2 years, with 19.9 years for men and 20.4 years for women
The birth rate is of 29.85 births per 1000 individuals
The death rate is of 9.55 deaths in 1000 individuals
The infant mortality rate is of 53.56 deaths in 1000 live births
The life expectancy at birth is of 59.12 years, with 58.31 in men and 59.95 in women. This affects Giam's in the meaning that they will have to hire young workers. Furthermore, several personnel features might change simply due to the fact that the life expectancy in Ghana is more than five years shorter than the retirement age in the United States.
The high mortalities among both adults and infants, as well as the short life expectancy at birth are generally due to numerous infectious diseases, improperly treated. Among these, the most relevant one is HIV, or the virus responsible for AIDS. In 2003, 350,000 people in Ghana tested positive for HIV and 30,000 died during that year. Other infectious diseases common in Ghana include bacterial or protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis a, typhoid fever, malaria, yellow fever, schistosomiasis and meningococcal meningitis. The risk of contracting an infection while in Ghana is highly increased. (CIA, 2007)
The numerous diseases in Ghana, combined with the high levels of contagion pose major threats upon the proper conducting of business by Giam's Clothing. Company officials that must move to Ghana in order to coordinate the activities within the new subsidy must be well tested and treated before entering the country. They must be given numerous vaccines, but even these vaccines do not protect them entirely from the risks of contracting a disease.
Furthermore, aside the risks posed on the company members, a more sever question arises. Given the fact that the manufactured products are designed to be sold onto the United States market, is it possible that the cloths carry diseases with them? The company must clearly answer this question, based on informed opinions from specialists. But even if the answer is a definite no, the American population might still feel reticent to purchasing clothing made in a country with such high risks of infections. The American customers could be convinced by the 18 years of experience in the area of clothing and could consider Giam's reputation as a promise of safety and protection of health.
3.2 Socio-cultural background
Ghana has an impressive history and the contemporaneous features represent a mixture of all significant times in the development of the region. Ghana was the first African country to become independent. "Ghanaians are comprised of different ethnic elements, diverse in their personality, cultural and historic backgrounds, welded effectively into a unitary state. The reason for this diversity is most likely due to the migration of ethic groups from other places to settle on the land." (eBizguides, 2004) This has limited effects upon the American company and it basically points out that the company officials in charge with the hiring process will have to choose from a wide variety of individuals. However, the hiring process must be fair and unbiased by any cultural preference; no sign of discrimination must be allowed.
In addition, once Giam's Clothing commences their activity in the African country, they must promote fair treatment of all employees and must embrace and value their diversity. This should not be a problem for Giam's, moreover when they are committed to satisfying the needs of their employees and have proven this along their 18 years of existence in the United States.
Another social aspect of Ghana's population with effects upon Giam's Clothing is represented by the social structures. In this order of ideas, until recently, most of Ghana inhabitants were living in rural areas. However today, with the industrial advancements in the country, the urban communities are beginning to develop. "The essential characteristic of the Ghanaian social system is its dual but interrelated nature. Even though the majority of the population still lives almost entirely in rural areas and observes ancestral customs and practices, the process of modernization associated with urban...
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