4. Explain each of Samuel Huntington's 8 cultural paradigms. What does this model for culture and civilization around the world have to do with terrorism? What are the implications for law enforcement if terrorism has deeper roots -- namely, rooted in a clash of civilizations? Also, what are the implications for American foreign policy in terms of our efforts to thwart terrorism?
First, the post-Cold War reorganization of nations causes conflicts between and among the resulting civilizations left after national fracturing. Second, the continued promotion by the West of quasi-Western values and political philosophy on the rest of the world antagonizes non-Western civilizations. Third, the deterioration of economic, military, and political power of the West facilitates increased resistance of other nations, such as in the Far and Middle Eastern societies (i.e. China and Islamic countries) to follow the international order established by the West in previous eras and to combine their interests against the West. Fourth, the massive Islamic population explosion dramatically increases the potential for instability and fundamentalist radicalization of a younger population. Fifth, the so-called "bloody borders" of Islam that are a function the population growth and the volatile proximity of conflicting societies in the Middle and far East. Sixth, the potential collaboration of China and radical Islam, by virtue of the doctrine that "the enemy of my enemy is my friend" because both societies are equally threatened by the global exertion of Western authority and values. Seventh, the mixed interests of so-called "swing civilizations" such as Russia, Japan, and India who may side with anti-Western societies for their own best interests relative to those nations in close proximity to them who are in direct conflict with the West. Eighth, the widespread potential collaboration of the entire global Islamic community whose total population dwarfs those of the West and whose values are threatened by Western global domination.
The obvious implications for Western law enforcement and American foreign policy in connection with counterterrorism is that the approach emphasizing rational discourse and mutual consideration promoted by President Obama is much more conducive to reducing the threat than the approach relied upon by the Bush administration that only succeeded in antagonizing the worldwide community and further isolating the U.S. from those nations and regions whose interests...
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