Above the roundel is a frieze from a monument to Trajan depicting a battle scene, and the west end contains an image of Luna, the moon goddess, in a chariot" (Sullivan, 2005, p.1). In contrast, the more modest, but still impressive, single-barreled Valley Forge structure is resoundingly secular in its images, as befits a national, American structure in a nation where freedom of religion reigns. (Interestingly, Constantine would later become famous as the first Christian emperor, despite the fact that his triumphal arch contains images of pagan gods and goddesses. The left hand roundel on the north face of the structure even shows Constantine in the form of a recut head of an older emperor, sacrificing to the god Apollo) (Sullivan, 2005, p.2). In the past, triumphal arches were almost exclusively used to commemorate either great men or great victories, or both in war. The Arch of Constantine thus may say to stand as an example and the crowning glory of this long, classical tradition. However, despite the National Memorial Arch's incongruous location in a rather pastoral area, and what may seem like the inappropriateness of a neoclassical, 17th century work's construction at the beginning of the 20th century, architecturally, the National Memorial Arch shows the ability of America to reconfigure as well as use old traditions of European architecture...
Washington is not shown as a god, but as a general leading an army. The National Memorial Arch pays homage to the past but it does not recycle the materials of the past and recreate them to celebrate the new regime like the Arch of Constantine. Thus, despite the greater size and detail, National Memorial Arch in a way stands prouder and taller, morally than the Arch of Constantine. The American structure is not made by carefully recreated figures of the past, to commemorate the 'more perfect' emperor of the present. Rather it is made from new stone, to celebrate the founding of America in the past, and says that America still struggling for its freedom against tyranny today, and still winning the fight.
This new political project would come to the forefront in the Bauhaus's conceptualization of functionalism, particularly under the second director Hannes Myer, who believed that architecture should be low cost and fulfill the living and working needs of the common working man. This idealistic belief, as detailed in such works as Karel Teige's the Minimum Dwelling, resulted in the construction of panel housing units in cities throughout Germany -
According to the Council of Mortgage Lenders, "In the sustainable communities plan the government has linked use of MMC with the drive to boost housing supply, thus further raising the salience of the issue for lenders and other stakeholders. The Housing Corporation has stated that 25% of all new grant-aided construction by housing associations should be by MMC" (MMC 2010, 3). In sum, modern methods of construction allow developers to
Federal Hall National Memorial The New York City Hall was located at the 26 Wall Street prior to the construction of the classic column building by Town & Davis. The City Hall was later on known as the Federal Hall. The Bill of Rights was written by the First Congress of America in this building and the first presidential oath was taken by George Washington in here. Although it was in
The professional manager held ultimate responsibility for construction, while the designer's authority with respect to the client receded. on-site work done by subcontractors was managed by large general contractors who provided the supervising engineers, and did not necessarily have to adhere to the designers places (Cuff 33). This change was a direct consequence of the arrangement of work in the Industrial Revolution, where specialisation was given new dimensions and
Ohio Capitol Building Discuss the overall design of the building. Upon what earlier buildings or styles was the design of this structure based? Why is that significant? According to those who helped to construct the building, the Ohio Capitol was intended to be a building that was designed simplistically, to reflect the refinement and simple nature of the people in the state (Gilkey 1902,-page 651). The Ohio Capitol Building's design is based
Although the program is still relatively small it has developed into a well respected method of preserving important American landmarks. The program works at the federal, state and local level to guarantee the protection and preservation of these designated sites. Now that we have a greater understanding of Historic preservation and landmarks, let us discuss the constitutional issues that arise as a result of historic preservation. Constitutionality of Historic Preservation Although
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