The most fundamental assumption of Lohan's article is that access to clean drinking water is a human right. Anyone who reads the article and believes that to be the case will have no trouble agreeing with Lohan's claims; but those who do not believe that access to drinking water is a human right might disagree.
Lohan also manages to conclude the article on a positive note, thereby encouraging the reader to become involved in water politics and take action where needed. Because the audience is presumed to be primarily Americans, Lohan understandably uses American interests as one of the primary points. Yet the author also links what is happening in America with what is happening in other parts of the world. Already there are one billion people around the world, per day, without access to safe drinking water. This alarming statistic is then juxtaposed with the fact that 35 states…...

Both Segerfeldt and Barlow also emphasize that the crisis especially affects the developing world. Poor people are dying from dirty water, both Barlow and Segerfeldt claim. Barlow cites the orld Health Organization, claiming that "every eight seconds, a child dies from drinking dirty water," (299). Segerfeldt agrees that "the shortage of water helps to perpetuate poverty, disease, and early death," (294). Finally, Barlow and Segerfeldt both acknowledge that technically the earth does not "run out" of water (Barlow 299). Segerfeldt similarly claims that there is "no shortage" of water, "at least not globally," (294).
Segerfeldt and Barlow disagree on what causes the water crisis and most importantly, on what to do about it. Although Barlow and Segerfeldt both agree that water is a potentially renewable resource, only Barlow notes that "there is a finite amount of available fresh water on the planet," (299). The earth cannot run out of water,…...

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Works Cited

Barlow, Maude. "Where Has All the Water Gone?" Chapter 6: Protecting the Environment.

Segerfeldt, Frederik. "Private Water Saves Lives." Chapter 6: Protecting the Environment."

publicized Water Crisis at Michigan's Flint city, which first emerged in the year 2014. In specific, it will address associated challenges and concepts, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis of the issue, and solutions and recommendations in order to resolve the issue.
Situated about 70 miles to the north of Michigan's largest city, Detroit, the city of Flint is home to 98,310 inhabitants, of which an alarming 41.6% are classified as economically underprivileged. The United States Census Bureau estimates reveal that the average household income of the city's residents is around 24,679 dollars, while the state average stands at 49,087 dollars. Over half (i.e., 56.6%) of the city's inhabitants belong to the African-American ethnic group. At one time, the city headquartered the biggest General Motors manufacturing unit in America. Flint suffered an economic downturn in the eighties, when the company decided to downsize this expansive industrial unit (Flint…...

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References

Bastasch, M. (2016). The Daily Caller - The Daily Caller features breaking news, opinion, research, and entertainment 24 hours a day. EPA Named in Blistering Report on Flint Water Crisis - The Daily Caller. Retrieved October 13, 2016, from  http://dailycaller.com/2016/03/24/epa-named-in-blistering-report-on-flint-water-crisis/ 

Botelho. (2016). CNN - Breaking News, Latest News and Videos. Flint water crisis: City gets $28 million in state aid - CNN.com. Retrieved October 13, 2016, from  http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/29/us/flint-michigan-water-crisis/ 

(2016). Business & Financial News, Breaking U.S. & International News - Reuters. EPA warns Flint, Michigan of long-term threats to water supply| Reuters. Retrieved October 13, 2016, from  http://www.reuters.com/article/us-michigan-water-idUSKCN0Z32E8 

(2016, October 4). CNN - Breaking News, Latest News and Videos. Flint Water Crisis Fast Facts - CNN.com. Retrieved October 12, 2016, from  http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/04/us/flint-water-crisis-fast-facts/

ater Crisis
Background on ater

The Planets ater Problems

Freshwater Shortage Ideas

Argument

There is an abundance of water on the planet and the melting of ice continues to contribute to even more water in the oceans through sea level rise. However, the water in the oceans is not something that can sustain life for most of the population of the world and fresh water is of key importance. Although water is the most abundant chemical compound in the universe, the fresh water cycles that support life on the planet Earth have been rapidly changing. Some have predicted that we will have a full-blown water crisis in the near future which will be followed by a range of problems that result from the lack of the availability of water. Not only does this affect people in Third orld, but there are examples in the First orld where marginalized communities have had trouble affording clean…...

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Works Cited

Barlow, M. (2015, August). The Water Crisis Comes Home. The Nation, 12-16. Retrieved from The Nation.

Burtynsky, E. (1999). Photographic Works. Retrieved July 12, 2012

CO2 Earth. (2016, April 19). Earth's CO2 Home Page. Retrieved from CO2 Earth:  https://www.co2.earth/ 

Craig, R. (2015). Dealing with Ocean Acidification: The Problem, the Clean Water Act, and State and Regional Approaches. Washington Law Review, 1585-1654.

