Ustase and the Roman Catholic Church
After the end of World War I, Croatia and Slovenia, both Roman Catholic states, united with the Eastern Orthodox state, Serbia. Together the three states formed Yugoslavia. It was however not a peaceful union, and almost immediately after the formation of Yugoslavia, the Croats founded the Ustase. This name derives from the noun "ustas," meaning "insurgent." Originally this title was used for Serb Orthodox insurgents in the 1975 Hercegovinian rebellion. The fascist connotation of the term thus only emerged later, when Croatian Roman Catholics adopted the name. The Ustase as formed after World War I was a terrorist network aimed mostly against the Serbs, formed in response to the banning of all national parties during January 1929. The head of this organization was Ante Pavilec, who founded the party together with Gustav Percec, and it was financed by Mussolini. Pavilec assassinated King Alexander I of Yugoslavia during his visit to France in 1934. Pavelic was convicted by both France and Yugoslavia for the murder, but received Mussolini's protection after escaping to Italy.
Ustase, Nazism and the role of the Roman Catholic Church
Yugoslavia was invaded by Hitler's forces during 1941. With Pavelic joining the Nazi army, he was made the head, or the pglavnik, of the "Independent State of Croatia." With the help of foreign armies, the Ustase infiltrated from Italy on 14 April 1941. The success of the "Independent State" ideal was a capitalization of the Croatian desire for independence since as early as 1102. The royal dictatorship within united Yugoslavia threatened this independence; hence the extreme hostility of the Ustase. The Ustase's political war overflowed into all areas of life, including religion. Many atrocities were committed in the name of Roman Catholicism, and in the name of God.
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