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Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Cosmic Term Paper

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8. Over several years, several types of remarks corroborating the attributes of the cosmic microwave background radiations -- CMBR have been made. Most of them have been seen as direct observations, applying the same approach as that of the Penzias and Wilson. There exists in reality several observations advocated even earlier to that of the observations of Penzias and Wilson, however, the prominence of those were not acknowledged. 8. The researchers of several universities like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Pittsburgh, New York University, and the Cambridge University, University of Portsmouth in UK found out undulation in the galaxy distribution formed by sound waves produced immediately after the Big Bang. Such sound waves have left behind their signs in the Cosmic Microwave Background, considered as the remains of the radiation from the Big Bang witnessed at the time when the universe was the age of 400,000 years. 4. The telescope of Boomerang quantifies the fine structure of the Cosmic Microwave Background, the radiations released 300,000 years following the Big Bang, and wherein atoms were initially formed as well as the universe became clear. 5.

Soon after the observations of Penzias-Wilson, at Princeton Roll and Wilkinson found their radiometer functional and corroborated a 3 Kelvin background at another wavelength of about 3.2 centimeters. It was considered to be the foremost among the several of the confirmations with regard to the prevalence and temperature of this radiation. The NASA satellite known as COBE entailed astonishing figures corroborating that the microwave background radiation reveals a nice Plank spectrum which had a temperature of 2.725 ± 0.04 kelvin and that this radiation is being un-polarized as well as isotropic to be superior when compared to one part in 100,000, as visualized in a latest representation of the outcome shortly prior to the time when the COBE instrument was turned off after a period of 4 years. 8. Further...

3.
Three astrophysicists in 2000 revealed in the magazine 'Science' regarding the 'big bang' theory which related to the universe's creation. They examined the signs of the supposed 'acoustic oscillations' on the issue of diffusion of matter which is presently existing in the universe and visualized that it was actually in accordance with the diffusion of the cosmic microwave background radiation which originated from the early universe. Such work not only entailed great support for the concept of big bang but also entailed an awareness of the physics relating to the early universe which promoted the forecast relating to the distribution of matter from that of the microwave background radiation onward and backward at the right time. 1. All the thrill regarding the CMB is as a result of its quantification. Presently, the technology is sufficiently possible to view anisotropies and observational groups are speeding up its effort to bring about correct measurements of the anisotropies with regard to angular scales which range between about 0°.1 and 1°. Such efforts continue.

References

Alpher, Ralph a. Herman, Robert. (2001) "Genesis of the Big Bang" Oxford University Press.

New York.

Barrow, John D; Coles, Peter. (2001) "Companion to the New Cosmology"

Routledge. London.

Gilchrist, Matthew (2005, June) "Astronomers Find Gravity's Signature. USA Today, vol. 133, no. 2721. p: 7.

Hurley, Janet. (1996, June) "High-Energy Cosmic Rays Raise Questions" USA Today. Vol. 124, no. 2613, pp: 13-14.

Impey, Chris. (1999, September) "Our Quest of the Cosmos" World and I, vol. 14, no. 9, pp:

Love, Jamie. (2003, February) "Coloring the Cosmos" World and I, vol. 18, no. 2.

A pp: 140-144.

Roberts, Carol a (2001, March) "Research in a Deep…

Sources used in this document:
References

Alpher, Ralph a. Herman, Robert. (2001) "Genesis of the Big Bang" Oxford University Press.

New York.

Barrow, John D; Coles, Peter. (2001) "Companion to the New Cosmology"

Routledge. London.
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