The idea that animal fat consumption causes heart disease is perhaps the most controversial component of the standard preventative advice given to reduce heart disease. This association is based upon the research of Ancel Keyes, who compared heart disease rates in the United States, Canada, Australia, England, Italy, and Japan and found that lower rates of heart disease were manifested in countries with less saturated fat consumption. However, there are many examples of tribes that ate diets high in animal fats and protein yet had low rates of heart disease until exposed to a Western diet: the lifestyle practices of the industrialized world clearly seems more apt to contribute to heart disease but exactly how remains uncertain. There is a complex interplay of genetics and other metabolic factors in the development of atherosclerosis (Teicholz 2007).
Total cholesterol alone has a limited value in predicting the tendency to develop heart disease: the HDL/LDL (good vs. bad cholesterol) ratio and triglycerides "which are a measure of the amount of fat circulating in your blood" must be collectively assessed (Teicholz 2007). Some forms of fat can increase HDL, such as the plant-based fats in olive oil and avocados. And a diet low in carbohydrates, even if high in animal fats, has been shown to be beneficial in some studies: "As your carb intake rises, so does your blood sugar. This causes your body to release the hormone insulin. Insulin's job is to...
Atherosclerosis Factors That Influence Disease Factors that influence disease: Atherosclerosis and gender Atherosclerosis is often colloquially referred to as the 'hardening of the arteries.' In a patient with atherosclerosis, plaque builds up on the patient's blood vessels which are required to "carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and other parts of your body" (What is atherosclerosis, 2013, NIH). Impeding this flow can have severe health effects, including coronary and cardioid heart disease as
Disease Trends in the United States Aging About 4.5% of the world's population comprises of the people of United States (U.S.). The country has the world's third largest population and statistical analysis shows that approximately 155 million people have been added to the U.S. population and figures have increased by nearly 105% in the past 50 years (Kotkin, 2010). In addition, the U.S. population has also experienced a qualitative change. According to
Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis Artery diseases are of immense concern to medical researchers due to the cause and effect relationship shared with heart disease and cardiovascular mortality. Atherosclerosis is one of the diseases earning such focus from researchers because of its multifactorial nature, and its period of development which typically occurs years before clinical symptoms are apparent. Atherosclerosis is a disease of the arterial wall that promotes several common causes of cardiovascular
The estimated age-adjusted prevalence of angina in women age 20 and older were 3.5% for non-Hispanic white women, 4.7% for non-Hispanic black women and 2.2% for Mexican-American women. Rates for men in these three groups were 4.5, 3.1 and 2.4%, respectively. Among American adults age 20 and older, the estimated age-adjusted prevalence of coronary heart disease for non-Hispanic whites is 8.9% for men and 5.4% for women; for non-Hispanic
Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease include bleeding on probing, the presence of periodontal pockets, alveolar bone loss, pain, and gingival swelling. Risk factors for periodontal disease include cigarette smoking, diabetes, stress, poor oral hygiene, the presence of periodontal pockets, and heredity. Because the signs and symptoms of periodontal disease are not equal to the risk factors for periodontal disease, the method to determine a diagnosis of periodontal disease
Cardio-vascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and leads the statistics for emergency room (ER) cases. This literature review combines two primary causative agents in CVD: (1) Stress in the workplace, and (2) Middle Age. This review will explore one of the key reasons why the harmful ramifications of stress and middle age can be nullified or, at least, reduced -- through physical activity and exercise. Job stress is
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