Vulnerable Populations
Social groups that have increased susceptibility and are at risk for health problems are referred to as "vulnerable populations." This paper seeks to briefly define the meaning of the term "vulnerable population,' describe its characteristics, identify some of the barriers to health care service, and look at cultural attitudes relating to these populations. In addition, a cursory look at nursing theories, and models, concerning vulnerable populations will be presented.

Vulnerability means to have increased risks in the area of physical, psychological, or social health and can be established by evidence of inadequate access to health care, unhealthy living condition, relatively high mortality rates, and low life expectancy. Individuals can become vulnerable due to life changes or unexpected events such as a loss of employment, a major medical event, or natural disaster. Health care professionals that focus on vulnerable populations are concern with whole social groups that are at risk because…...

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WORKS CITED

Anderson, B. (2007). Caring for the Vulnerable: Perspectives in Nursing Theory, Practice, and Research. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett .

Crow, S.E., Harrington, M.E., & McLaughlin, C.G. (2002). Sources of vulnerability: a critical review of the Literature on Racial/Ethnic Minorities, immigrants, and Persons with Chronic Mental Illness. Economic Research Initiative on the Uninsured, Retrieved from   (Dec 10, 2010).http://www.rwjf-eriu.org/pdf/wp14.pdf .

McKone, J. (2010, December 07). The future of sustainable urban mobility: make the poor a priority. The City Fix, Retrieved from  http://thecityfix.com/megacities-on-the-move-make-the-poor-a-priority/

WIC program is a federal program designed for mothers and their children. "The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides Federal grants to States for supplemental foods, health care referrals, and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum women, and to infants and children up to age five who are found to be at nutritional risk" (usda.gov). This federal program attempts to address the needs of the vulnerable population of single mothers or mothers from low-income households which have children and families which are nutritionally at risk: thus the program is able to provide these children (up to the age of five) with supplemental foods to help provide them with a more well0roudned diet. In certain respects, one of the reasons why this program is supported by the federal government is because it's a preventative program. By making sure that all infants have the…...

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References

Holmes, A., Chin, N., & Kaczorowski, J. (2009). A Barrier to Exclusive Breastfeeding for WIC Enrollees: Limited Use of Exclusive Breastfeeding Food Package for Mothers. Libert Inc., 25-30.

Sekhobo, J., Edmunds, L., & Reynolds, D. (2010). Trends in Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight Among Children Enrolled in the New York State WIC Program, 2002 -- 2007. Public Health Rep., 218 -- 224.

USDA.gov. (2013). Women, Infants and Children (WIC). Retrieved from Usda.gov:  http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/about-wic-wics-mission

financial impact vulnerable population. Consider: o the impact age groups, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic education level o Health illness trends, disease morbidity mortality population o Health care service, acute care, long-term care, nursing home, home health, hospice • Description funding assist population.
Vulnerable populations

The terms vulnerable populations refers to the groups of people who are not properly integrated into the health care system as a result of their cultural, geographic, ethnic, health characteristics, or economic status. This group of people is usually isolated in terms of its members being at risk of not obtaining access to essential medical care. Therefore, this population is a potential threat to the health of the community because of their lack of access to medical care. Some examples of these vulnerable populations are the minority groups either ethnically or racially. There is also the urban and rural poor population. There are the undocumented immigrants and those…...

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References

Aday, L.A. (2001). At Risk in America: The Health and Health Care Needs of Vulnerable Populations in the United States. New York: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE). (2011). Overview of the Uninsured in the United States: A Summary of the 2011 Current Population Survey. Washington, DC U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Goodson, J.D. (2010). Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Promise and Peril for Primary Care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 152(11), 742-744. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00249

Miller, W., Vigdor, E.R., & Manning, W.G. (2004). Covering The Uninsured: What Is It Worth? Health Affairs, W4, 157-167. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.W4.157

Accommodating Vulnerable Populations in Healthcare
Within contemporary healthcare, access to healthcare services is negatively impacted by a variety of potential barriers. Typical examples of such barriers include cultural and ethnic isolation, advanced age, low income, lack of access to public transportation, and language barriers. In our healthcare agency, the two most prevalent barriers to healthcare access are advanced age, language barriers, and the particular vulnerabilities of aged populations.

Within our healthcare organization, there may be issues of the failure on the part of many staff members to empathize with the significance of these issues, largely because the staff are almost all young, well-educated individuals whose primary language is English. This project consists of several proposed methods of increasing the awareness and sensitivity among healthcare providers to the significance of these potential barriers to healthcare access. In principle, they are designed to help individuals who are not and have never been subject to…...

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References

Beauchamp, T.L. And Childress, J.F. (2009). Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 6th

Edition. Oxford University Press.

