Commercial Use of Michigan Groundwater
Appropriately named the "Great Lakes State," Michigan is the only state whose borders lie completely within the world's largest system of fresh surface water, the Great Lakes basin, which constitutes 18% of the world's water supply.(4)
Traditionally, Michigan has relied primarily on "riparian" rights analyses derived from English common law to regulate the commercial use of its largest natural resource. Since riparian concepts focus primarily on the relative rights of competing users of surface waters, there has, until very recently, been comparatively little regulation of the underground springs or aquifer system which feeds the surface water system, or of the rights of the state to control removal of water resources for use or sale elsewhere.
On November 25, 2003, Mecosta County Circuit Court Judge Lawrence Root issued a lengthy opinion that finally addressed the problem and defined many of the issues under the laws of Michigan. The dispute arose in 2001, after Nestle, the world's largest food company, obtained drilling rights from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) on behalf of Perrier Group of America, one of its subsidiary companies, to remove 210 million gallons of fresh groundwater per...
Sinkholes a) Describe the conditions that lead to sinkhole formation. According to the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, a sinkhole, or doline, can be formed in a number of different ways. Erosion is a common cause of sinkhole formation. Erosion issues such as debris shrinking, migration of debris into openings in bedrock, and even the upward movement of debris can be conditions leading to sinkhole formation (Foose). Sinkholes tend to occur in
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The Leblanc alkali production processes were especially pernicious, but they followed along the lines of previous industrial processes. In other words, the first British environmental legislation was a response not so much to a qualitative change in industrial processes and their environmental impact but more to a quantitative increase in sources of pollution that had up to that point been (if only barely) tolerable. Legislation Arising From Public Anger At the
In contrast, hot water systems are basically used to warm the water through various heating elements before the warm water enters a home. The advantages of using the city water system is that these systems can serve an entire community more efficiently and their ability to produce water of premium quality. However, the city water systems have several disadvantages such as the possibility of the additives used to affect the
Water Standards Issues in Urban Planning The objective of this work in writing is to develop and articulate persuasive research-oriented arguments related to planning practice. This work will define the problem, present theories and cases, summarize, and highlight the salient points from those theories and cases that are found to formulate a plausible solution to the problem. The planning process for urban runoff urban water standards must be based on regulations that
Commercials Smehra Print Commercials In a print AD found in National Geographic's May 2003 issue, Canon's print AD involves a photograph of a 'blunt-nosed leopard lizard'. National Geographic is known, among many things, for its photography, and Canon use this image to capture a spirit of National Geographic in their commercial. The AD contains an interior shot of a map location of where the lizard is located in the world, as well
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