Public school administrators may in some cases deny recognition to student organizations, such as if the organization would actually and not theoretically cause disruption or if the organization would have been deemed illegal in any other way (Kaplan & Lee 515).
g. hate speech codes
No case involving hate speech specifically on school campuses has reached the Supreme Court (Kaplan & Lee 2007 p. 493). However, case law informs how hate speech is dealt with on campus to provide the balance between freedom of speech protection and the protection against violence or discrimination on campus. Hate speech has been defined by its being inherently humiliating and derogatory and not communicative or educational in any way (Kaplan & Lee 493). Vagueness and broadness of campus free expression rules have been deemed problematic, and campuses generally must define the parameters of hate speech. Certain "nonspeech" expressions such as overt intimidation or true threats can also be restricted on campuses (Kaplan & Lee 2007, p. 502).
h. gay rights
Gay rights are implicitly protected by the First Amendment and therefore on all public institution campuses in the following ways. First, student organizations dedicated to gay rights must be officially recognized and entitled to freedom of speech and expression. Second, gay rights are ensured by the freedom of speech and press clauses in the First Amendment, guaranteeing for instance a column on gay student...
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