For many, this is program of last resort. The author explains that To be admitted, clients must also have a substance abuse problem and a history of unsuccessful completion of other programs (Program Procedures Manual 1993). Therefore, all of the program's clients have received services in various inpatient and outpatient mental health units and clinics in the past, where the primary focus was on their psychiatric disorders. Only 17% have received services in substance abuse programs for the general population, and only 3% have been in other MICA programs (Freeman 2001). Another community-based program is designed specifically for the treatment of young adults at an outpatient facility. In their study Easton et al., (2003) describes a large community based out patient facility in New Haven, Connecticut (the name of the facility is not given). The study evaluated 434 participants who were divided into two groups; young adults (18-25) and older adults (26-45) (Easton et al., 2003). A study of this particular community-based program revealed that the substance abuse patterns were significantly different as were the demographics of the abusers (Easton et al., 2003). For instance those in the Young Adult age group were more likely to be African-American, while those in the older age group were more likely to be Caucasian. As it relates to treatment the study revealed that the standard 12 step treatments that this facility and many others rely upon is not as effective with the younger age group. However, the study did reveal that incorporating motivational approaches including motivational enhancement therapy (MET) may be more appropriate in increasing adherence to treatment...
There are also many government grants available to start or fund such programs (Targeted Capacity Expansion Initiatives, 2002).
("White House Drug Policy: Funding." (2006) Office of National Drug Control Policy) The lack of medical resources, however, currently available through most CAPs may make it difficult for CAPs to provide meaningful medical aid to addicted individuals. Most of the aid is likely to be directed towards hosting counseling and support groups. However, unlike federal drug efforts, CAPs, by allying themselves with faith-based community partnerships can provide psychological support
In an argument against this decentralization it is argued that "diminishing their importance would erode the privatized feel that now dominates the exercise of city power in America and, thereby, affect the life of every metropolitan resident." (Frug, 1999) it is argued that the community policing will create 'city power' which will be the forerunner of the decentralization of power to American cities. This would in the long run
According to Rohe and his colleagues, though, "Over time, however, there has been a tendency for departments to expand their programs to involve a larger number of officers and to cover wider geographic areas. Besides these special units, a number of police departments also expect all of their officers to embrace the principles of community policing and to undertake at least some community problem-solving activities" (Rohe et al., 1996,
Community Policing Efficacy The Violent Crime Control & Law Enforcement Act of 1994 heralded the beginning of a massive effort to reform policing strategies in the United States, in part through implementation of community-policing programs at the local level. Congress has allocated billions of federal dollars over the years since to support such efforts and by the end of the 20th century, close to 90% of all police departments serving communities
Zigler, and Muenchow 4) The part of the program that most stuck with Shriver was the fact that the program proved that it could actually increase the IQs of mentally handicapped children, significantly with the proper implementation of programs, a concept that was not accepted in academics at this time. (Zigler, and Muenchow 11) The program used the same materials as a traditional nursery school, but in a manner designed to stimulate
New Deal, Great Depression, and World War II's Impact The New Deal, the Great Depression, and World War II had an immense impact on American history and African-Americans and women in particular. The New Deal was the largest, most concerted, most blatant spending venture by the federal government to date. It was unprecedented both in its scope and in its effect on working-class Americans. Some of the revolutionary acts of the
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