Hiscock, R., Pearce, J., Blakely, T., and Witten, K. "Is neighborhood access to health care provision associated with individual-level utilization and satisfaction?" Journal of Health Services Research, Vol. 43, No. 6 (2008): 2183 -- 2200.

Rust, G., Ye, J., Baltrus, P., Daniels, E., Adesunloye, B., and Fryer, G.E. "Practical barriers to timely primary care access impact on adult use of emergency department services." Archives of Internal Medicine, Vol. 168, No. 15 (2008):

poor elderly are a vulnerable population in all communities. Specific factors that have contributed to this factor constitute ageism, namely the way that elderly are generally stereotypes as deserving of less social respect and undeserving of social support. In American society in particular, and in western society in general, youth is glorified and monetary success considered, whether erroneously or not, to equivocate happiness. The fact is that an elderly person who is wealthy might well receive the best of treatment. It is the combination of age and poverty with poverty dominating that spells rejection and, sometimes, premature death, deprivation, and suffering.
A great source of resources for the elderly in my community are social support networks such as The Ark that even though promoted as Jewish, is actually available for all individuals regardless of race. Not only does it regularly deliver food packages to needy elderly people. Its medical clinic,…...

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References

The Ark

 http://arkchicago.org/content/services 

Chesney, A.P., Chavira, J.A., Hall, R.P., & Gary, H.E. (1982). Barriers to medical care of Mexican-Americans: the role of social class, acculturation, and social isolation. Med. Care 20, 88

Orlando Sentinel. (Dec., 04. 1993). Clinic On Wheels To Take Health Care To Elderly Poor

Explain how a community nurse can decrease or prevent the occurrence of an infectious disease, chronic illness or safety concern the community is at high risk for. Using the community assessment, describe how you would educate your community on primary, secondary and tertiary care based using this illness or infectious disease.To begin primary prevention looks to prevent the occurrence of the infectious disease prior to it occurring. As it relates to an issue such as water safety preventative tactics must be employed. As a community nurse I would first look to leverage partnerships with governments and businesses. Here, a collective effort is required in order to provide quality water to residents. For one, governments typically own the infrastructure used to help prevent infections within vulnerable communities. This infrastructure includes public government jobs, mission critical utilities such as utilizes, highways, airports and so forth. Infection diseases are particularly pertinent during areas…...

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References

1. Allender, J. A., Rector, C., & Warner, K. D. (2010). Community health nursing: Promoting and protecting the public’s health. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - See more at: https://mycna.ca/en/my-certification/what-is-certification/competencies-per-specialty-area/community-health-nursing/community-health-nursing-certification-bibliography#sthash.9EIaXBsO.dpuf

2. Stamler, L. L., & Yiu, L. (2019). Community health nursing: A Canadian perspective (5th ed.). Toronto: Pearson. - See more at: https://cna-aiic.ca/en/certification/exam-preparation/bibliographies/community-health-nursing-certification-bibliography#sthash.uNZ8AGRA.dpuf

3. Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J., Jessup-Falcioni, H., & Viverais-Dresler, G. A. (2016). Community health nursing in Canada (3rd ed.). Toronto: Mosby/Elsevier. - See more at: https://cna-aiic.ca/en/certification/exam-preparation/bibliographies/community-health-nursing-certification-bibliography#sthash.uNZ8AGRA.dpuf

4. Vollman, A. R., Anderson, E. T., & McFarlane, J. (2016). Canadian community as partner: Theory and multidisciplinary practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins - See more at: https://cna-aiic.ca/en/certification/exam-preparation/bibliographies/community-health-nursing-certification-bibliography#sthash.uNZ8AGRA.dpuf

Score Sheet tab contains the score sheet to also be completed. This score sheet may include specific manuscript questions or ratings, a recommendation field, comments to the author, comments to the editor, and the ability to attach a file.
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Benchmark - Policy Brief: Climate Change and Vulnerable Populations1. Describe the public health issue. Include the following information:Affected population. A major and perhaps even existential threat to public health has been growing in severity over the past several decades, and the scientific community cautions that the tipping point on climate change may have already been reached. Although the precise causes of climate change remain controversial, the effects are already being felt around the world, citizens of economically disadvantaged developing nations are at a significantly elevated risk of experiencing multiple adverse health-related outcomes as a result. For instance, according to the American Public Health Association (APHA), From exposure to extreme weather and heat waves to worsening air pollution and the spread of insect-borne disease climate change is a health emergency (Climate change, 2023, para. 3).What level does it occur. Climate change affects humans all over the world, but it disproportionately…...

