Verified Document

Attenuation Means A Reduction In Term Paper

Using both at the same energy improved temporal resolution, best used in cardiac imaging. When used at different kilovoltages resulted in material differentiation (Vlahos 2007). This dual-energy scanner, based on different attenuations and different photon energies will likely be used for pulmonary arterial angiographic and aortic imaging with, potentially, lower contrast volume. It will also likely be used for pulmonary enhancement maps and may possibly eliminate precontrast imaging and reduce radiation exposure (Vlahos 2007).

Utilizing the distinguishing qualities of attenuation, consistency or homogeneity, number and size of tumors found in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans of lungs and thyroid, pancreas, kidneys, adrenals, liver, and ovaries can be evaluated with training.

Fitton, Steenbakkers, et al. worked on a study of the lymph nodes of 13 patients found to have lung cancer. The data was obtained under free breathing conditions, a protocol was determined for CT/PET registration and a comparison of the image quality of attenuation-corrected PET images using CT images and positron transmission images "in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and lesion-to-background ratio (contrast)" (Fitton 42)

This study found large differences in the attenuation-corrected images using CT and the attenuation-corrected images which used positron transmission, using manual and automatic CT/PET registration and small rotations of less than 1.0 degrees. The CT scans had a mean contrast of 16% for lymph nodes. The study found "attenuation correction based on CT provides a better image quality for GTV delineation than when using positron transmission for attenuation correction" (Fitton 48).

In conclusion, attenuation used in ultrasound scans used today can help determine to a higher degree,...

This ability to discern tiny differences has created a dilemma in the medical world, in that now scans show even the smallest cyst and lesion in elderly patients, which may be numerous in some images, making some radiologists wonder if all need to be reported, as they may be insignificant. This was not a problem when scans were not so well-defined by attenuation and dual-energy technology (Kaiser 2007 1).
Works Cited

Attenuation of Sound Waves." NDT. Iowa State University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation. 2007. Website: http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Ultrasonics/Physics/attenuation.htm.

Bushong, Stewart C. And Archer, Benjamin R. Diagnostic Ultrasound, Mosby Inc., 1991.

Fitton, Isabelle; Steenbakkers, Roel; Zijp, Lambert, Duppen, Joop C.; Comans, Emile F.I.; Muller, Saar H.; Nowak, Peter J.C.M.; Rasch, Coen R.N. And van Herk, Marcel. "Lung Dosimetry: Retrospective attenuation correction of PET data for radiotherapy planning using a bree breathing CT." Radiotherapy and Oncology, Vol 83(1), April 2007.

Kaiser, C.P. "GI/GU experts seek accord to describe 'incidentalomas': Radiologists parse lesion size, number, and attenuation to distinguish benign from malignant." Diagnostic Imaging.com, October 2007. http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/showArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=YEPBIRQ0TVYVMQSNDLPCKH0CJUNN2JVN?articleID=202200374.

Vlahos, Ioannis, Godoy, Myrna and Naidich, David P. "Dual-energy CT makes inroads in aortic and pulmonary studies - Acquisition of dual-energy data sets from same volume at same time avoids misregistration in advanced postprocessed images." Diagnostic Imaging.com, CMP Medica United Business Media. November 1, 2007.

Zagzebski, James a. Essentials of Ultrasound Physics, Mosby Inc., 1996.

Sources used in this document:
Works Cited

Attenuation of Sound Waves." NDT. Iowa State University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation. 2007. Website: http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Ultrasonics/Physics/attenuation.htm.

Bushong, Stewart C. And Archer, Benjamin R. Diagnostic Ultrasound, Mosby Inc., 1991.

Fitton, Isabelle; Steenbakkers, Roel; Zijp, Lambert, Duppen, Joop C.; Comans, Emile F.I.; Muller, Saar H.; Nowak, Peter J.C.M.; Rasch, Coen R.N. And van Herk, Marcel. "Lung Dosimetry: Retrospective attenuation correction of PET data for radiotherapy planning using a bree breathing CT." Radiotherapy and Oncology, Vol 83(1), April 2007.

Kaiser, C.P. "GI/GU experts seek accord to describe 'incidentalomas': Radiologists parse lesion size, number, and attenuation to distinguish benign from malignant." Diagnostic Imaging.com, October 2007. http://www.diagnosticimaging.com/showArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=YEPBIRQ0TVYVMQSNDLPCKH0CJUNN2JVN?articleID=202200374.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Benefit of Mindfulness on Pain Attenuation
Words: 1203 Length: 3 Document Type: Article Critique

Mindfulness Meditation Training on Experimentally Induced Pain" by Zeidan et al., (2010), published in the Journal of Pain, presents the results of research to investigate The research addresses a gap in the research examining the benefit of meditation in attenuating pain symptoms. The research problem is clearly articulated, with the title clearly stating the content of the paper and the introduction expressing and justifying the issue. Past research has demonstrated

Urban Drainage System Sustainable Urban
Words: 3018 Length: 10 Document Type: Book Report

If there is an aggregate sub-base, these can provide water quality treatment. There should be good compaction and appropriate geo-textiles especially for areas accessible to heavy vehicles. Permeable pavements reduce the need for deep excavations thereby providing a cost benefit. This system reduces the run-off rates and peak flow. The overall benefit is that it removes pollutants and holds water so that it does enter the main drainage. A lot

Components of Satellite Communications Use
Words: 3595 Length: 13 Document Type: Research Paper

As compared to the previous years, the antennas in the earth stations are no longer large in size because of enhancements in satellites. A satellite communication basically functions and works in millimeter and microwave wave frequency bands that are estimated to range from approximately 1 Ghz to 50 Ghz. While there are different frequency bands that are used by satellite communication systems, the most common are the uplink and downlink

Carpal Instability Is Any Mal-Alignment
Words: 5543 Length: 15 Document Type: Term Paper

When using open reduction of dorsal displaced fractures of the radius to restore congruency and extra-articular anatomy, the authors recommended the use of their double-plating method. This method is reliable in providing stable internal fixation and in allowing early function. It is, however, and as earlier mentioned, a demanding technique, as ot requires careful; attention to detail. Carter, P.B. And PR Stuart. The Sauva-Kapankji Procedure for Post-Traumatic Disorders of the

United States Army Do to
Words: 7293 Length: 20 Document Type: Term Paper

Hearing loss is very case specific because one person who has hearing loss or impairment may be able to hear certain sounds or be completely deaf. Impairment entails something is not working as well as it should but there may still be some basic functioning. Hearing loss can go by many terms such as deaf, deafness, or hard of hearing. All could be one and the same situation but as

Treatment Options for Solid Waste
Words: 3110 Length: 10 Document Type: Peer-Reviewed Journal

Treatment Options Solid Waste is generally described as: • Trash (for instance dairy boxes and even coffee grounds) • Reject (for instance metallic scrap, wall panel, and even empty storage containers) • Sludges coming from waste materials treatment facilities, drinking water supply clarification facilities, or air pollution control establishments (for instance scrubber slags) • Manufacturing waste products (for instance manufacturing process contaminated waters and non-waste-water sludges as well as solids) • Other dumped supplies, such

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now