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Best And Worst In Post-1877 US History Essay

U.S. History 1877-Present America has changed so vastly since the U.S. Civil War that it is hard to single out three events that have had the most beneficial impact from the later nineteenth century to the present day. However, in terms of selecting events that have had the greatest impact on the daily lives of Americans in this time period even to the present day it is possible to nominate some specific events. The ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920, the introduction of the New Deal under President Franklin Roosevelt, the passage of the Civil Rights Act during the Presidency of Lyndon Johnson are all events which continue to have a positive impact felt by all Americans.

The Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is what permits women to vote. The fact that it was only passed in 1920 is something of a scandal -- it does not often occur to Americans in 2014 that a century ago women were still not part of the political process. Yet it is arguable that, even before voting rights, women were always an essential part of the American political process. After all the Nineteenth Amendment did not come out of nowhere, but came out of a campaign for women's suffrage that dated back to before the U.S. Civil War. This was due to the heavy involvement of American women in a variety of political causes, some admirable like the Abolitionist movement and some slightly perplexing like the Temperance movement. Notable Abolitionist and Temperance leaders were women, and it is the insistence of these women in taking a stance on moral and political issues that ultimately mobilized the campaign for voting rights. But considering that women now actually comprise a majority of the population, numerically speaking, the idea that the vote was withheld for so long strikes most twenty-first century observers as frankly bizarre.

The introduction of the New Deal under President Franklin Roosevelt is crucial to this day because, in essence, Roosevelt's policies saved the American economic and financial system from collapse or even revolution. By the dawn of the twentieth century it became clear that the unrestricted...

The New Deal should therefore be considered as the culmination of a movement for social reform, to improve the lives of those less well off, and to keep the American overclass from turning American economic life into a rigged casino that operates purely for the benefit of the hyperrich.
The passage of the Civil Rights Act during Lyndon Johnson's presidency has had a beneficial impact on American life by essentially guaranteeing freedoms that were implicit from America's founding, and that were written in to the U.S. Constitution as Amendments in the Reconstruction period. Yet these freedoms promised to the former slaves were generally denied through legal trickery in the Jim Crow south, in a system of racial apartheid that persisted well into the twentieth century. What is most admirable about the Civil Rights act is that Johnson, who was from Texas, recognized the grave political consequences and yet nonetheless signed it into law, even though he believed (accurately) it meant the Democratic Party would lose its once-unshakeable hold on the South's voters.

By improving the lives of women, African-Americans, and the poor, these three events vastly improved America's civic life. They made the country a better reflection of its own stated ideals than it had been previously. It is perhaps a testament to the importance of these events that most young people today cannot imagine America without these basic principles enshrined in law.

It is hard to select three events which have had the worst impact on American history since 1877, largely because there are so many plausible suggestions. However in terms of the continued impact that is felt in the daily lives of Americans in the early twenty-first century, it is possible to make some nominations. The Spanish-American War of 1898 is certainly an obvious example, and provided the template for the twenty-first century's equally ridiculous invasion of Iraq. It would be tempting to nominate the Cold War…

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The use of Communism as a fake menace was a staple of American political rhetoric well before Senator McCarthy's day -- the Haymarket Riot was an attempt to place blame on progressive political organizers, and the raids conducted after World War One by attorney general A. Mitchell Palmer were perhaps even more illegal than anything McCarthyism accomplished. However, the real function of McCarthyism was to conduct a witch hunt in American public life, and ruin the careers of people -- also effectively stigmatizing progressive politics for a long stretch afterwards. The most troubling aspect of McCarthyism, however, was that it was brought down by nobody except McCarthy himself. If McCarthy had not overreached by going after the U.S. Army -- which proved to be a crucial miscalculation -- he might have continued his red-baiting until he had effectively forced America into becoming a right-wing one-party totalitarian state, the inverted mirror image of his imaginary enemies.

Finally the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling on Bush v. Gore in 2000 was a scandal in any number of ways, but chief among them was the Constitutional crisis that this decision represented. Because the justices split purely along party lines, the decision essentially politicized the Supreme Court, which was not to the benefit of the legal system. But moreover, there was no valid reason to delay the recount in Florida -- which ultimately found Al Gore had won the popular vote there too -- and merely underscored the bizarre elitist character of the Electoral College as being an element of the U.S. Constitution like the three-fifths compromise, a relic of a bygone era. As a result, America ended up with a president who had been installed by a bunch of judges appointed by his dad and his dad's boss -- the fact that his presidency was so disastrous should not be a surprise.

In conclusion, these three events all damaged the public life of the United States in various ways. The Spanish-American War turned warfare into a profiteering activity that could be conducted by coercing the public with propaganda campaigns. McCarthyism demonized political opinion in what should ideally be a tolerant and pluralist society. And the elevation of George W. Bush to the presidency ultimately damaged America's status in the eyes of the world, and its legal system, and ultimately its economy, even if it did give us the most charming amateur painter on the world stage since Adolf Hitler. The fact that Bush essentially revived the worst excesses of the Spanish-American War with his Iraq invasion, and of McCarthyism with his PATRIOT Act, demonstrate how all of these tendencies in American life are still with us.
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