Though the sema is performed for an audience, the main goal is not to entertain, but instead for the individual dancer to recognize his or her submission to God, to ultimately enter into a state of nirvana and to join together with the forces of nature and connect with God, and then to finally descend back to earth to the humble task of being a servant. It isn't about

Western Religion In his book, "Western Ways of Being Religious," (Kessler, 1999) the author Gary E. Kessler identifies the theological, philosophical and societal ramifications of the evolution of religion in the West. Christianity, Judaism and Islam can be traced to a single origin but their divergence has been very marked. Kessler sets his thesis very early in the book. He avers that there are two approaches to religion. One is to

For instance, saints serve as intermediaries between the individual practitioner and God and can carry prayers to God. The saint is not endowed with any divine features, for such a view would most certainly conflict with the central tenet of Islam that only God is transcendent and that human beings cannot be endowed with divine qualities. Yet on a social level, the saint serves as a reminder of the

Muhammad Ali in Egypt and the Influence of Napoleon Services and Mission of Muhammad Ali Pasha Reforms under the Regime of Muhammad Ali Pasha Societal Reforms Education Reforms Westernization Economic Reforms Agricultural Reforms Political Reforms Political Reforms Economic Strengthening Activities to Make Egypt Self Sufficient Muhammad Ali the Father of Modern Egypt AFU Armed Forces Union CGS Chief of the General Staff CUP the Committee of Union and Progress Dev-Sol Revolutionary Left Dev-Yol Revolutionary Way D-SK Confederation of Unions of Revolutionary Workers DP Democrat Party EEC or EC European

Origination and Growth of Sufism The word Sufism came in use in the second century of Hijrah. Historians have intensely contested the etymology and source of the word Sufi. Numerous people say that this word is used from Suffah. Some Sahabah used to spend their time in Prophet's mosque devout to learning in regard to their religion and to prayers. Consequently, they claim that later people who succeed the People of the

" But Pamuk's techniques force the reader to come to the conclusion that an artistic identity must fuse both past and present, have some flexibility and personal style, yet innovate with the demands of modernity terms of the way tradition is presented. This is the implied counsel of Pamuk's story. Learn from the past, as he urges readers to do by writing a historical narrative. However, do not slavishly follow