Verified Document

Attention Deficit Disorder Term Paper

Attention Deficit Disorder According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD or ADHD) is a diagnosis given to children and adults who display certain characteristic behaviors on a consistent basis over an extended period of time. The most common behaviors that characterize ADD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

According to statistics, people living with ADHD experience a continuous movement of sounds, images, and thoughts, similar to a fast-paced kaleidoscope (Johnson, 2002). ADD victims are easily bored yet are unable to concentrate. They are easily distracted and tend to daydream. The following statement describes the behavior of a typical child who suffers from ADD or ADHD: "Tommy can't sit still. He is disruptive at school with his constant talking and clowning around. He leaves the classroom without the teacher's permission. Although he has above-average intelligence, Tommy has trouble reading and writing. When he talks, the words come out so fast no one understands him" (Rees, 1994, p. 311).

As our knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorder increases, we are learning that ADD is more than just a disorder of childhood (Richardson, 1999). ADD is a life-long condition, as children with ADD grow up to be adults with ADD. ADD victims have relationships, children, and create families with many people. Thus, it is essential to treat children and adults with ADD, and their entire families.

The Importance of Treatment

It is widely believed that ADD runs in families (Richardson, 1999). Estimations show that there is a 30% chance that a child with ADD has at least one parent with ADD. There is also a 30% chance that the same child will have a sibling with ADD. According to Richardson, "Living in a family with ADD can be like living in a five ring circus. There is always someone or something that demands attention."

Parents naturally want to support their children and are often willing to sacrifice their needs for the needs of their children. The problem with this is that it is hard for people with ADD to provide consistent parenting for any child, let alone a child with ADD.

Families with ADD are prone to physical and verbal...

Substances like alcohol, food and drugs are often used to self-medicate the pain and frustration of untreated ADD (Richardson, 1999). Many parents of children with ADD suffer from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which is a condition that occurs when people are subjected to extreme, ongoing stress that exceeds normalcy. PTSD symptoms include depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, hyper-vigilance, and more.
For these reasons, it is imperative that ADD is treated in the context of the family, or individual's environment (Richardson, 1999). Behavioral therapy that is specific to addressing the symptoms of ADD is important. Family therapy that includes parents and siblings with and without ADD is also important.

Treating ADD

According to the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA), the best way to treat attention deficit disorders is by combining behavior therapy and medication. Behavior therapy can be very helpful in addressing and modifying the social and behavior problems in children with ADD (Johnson, 2002). Behavior therapy utilizes a series of techniques, concentrating on establishing distinct rules for a patient's behavior and giving him or her feedback through rewards and mild punishments. Some forms of behavior therapy include modeling, problem-solving, and social skills training. For children, behavior therapy often occurs in the classroom and at home, with the help of parents and teachers.

In some cases, it may be necessary and beneficial for a child with ADD to be medicated, in addition to participating in behavior therapy (Johnson, 2002, Rabiner, 2001). However, when determining whether or not medication is necessary, it is crucial to distinguish between the major symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, and the associated problems such as academic struggles, disruptive behavior, social difficulties, and emotional problems, including depressed mood and low self-esteem.

The American Psychological Association (1994) cites the importance of psychological assessment in diagnosing and treating childhood behavioral disorders, such as ADD. According to the APA, only psychological assessment has the ability to correctly distinguish between possible alternate diagnoses and…

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: APA.

Johnson, Charlotte. (2002). ADHD. Canadian Psychological Association Periodical. Vancouver: University of British Columbia.

Rabiner, David. (2001). The Use of Medication in Treating Attention Deficit Disorder and ADHD. Duke University Press.

Rees, Ann. (1999, August 9). "Drugging our Children: Boys will be Boys - That's Why We've Got Them Popping Pills." The Vancouver Province.
Richardson Wendy. (1999). ADD and the Family. ADD and Addiction. Retrieved from the Internet at http://www.addandaddiction.com/add_and_the_family.htm.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Attention Deficit Disorder
Words: 1593 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

Attention Deficit Disorder or in short ADD, is a condition wherein a person cannot concentrate on a thing that he is doing and a person who is very energetic when compared to other people. They are sometimes called an extra ordinary person because they possess a different kind of behavior that is quite distinguishable. They are also very impulsive because they react to things drastically and often times restless. The

Attention Deficit Disorder
Words: 987 Length: 3 Document Type: Term Paper

Attention Deficit Disorder: Yes, It Does Exist The existence of the syndrome that has come to be known in recent decades as either Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (ADHD, as opposed to ADD, is Attention Deficit Disorder with hyperactive symptoms) (Hallowell and Ratey, 1994; Wender, 1995; Barkley, 1997) was first identified in 1937 when Dr. Charles Bradley, discovered "effective treatment of children with stimulants ("Does ADHD

Attention Deficit Disorder ADD and Attention Deficit
Words: 1829 Length: 6 Document Type: Essay

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are both genetically transmitted behavioral and neurological conditions that most often manifest themselves in childhood and may continue into adulthood. Walters notes ADHD is considered a disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act, affecting approximately three to ten percent of all school-aged children. Brown further fine tunes this number, citing a U.S. Centers for Disease Control study which found that

Attention Deficit Disorder or ADD
Words: 7308 Length: 20 Document Type: Term Paper

(Bower, 129) The Hyperactivity involves fiddling with hands or feet or squirms in seat; does not continue seating when is expected to; excessive running or climbing considered not appropriate in adolescence and adults; feelings of restlessness; find it hard to play quietly; seems to be continuously on the move and talks excessively. Impulsivity includes blurts out answers prior to the question has been completed; becomes impatient waiting his turn; interruption

Attention Deficit Disorder and the
Words: 1103 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

" Symptoms of ADHD include poor impulse control, carelessness, oppositional behaviors, not following rules. These same symptoms are often cited as manifestations of giftedness (Hartnett, 2006). One of the hallmark symptoms of ADHD is social problems (Chamberlain, 2003). Children with ADHD often have trouble with impulse control, keeping their hands to themselves and other things that make them unpopular. While many children with these issues may have ADHD these symptoms can also be

ADD/ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder ADD and Attention
Words: 2783 Length: 10 Document Type: Term Paper

ADD/ADHD Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are both behavioral illnesses that are affecting a growing number of children and teenagers. Currently, more boys than girls are diagnosed with ADHD. A number of adults are also being diagnosed with adult-onset ADHD. Furthermore, an estimated one-third of children diagnosed with ADHD will continue to have symptoms until adulthood (Weyandt et al. 2003). Through greater exposure in the media and

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now