The Water Crisis in Flint, Michigan The water crisis at Flint resulted from a series of poor decisions by city officials dating back to the 1960s. In 1967, the City of Flint switched from the Flint River to the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department (DWSD) as the primary source of drinking water (Masten, Davies & Mcelmurry, 2016). The switch was geared at ensuring sufficient water quantities for the city’s growing population (Masten et al., 2016). The decision, however, opened up the Flint River to unregulated discharges from municipalities and industries as well as continued failure by officials to properly treat the water (Masten et al., 2016). After 1967, for instance, the Flint Water Service Center only treated the Flint River water two to four times a year; yet the agency had permitted the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System to discharge treated water back into the river (Masten et al., 2016). Worryingly,…...

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References

Barry, A., & Honore, H. (2009). Everyday Theory: A Practical Application of the Ecological Perspective. American Journal of Health Education, 40(6), 368-72.

Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2015). Health Behavior: Theory, Research and Practice (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Kilanowski, J. F. (2017). Breadth of the Socio-Ecological Model. Journal of Agromedicine, 22(4), 295-97.

Masten, S. J.,Davies, S. H., & Mcelmurry, S. P. (2016). Flint Water Crisis: What Happened and Why? Journal of American Water Works Association, 108(12), 22-34.

Rothwell, H., Shepherd, M., Murphy, S., Burgess, S., Townsend, M., & Pimm, C. (2010). Implementing a Socio-Ecological model of Health in Wales. Health Education, 110(6), 471-89.

Ruckart, P., Ettinger, A., Hanna-Atisha, M., Jones, N., Davis, S., & Breysse, P. (2019). The Flint Water Crisis: A Coordinated Public Health Emergency Response and Recovery Initiative. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 25(1), 84-90.

Shin, T. S., Ranelucci, J., & Roseth, C. J. (2017). Effects of Peer and Instructor Rationales on Online Students’ Motivation and Achievement. International Journal of Education Research,82(1), Doi: 10.1016/j.ijer.2017.02.001

The New River in California is so polluted that border patrol agents will not venture in, even when undocumented workers are crossing (Glennon 68). Another source of contamination is the use of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in gasoline, which significantly worsens the risks posed by gasoline spills. Gas spills with MTBE are much worse than regular gas spills because they penetrate the surface rather than hovering above -- it is more difficult to clean up and more difficult to go below the surface to find a clean source of water (Glennon 71). ithout greater regulation of this contaminant, people have little ability to limit its use, other than limiting fuel use in general.
There have been attempts to improve government regulation and oversight of the water supply. For example, the Safe Drinking ater Act requires that all municipalities regularly test their local water supplies for a series of chemicals.…...

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Works Cited

Glennon, Robert. Unquenchable: America's water crisis and what we can do about it.

Island Press, 2010.

1.0 Introduction
Flint Water Crisis is one of the worst incident of toxic lead poisoning to occur in the history of the city and in Michigan. This crisis occurred in April 2014 as an unprecedented consequence of austerity measures that were adopted in the city of Flint to deal with the existing financial crisis. The measures to address Flint’s financial crisis involved utilizing the Flint river as the main water supply for the city. As a result of this decision, Flint Water Crisis emerged and affected poor communities and minorities living in the city. Since then, this issue has attracted considerable attention and become the subject of numerous studies. The existing studies on this issue focus on examining the different aspects relating to it with respect to its cause and impact on the communities. This paper examines Flint Water Crisis from an environmental perspective since its regarded as a case of…...

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References

Bellinger, D.C. (2016, March 24). Lead Contamination in Flint – An Abject Failure to Protect Public Health. The New England Journal of Medicine, 374, 1101-1103.

Campbell, C., Greenberg, R., Mankikar, D. & Ross, R.D. (2016, October). A Case Study of Environmental Injustice: The Failure in Flint. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(10). Retrieved from

Dettloff, D. & Bernico, M. (2017). Atmoterrorism and Atmodesign in the 21st Century: Mediating Flint’s Water Crisis. Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Psychology, 13(1), 156-189.

Dicochea, P.R. (2012). Discourses of Race & Racism Within Environmental Justice Studies: An Eco-Racial Intervention. Ethnicity and Race in a Changing World: A Review Journal, 3(2), 17-28.

