[Daniel E. Bullock]
Corrosion Control by Coating
Using appropriate coating methods, galvanic corrosion of metal surfaces can be avoided. For example titanium surfaces are plated with cadmium and primed before they are attached to aluminum surfaces. The aluminum alloy surface is typically coated with corrosion inhibiting primers such as Skydrol-resistant epoxies. Before applying the coating the surface is anodized using phosphoric acid anodizer. [Gerhardus H. Koch] the most poplar method of corrosion prevention however is the use of chromate surface treatments of the aluminum structures. Using hexavalent-chromium compounds for surface coating is however an environmentally unsound practice as chromium is well-known as a highly toxic and carcinogenic agent. The U.S. air force has done extensive research to find an environmentally safer alternative to chromium as a surface coating agent. This research has shown promising results and already self-assembled, nano-phase particles (SNAP) is suggested as an environmentally safer and long lasting (30 years) alternative to the toxic chromium coating method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies have confirmed that SNAP system offers better corrosion protection compared to chromate coating. [Donley]
Maintenance programs
Though tackling corrosion at the designing and manufacturing phase is key to successful control of the corrosion menace, proper maintenance also occupies a significant role in remedying the damage and in prolonging the life of the aircrafts. Detecting corrosion earlier would help avoid costly repair operations. There are numerous non-destructive forms of tests that are available to assess the level of damage without inducing any real damage to the aircraft. Ultrasonic testing, optical testing, eddy current testing, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and radiography are some of the commonly used non-destructive testing procedures. By means of selective 'blend out', affected regions are removed and in case the damage...
" (U.S. Department of Transportation, 2000 P. 3). In the United States, the average bridge deck in a snow-belt state generally shows the spalling shortly after 7 to 10 years of construction, and requires rehabilitation after 20 years of construction. Typically, the repair of the damaged caused by corrosion is invariably expensive. A crack is one of the major damage caused by corrosion. Although structural cracks could be attributed to
C. Depot Occasionally in depth maintenance or complex repairs on an airframe is required to maintain equipment in an operational status. Depot level repairs would include major alterations or refurbishing of an asset due to age or upgrade far beyond the capabilities of the organizational level requiring industrial facilities not available elsewhere. Special Depot Level Maintenance (SDLM) commonly performs overhaul operations on airframes in need of such attention. Aircraft Maintenance Elements The aircraft
They also recommended that the use of punch hole rivets near the windows, to be replaced with the use of epoxy or drill riveting, to prevent air pockets from developing near the cabin. ("BOAC Flight 781," 2005) The accident changed the industry, by allowing for window designs that were more rounded. This is significant because such a design would provide greater support to the cabin during flight. As a result,
According to these airlines, the public can help by contacting their Congress people. According to the airlines in question, there are in fact (or have been) regulations in place in order to discourage the phenomenon of uncontrolled speculation and manipulation in world markets. These have however been weakened or removed, resulting in the rapid rise of fuel prices today. The claim is in fact that rising demand and diminishing supply
S. DHS "Strategic Plan," 2008, http://www.dhs.gov/xabout/strategicplan/) Realistically acts of terrorism, domestic or foreign are exceedingly rare, though slightly more common than they have been in the past and at least marginally more violent in nature, they occur very, very rarely. (Lewis, 2000, p. 201) Though maintaining serious preparedness the mitigation of natural disasters, most which cannot be avoided is an issue needed to be addressed almost yearly, on both small
Aviation & Human Factor Aviation "The history of the development and progress of Human Factors in aviation, highlighting areas of significant change" Development in Aviation field is an essential element from defense prospective of any country. Advancement in assembly of an aircraft is always a result of some human error in handling. Error handling while pilot is operating an aircraft is an unrecoverable action in some cases. Human handling for safety of aircraft,
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