During stage two, if the stress continues, the body adapts to the stressors that it is exposed to. There are changes at different levels take place in order to reduce the effect of the stressor, which indicates they are starving. At this point, thee person might experienced a reduced desire for physical activity to conserve energy, and the absorption of nutrients from food might be maximized (General adaptation syndrome).
The second stage is the body's response to long-term protection. It secretes further hormones that increase blood sugar levels to sustain energy and raise blood pressure. The adrenal cortex produces hormones called corticosteroids for this resistance reaction. Overuse by the body's defense mechanism in this phase eventually leads to disease. If this adaptation phase continues for a prolonged period of time without periods of relaxation and rest to counterbalance the stress response, sufferers become prone to fatigue, concentration lapses, irritability and lethargy as the effort to sustain arousal slides into negative stress" (GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME (GAS) 2006).
However, during the final stage, the stress has continued for some time. The body's resistance to the stress may gradually be reduced, which indicates that the immune system, and the body's ability to resist disease may be almost totally eliminated. Patients who experience long-term stress may succumb to heart attacks due to their reduced immunity. A person with a stressful job may experience long-term stress that might lead to high blood pressure (General adaptation syndrome).
Causes
The general adaptation syndrome is also influenced by such universal human variables as overall health and nutritional status, sex, age, ethnic or racial background, level of education, socioeconomic status...
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