proteins that began to met their demise in the stomach (NDDIC 2008). The liver produces a bile that breaks down fats and makes the constituent parts into small enough droplets that they can be suspended in water and utilized in chemical processes in the body (NGS 2010). All of this digestion takes place in the duodenum.
The small intestine continues, however, and throughout the entire small intestine are countless villi, or little finger-like hills that greatly increase the inner surface area of the smooth-muscled tube that is the small intestine (Discovery 2000). It is through the cells of these villi that the nutrients, once broken down into smaller parts by the digestive processes and enzymes, are passed through to the rst of the body (Discovery 2000). Specifically, active chemical transport is used to carry carbohydrate and protein-based nutrients through the cell walls of the intestinal villi and lining, where they are eventually passed into the bloodstream (Enchanted Learning 2010). Similar processes take place with the components of fatty nutrients, but it is the lymph system that transports these molecules (Enchanted Learning 2010).
After passing through the entirety of the small intestine, the leftover material passes into the large intestine or colon. It is here that a great deal of the water used to lubricate the digestive process -- generally in the form of mucous and other substances that have a high water content -- is reabsorbed into the body, along with certain other mineral nutrients that might not have been absorbed through the small intestine (NGS 2010). There...
Physiology Body Systems Involved in Eating a Snack The first thing I do when eating a snack is to prepare it. In this case, I reach into the cabinet above me and grab a bag of potato chips. I read the label and make sure they are plain chips, because I do not like flavored chips. When I am satisfied they are the type of chip I like, I break open the
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There can also be changes to the ways in which the body defends itself against these acidic secretions; increased acid exposure can seriously damage or even destroy portions which are given undo exposure. For example, in some patients, the stomach is unable to defend itself from the caustic nature of the acid, which creates lesions in the lining, called gastric ulcers. How Age Might Impact the Pathophysiology of GERD, PUD,
After three weeks, crying was decreased in both groups, but the Lactobacillus reuteri infants demonstrated the greater reduction, from a mean of 370 minutes of crying per day at the beginning of the study to 35 minutes at the end. The placebo group's mean crying time went down from a mean of 300 minutes per day to 90 minutes per day. Stool examination also demonstrated a considerable decrease in
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