Duke Law News. (2017, January 13). Flint Crisis Yields Lessons in Social Justice, Law, and Policy. Duke University. Retrieved from https://law.duke.edu/news/flint-crisis-yields-lessons-social-justice-law-and-policy/

Fehlbaum, A. (2016, January 25). Don’t Drink the Water: The Crisis in Flint from a Sociological Perspective. Sociology in Focus. Retrieved from http://sociologyinfocus.com/2016/01/dont-drink-the-water-the-crisis-in-flint-from-a-sociological-perspective/

Oz, T. & Bisgin, H. (2016, October). Attribution of Responsibility and Blame Regarding a Man-made Disaster: #FlintWaterCrisis. Social Web for Disaster Management, 16. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/pdf/1610.03480.pdf

Pulido, L. (2016, July 27). Flint, Environmental Racism, and Racial Capitalism. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 27(3), 1-16.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5086690/

Flint water crisis is an issue that took place in Flint, Michigan that started in April 2014 and involved contamination of drinking water. The origin of the crisis can be traced back to the decision by Flint to change its water source to the Flint iver from treated Detroit Water and Sewerage Department. During this change, relevant officials failed to utilize corrosion inhibitors, which contributed to a series of issues that ended up in lead contamination. The lead contamination of the drinking water created a serious health danger and water crisis. This paper examines the issue or problem of drinking water contamination in Flint following the change of water source. Based on disaster management theory, the author examines the public health danger and concerns arising from the crisis and its implication to nursing. The author provides recommendations for enhance nursing practice, management, and administration in the future.
Background of the Problem

Flint…...

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References

Cohen, S. (2016, January 19). There's Plenty of Blame for Flint, Michigan's Water Crisis. The Huffington Post. Retrieved April, 16, 2016, from  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/steven-cohen/theres-plenty-of-blame-fo_b_9017494.html 

Flint Water Advisory Task Force. (2016, March 21). Final Report. Retrieved from Office of Governor Rick Snyder State of Michigan website:  https://www.michigan.gov/documents/snyder/FWATF_FINAL_REPORT_21March2016_517805_7.pdf 

Frist, B. & DeSalvo, K.B. (2016, February 11). What the Flint Water Crisis Reveals About Public Health. Forbes. Retrieved April 16, 2016, from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/billfrist/2016/02/11/what-the-flint-water-crisis-reveals-about-public-health/#77aebd9e6eb5 

Heavey, S. (2016, January 21). How the Flint Water Crisis Has Further Exposed Health Disparities. Retrieved April 16, 2016, from  http://healthjournalism.org/blog/2016/01/how-the-flint-water-crisis-has-further-exposed-health-disparities/

Global ater Crisis & the Middle East
The entire premise of the hydrological cycle is apparent when one views the planet as a living organism, the Gaia idea. From condensation through evaporation and precipitation, all aspects of the cycle work together to form the basis for the Earth being an organism called "The Blue Planet." Interruptions of any aspect of the cycle have negative effects that multiply in seriousness as they progress through the cycle. Nature's filtration system, along with the balance between the large mega-forests and weather, kept the relationship between potable water and human life viable (Lovelock 2000).

The Gaia Concept - Too, taking the Gaia concept a bit further, if we look upon the world as a Global Village, with some areas that have plenty of water, and other places that are continually experiencing a shortage. In fact, the problem is so great, that the orld Health Organization estimates…...

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Works Cited

"Atlas of a Thirsty Planet." July 2002. Nature.com. October 2010 .

Barlow, M. Blue Covenant: The Global Water Crisis and the Coming Battle for the Right to Water. New York: New Press, 2008.

Briscoe, Postel and de Villiers. "Water Woes." May 2001. The University of Wisconsin. October 2010 .

DeVillers, M. Water: The Fate of Our Most Precious Resource. Baltimore: Mariner Books, 2001.

turning on the taps and nothing comes out. It wasn't like that yesterday, but today, there's no water. Maybe they're doing work on the pipes and you missed the memo, right? You call the city, and ask when it will come back on. They tell you it won't. There's no more water. They're going to truck some in so people have something to drink while they pack, but that's it, the water's gone and it's time to leave. This isn't a fantasy situation. It has actually happened throughout human history, usually when we do not have the technology to manage our water supplies. The problem is that today, even with all we know about water management, we are still facing this very situation in our lifetimes, in major cities.
California has had a drought for the past four years. Even before the drought, the state was using water at an…...

Water Crisis in the Middle East
What is the Six Day War, and what are the various events that led to the War? What is the background of the War, and what were its consequences? The Six Day War took place in the month of June 1967. The crisis had actually begun in the early months of 1965, when the PLO, through Fatah, led a campaign of attacks on the borders along Jordan and Lebanon. This campaign was severely criticized and opposed by not only the people of the country but also by the Arab Government, and this led to the Fatah attempting to adopt a totally new strategy that came to be known as the 'entanglement theory'. According to this strategy, Israel would be forced to adopt an 'offensive' position with the technique of 'sabotage', and this meant that the Arabs would become more wary and would in turn be…...

