An individual with the profile of Ted Bundy may be more likely to watch pornography and slasher films, but the films do not cause the criminal behavior. They might shape some of the more lurid details of the crime, such as the ritualistic aspects of his behavior, but eliminating pornography will not eliminate rapes and murders. Laboratory research indicates a slight tendency that pornography can "predispose some males to desire rape or intensify this desire and undermine some males' internal and social inhibitions against acting out rape desires" although it is very difficult to measures such affects in artificial laboratory settings (Jensen 2004, p.4).
Eliminating all restrictions on pornography would not just be controversial, but also problematic, given that some legal oversight of the industry is necessary to prevent the exploitation of children in child pornography. Additionally, pornography is not allowed near schools, to limit children's exposure. However, other than limiting the venue, because of the Internet, the public has unfettered access to pornography as never before, at younger and younger ages. It clearly has a shaping role in how we view the body and sexuality in general, even if may not be the primary cause of violence against women. Pornography and other violent media like slasher films (especially highly sexualized slasher films) can reinforce if not cause a male-dominant view of sexuality; be used to intimidate violent male's victims and break down their resistance to unwanted sexual activity by normalizing violent sexuality, and "provide a training manual for abusers" (Jensen 2004, p.4).
Question 3: Examine and explain Sutherlands and Cressey's theory of differential association. Think of situations in which you or those you know have been influenced but other people to break the law. This could involve learning to copy computer software or use illegal drugs. Can differential association explain these actions?
Sutherlands and Cressey's theory of differential association postulates that criminal behavior is learned behavior and is rooted in the perception that 'everyone is doing it so it must be okay' (Hamlin 2006). Teen drinking is a good...
Criminological Theories Application A number of researches have been done on criminological theories. An example of criminological theory that has received a lot of attention over a couple of years ago is social disorganization theory. This theory attributes variation in crime and delinquency to absence or breakdown of communal institutions like family, school, church, and local government. The theory also attributes crime to communal relationships that traditionally encourage cooperative relationships among
A third would prove less immediately apparent. One respondent remembered with mild embarrassment a time when he was caught shoplifting a candy bar. He was 7 years old and was in a convenience mart with his mother. He asked her if she would buy him a Snickers Bar and she refused. She told him she didn't have the money for it right then. Therefore, when she turned her back, he
Criminological Theories and Their Application Character History Nikita Voronov was born in Omsk, Russia in 1977 to a 17-year-old mother named Natasha Voronov. She had gotten pregnant with him after dating a man for one month, another Russian male who was working in the mining area at the time. Once Natasha became pregnant she never saw the father of her child again who fled the town. Desiring a better life for her
Since, by definition, delinquency areas are characterized by a concentration of delinquents and criminals in a small geographical area, the chances would be slim of a child growing up in such a setting and not coming into contact with values and behavior that supported criminality (Shoemaker 2009). The responsibility of a vice principal is not simply to punish bad behavior, but it is also to try to understand the reasoning for
9). The researcher go on to note that criminological research is distinctive in that it combines sociology and psychology in interesting ways to explore abnormal behaviors or those that deviate from the expected norm. It is vital in crime to measure it accurately, so this suggests a review of statistics should show whether young children coming from oppressive homes or those lacking direction are more likely to turn to
Social Control Theory of Juvenile Delinquency Underlying Assumptions Travis Hirschi's Social Control theory of deviance assumes that deviant behavior is largely a function of the connectedness of the individual to his or her society; more specifically, Hirschi's assumptions are that juvenile delinquency, and criminal deviance more generally, are inversely related to the following elements of connectedness between the individual and the community: involvement, commitment, attachment, and belief (Akers & Sellers, 2004; Huebner
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