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Costa Rica Sustainability Annotated Bibliography

¶ … self-Sustainability been in Costa Rica when it comes to the environment and creating jobs. Annotated Bibliography

Arriagada, R., Ferraro, P., Sills, E., Pattanayak, S., & Cordero-Sancho, S. (2012). Do Payments for Environmental Services Affect Forest Cover? A Farm-Level Evaluation from Costa Rica. Land Economics, 88(2), 382-399.

This article discusses PES or payments for environmental services. PES in the study shows an increase in forest cover from farmers who would ordinarily reduce forest cover to raise crops. The PES program incorporated with Costa Rican farmers has been the longest running program showing excellent recovery of the natural environment.

Blackman, A., & Naranjo, M. (2012). Does Eco-Certification have Environmental Benefits? Organic Coffee in Costa Rica. SSRN Journal, 83, 58-66. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1713888

Eco-certification improves the environmental performance of farmers and is gaining popularity in recent times for coffee crops. The article suggests it could lend to farmers conserving the environment more in order to become and maintain eco-certification. Along with this, it enables farmers to use farming practices that reduce chemical use.

Bollman, M., & Hardy, S. (2012). Evaluating Institutional Performance: Payments for Environmental Services in Costa Rica. Latin American Policy, 3(2), 195-207. doi:10.1111/j.2041-7373.2012.00070.x

This article also discusses PES. First, three kinds of transaction expenses (strategic,...

The authors evaluated the program in accordance with six benchmarks: economic competence, fiscal uniformity, redistributional equity, responsibility, sustainability, and conformance to local values.
Burrell, J., & Moodie, E. (2013). Central America in the new millenium [sic]. New York: Berghahn Books.

In chapter 12 on page 212, "Certifying sustainable tourism in Costa Rica," writer Luis Vanco discusses the recent developments in Costa Rica. The writer examines sustainable tourism in Costa Rica from the perspective of utilizing the environment. There are a wealth of tourist-friendly destinations attractive because of the condition of the environment.

Chawla, R. (2006). Eco tourism and development. New Delhi: Sumit Enterprises.

Eco tourism is a great option for countries that have naturally beautiful and diverse environments. It promotes sustainable practices. It allows indigenous people to learn conservation skills that also promote money and job creation.

Coria, J., & Calfucura, E. (2012). Ecotourism and the development of indigenous communities: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Ecological Economics, 73, 47-55. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.024

Some programs do not allot benefits to the indigenous communities that participate in these environmental programs. Failure to do so may result from supervision of program…

Sources used in this document:
The authors examined the Osa and Golfito region in relation to resource perceptions of community leaders. They discovered natural resources to be the #1 perceived community strength. Along with this is the perceived civic participation that could play a key role in producing sustainability in terms of tourism and environmental conservation.

Ra-thzel, N., & Uzzell, D. (2013). Trade unions in the green economy. New York, NY: Routledge.

In chapter 10, "Climate change, trade unions and rural workers in labor-environmental alliances in the Amazon Rainforest" by Joao Paulo, Candia Veiga, and Scott B. Martin, they discuss on-site assessment of a five-year long project in the Arapiuns River in the westeer Para region. They discusses Finnish involvement and the reason for the project. The project serves to reduce deforestations as well as strengthen local communities.
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