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Bibliography

Anita Roddick, Dame. Troubled Water - Saints, Sinners, truth & Lies about the Global Water Crisis. 1 October, 2004. Retrieved From

  Accessed on 21 February, 2005http://www.ecademy.com/node.php?id=31940 

Grunfeld, Lilac. Jordan River Dispute. ICE Case Studies, Case number 6. Spring 1997. Retrieved From   Accessed on 21 February, 2005http://www.american.edu/TED/ice/jordan.htm 

Israel 1948 to 1967, the Six-Day War Background. Retrieved From

The Flint, Michigan water crisis has become a poster child for environmental injustice, environmental racism, and inequitable resource distribution in the United States. It has also represented a case of bleak mismanagement of precious natural resources and the inability of the United States to adequately respond to the most basic human needs. The water crisis was but a grim manifestation of decades of racist land use policies and political realities, which can be traced back to periods of segregation and the white flight to the suburban sprawl. Moreover, the Flint water crisis showcases the role government plays in colluding with polluters, with issues related to the not in my back yard (NIMBY) phenomenon also relevant in this case. As Bell (2012:28) points out, “environmental justice...concerns patterns of inequality in the distribution of environmental goods.” Flint residents lacked access to environmental “goods,” such as clean drinking water given the long-term contamination…...

Clean Water Crisis Introduction
Every human being on earth necessitates at least 20 to 50 liters of clean, safe water on an everyday basis for the purposes of drinking, cooking, and basically maintaining themselves to be clean. However, there is a significant need for clean water in countries. In the contemporary setting, statistics indicate that 1 in 9 individuals lack accessibility to clean and safe water (Water.org). There are 844 million people across the globe that are presently living without access to clean water. This lack of clean water has resulted in a health crisis as it causes diseases. Notably, access to safe water leads to poor sanitation, which consequently adds to deteriorated health and increases the spread of infectious diseases. The inference of this is that it results in increased child and mortality rates. Statistics further indicate that every 2 minutes in the present day, a child does because of a…...

While on one hand, the Nile gets the highest discharge from rainfall on the highlands of Ethiopia and upland plateau of East Africa, located well outside the Middle East region; on the other hand, discharge points of the other two rivers, Euphrates and Tigris, are positioned well within the Middle East region, prevailing mostly in Turkey, Syria along with Iraq. In other areas, recurrent river systems are restricted to the more northern upland areas of Iran and Turkey, in common with the coastline of Levant (Peter eaumont, Gerald H. lake, J. And Malcolm Wagstaff, 1988).
The conflict in the Future

It is widely believed by many experts that those who control the waters in the Middle East; control the Middle East; and those who control the Middle East; control the oil supply of the world (David M. Hummel, 1995). From the above mentioned facts it is clear that the water resources…...

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Bibliography

Anthony H. Cordesman. Peace is Not Enough: The Arab-Israeli Economic and Demographic Crises. Part Two. Population Growth, Fertility and Population Doubling Rates, Regional Trends, National Trends, and the "Youth Explosion" Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1998.

Adel Darwish. Troubled waters in rivers of blood. Water Issues. 3 December 1992. http://www.mideastnews.com/water004.html

Adel Darwish. Inadequacy of international law. Taken at http://www.mideastnews.com/WaterWars.htm

Ashok Swain. A new challenge: water scarcity in the Arab world. Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ). January, 1998.

Black StudiesABessie Smith\\\'s \\\"Backwater Blues\\\" and Mos Def\\\'s \\\"New World Water\\\" both touch on environmental themes and the impact of natural disasters on Black communities. These songs demonstrate the ways in which Black artists have been instrumental in shedding light on environmental issues and advocating for environmental justice.In \\\"Backwater Blues,\\\" Bessie Smith describes the devastation caused by a flood in the Mississippi Delta. She vividly describes the rising water levels, the destruction of homes and crops, and the desperate efforts of those affected to escape the flood. Through her lyrics, Smith portrays the human toll of environmental disasters and highlights the disproportionate impact such events can have on marginalized communities.Similarly, in \\\"New World Water,\\\" Mos Def speaks about the global water crisis and its impact on urban communities. He addresses the lack of access to clean water, the corporate control of water resources, and the environmental degradation caused by industrialization.…...

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ReferencesTurner-Williams, Jaelani. (2023). Composing Climate Change: The Radical Legacy of Black Musicians