Cartilage Repairing Techniques Both cartilage and bone are critical components of the human skeleton although cartilage is more flexible and resistant to breakage than bone. Both bone and cartilage are capable of growth and remodeling as they are living tissues but cartilage has generally proven to be more challenging to repair than bone until recently. One of the most common methods of cartilage repair is shaving or debridement in which the surgeon uses an arthroscope inserted into the knee through a small incision to shaves and smooth cartilage that has shredded or frayed due to damage and wear. However, shaving is often not a permanent solution as it does not fix underlying problems such as gait...
In these cases, the use of microfracture or abrasion is preferred. In this more intensive treatment, "surgeons use arthroscopic tools to scrape the damaged area and create bleeding of the bone. Small holes are then picked into the defect, allowing blood vessels and bone marrow cells to come in contact with the injury. Bone marrow fills the defect, which eventually matures into scar cartilage" ("Techniques for repairing knee cartilage," 2007). Effectively, damage is generated to encourage the cartilage to self-heal. The…Forensic Anatomy As part of starting a class in forensic anatomy, the instructor has provided two sets of bones of human adults with an assignment of determining which sets of bones is a male and which is a female. This task will require the use of different characteristics to distinguish between the two sets of bones since males' and females' bones develop at different rates. While every human being is born
Biological structures like bones, tendons, and ligaments have mechanical properties that allow the body to move. Furthermore, bones, tendons, and ligaments are structurally, mechanically, and functionally related. Bone is connected to other bone with ligament. Tendons connect muscles to the bone, enabling movement. Both ligament and tendons are comprised primarily of collagen. However, both ligament and tendon have a unique hierarchical structure, in which the outer casing contains successive layers
Under the terms of Canada's proposed Assisted Human Reproduction Act outlined in September 22, 2003 issue of Health Law Review, it is not ethically acceptable to create human embryos specifically for research purposes, although "in cases where human embryos are created for reproductive purposes, and subsequently are no longer required for such purposes research involving human embryos may be considered to be ethically acceptable" if they meet certain criteria outlined
G Protein-Linked Receptors An organism must respond appropriately to its internal and external environments day after day in order to survive. The organism's cells respond to internal and external stimuli much like tiny computers that process numerous inputs and also produce numerous outputs in daily existence (Kennedy 2004). These stimuli are signals that come from the general environment or the cells of other or co-existing organisms, proximate or distant, and this
Miniature Antennas for Biomedical Applications Most of the studies on microwave antennas for medical applications have concentrated on generating hyperthermia for medical treatments and monitoring several physiological parameters. The types of antenna implanted depend of the location. Besides the medical therapy and diagnosis the telecommunications are considered as significant functions for implantable medical devices those needs to transmit diagnosis information. The design of the antennas catering to MEMS and NANO
E. hypertrophy). In the elderly, this process is reverse. Hence, the functional reserve capacities of the skeletal muscles decline with age, largely due to diminished levels of physical activity. As a result daily tasks once taken for granted become progressively more difficult, and eventually impossible, to perform. In illustration, a great deal of muscle force is required to simply stand up or to climb stairs. Therefore, skeletal system is relying
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