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Discuss the implications of Whren et al. v. United States (1996) and why many argue that this case has simply allowed for racial profiling to occur under the guise of pre-textual stops. Do you find any issues with pre-textual stops?
The pre-text stops are the stops from police officers in order to investigate the individuals that violated the traffic rules. These violations are minor and the police may stop in order to check the driver and passengers for any illegal possessions including drugs and weapons. These pre-text stops are often criticized because people feel that their freedom is attacked by stopping them without any 'reasonable' violations. Such a case occurred when two persons were stopped by police officers simply for stopping at road side for few seconds. The individuals also sped the vehicle that created suspicion in the minds of officers and led to the pre-text stop. Many claim that the pre-text stops can result into racial profiling. The police officers may stop minor ethnic groups and can charge them with crimes that were not the probable cause of the stop. The minor violations of traffic rules are often un-provable. Thus the ethnic groups claim that even a slight mistake from them can entail a pre-text stop. Dillon (1997) says that police can trouble the citizens in the name of checking so that they can verify their hunch. The traffic stop does not only affect the individuals but also the others on road.
As far as my point-of-view is concerned, I do not find any problem with the pre-text stops. This could be a problem in a secure world but given the unsafe environment and security concerns, the pre-text stops are far better than suffering...
Healthcare We can compare the healthcare workplace to what is seen by a person when he/she looks through a kaleidoscope: since there are numerous different patterns that appear as the moments pass by. The shortage of nurses which has been publicized widely and the high turnover rates amongst the nurses are some of the unwanted patterns which have occurred. The dependence of healthcare institutions on the nurse-managers for the retention and
This is done by emphasizing organizations and systems as a whole rather than focusing on individual;s only. CQI is a management philosophy that cost containment on the once hand and customer service on the other hand to deliver service withing budget. CQI applies a the scientific method applied to everyday tasks to meet the above criteria ("Continuous quality improvement," 2011) . Discuss the legal and ethical implication of end of
Healthcare has gained exceeded attention in the past few years since all over the world, diseases and their intensity have been witnessed with an increase in population. Hygiene and sanitation have been associated with an increase in illness, thus contributing to the amplified need for better healthcare quality services worldwide. This paper aims to analyze changes in healthcare with the passage of time and its future. Healthcare Healthcare has become one of
Evolving Practice of Nurses Dear Fellow Nurses, The nursing profession is currently experiencing revolutionary changes that are expected to transform nursing practice today and in the future. These revolutionary changes in nursing profession and practice are largely influenced by the fact the changing role of nurses in the modern healthcare environment. The nursing role in the modern health care sector is changing because patient care delivery or caring for the sick is
Policy Changes in Healthcare Finance Healthcare Finance CPT Codes The American Medical Association (2013) developed the Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes decades ago in the 1960s. The first edition was published in 1966 and over the subsequent years several updated versions were created. The reasons for developing the CPT code system was to make communications about medical procedures easier between health care providers, help patients and their doctors submit claims for services
097 United States 0.109 0.093808 0.036112 0.068 Utah 0.1071 0.1401 0.035696 0.073 Vermont 0.1326 0.0988 0.040851 0.114 Virgin Islands NA NA NA Virginia 0.1048 0.0829 0.080009 0.092 Washington 0.1229 0.0669 0.027831 0.068 West Virginia 0.1293 0.0774 0.036499 0.055 Wisconsin 0.0954 0.0357 0.032367 0.097 Wyoming 0.1251 0.1453 0.053867 0.075 Notes All spending includes state and federal expenditures. Growth figures reflect increases in benefit payments and disproportionate share hospital payments; growth figures do not include administrative costs, accounting adjustments, or costs for the U.S. Territories. Definitions Federal Fiscal Year: Unless otherwise noted, years preceded by "FY" on statehealthfacts.org refer to the Federal Fiscal Year, which runs from October 1 through September 30. for example, FY 2009 refers to the period
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