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ReferencesBahrami, G., Rafiey, H., Shakiba, A., Noroozi, M., Sajjadi, H., & Seddighi, H. (2022). Climate Change and Respiratory Diseases: Relationship between SARS and Climatic Parameters and Impact of Climate Change on the Geographical Distribution of SARS in Iran. Advances in Respiratory Medicine, 90(5), 378–390.Climate Change. (2023). American Public Health Association. Retrieved from org/Topics-and-Issues/Climate-Change.Ebi, K. L., Balbus, J., Kinney, P. L., Lipp, E., Mills, D., O’Neill, M. S., & Wilson, M. L. (2009). U.S. Funding Is Insufficient to Address the Human Health Impacts of and Public Health Responses to Climate Variability and Change. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(6), 857–862. Harris, O. O., Bialous, S. A., Muench, U., Chapman, S., & Dawson-Rose, C. (2022). Climate Change, Public Health, Health Policy, and Nurses Training. American Journal of Public Health, 112, S321–S327.Scientific Consensus: Earth\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Climate Is Warming. (2023). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved from  https://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/ .UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. (2022). International Institute for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from  https://enb.iisd.org/negotiations/un-framework-convention-climate-change-unfccc .https://www.apha.

Addressing Barriers to Primary Care for Latino PatientsChosen esearch StudyAuthors: Hyunsung Oh, Mai P. Trinh, Cindy Vang, David BecerraTitle: Addressing Barriers to Primary Care Access for Latinos in the U.S.: An Agent-Based Model (2020)Vulnerable PopulationThis research focuses on Latinos, a large and diverse ethnic group in the United States. Latinos experience health disparities compared to the non-Latino white population. Limited English proficiency (LEP) is one vulnerability that can prevent them from obtaining access to quality healthcare. Including LEP Latinos in research is important in order to be able to identify and address these disparities and improve their health.IB ConsiderationsThe research on this population would need approval from an Institutional eview Board (IB) due to its focus on human subjects. The IB would have to approve the research design to make sure there is informed consent, privacy, proper recruitment strategies, and safeguards for the population. For example, questions the IB might…...

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ReferencesOh, H., Trinh, M. P., Vang, C., & Becerra, D. (2020). Addressing barriers to primary care access for Latinos in the US: an agent-based model. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 11(2), 165-184.

IB Process for ProjectThe Institutional eview Board (IB) process is important for overseeing and making sure of the ethical conduct of research involving human participants. The purpose of the IB is to review research proposals so that they comply with ethical guidelines to keep participants safe, and to protect privacy and confidentiality. My final project addresses maternal mortality by proposing an intervention targeting high-risk communities, and thus some ethical considerations need to be made.Ethical Issues elated to the Final ProjectOne of the major ethical issues related to this project is informed consent. Participants who are in vulnerable groups must have full awareness of what the intervention entails, and if there are potential risks, and their rights to withdraw without any repercussions (Malgieri & Niklas, 2020). Since maternal mortality disproportionately affects marginalized groups like Black and Hispanic women??, ethics demands that these populations be not exploited and that they be provided…...

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ReferencesCarter, E. B., Collaborative, E. W., & Mazzoni, S. E. (2021). A paradigm shift to address racial inequities in perinatal healthcare. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 224(4), 359-361.Malgieri, G., & Niklas, J. (2020). Vulnerable data subjects. Computer Law & Security Review, 37, 105415.Scheibner, J., Ienca, M., Kechagia, S., Troncoso-Pastoriza, J. R., Raisaro, J. L., Hubaux, J. P., ... & Vayena, E. (2020). Data protection and ethics requirements for multisite research with health data: a comparative examination of legislative governance frameworks and the role of data protection technologies. Journal of Law and the Biosciences, 7(1), lsaa010.White, M. G. (2020). Why human subjects research protection is important. Ochsner journal, 20(1), 16-33.

ESPONSE esponse: Discussion TopicAddisalem T.My colleague indicates that the older population faces a wide range of challenges that are often not well addressed. These are inclusive of, but they are not limited to marginalization from their families and battle with various chronic illnesses. For this reason, there is need to ensure that various stakeholders are involved in efforts to promote older persons quality of life. Key stakeholders on this front could be inclusive of the government, community healthcare providers/workers, family members, religious organizations, etc. (Sharma and Branscum, 2020). It is important to note that as my colleague indicates, in some cases, policies and other interventions deployed to promote the wellbeing of the older population tend to be poorly designed thus failing to address the unique needs of this population. The relevance of nursing cannot be overstated in efforts to secure the health and wellbeing of this particular vulnerable population.…...

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ReferencesKalinowski, J., Taylor, J.Y. & Spruill, T.M. (2019). Why Are Young Black Women at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease? Circulation, 139(8), 1003-1004. McKenzie, J.F. & Pinger, R.R. (2015). An Introduction to Community and Public Health. Jones & Bartlett Learning. Mager, D.R. & Conelius, J. (2019). Population Health for Nurses: Improving Community Outcomes. Springer Publishing Company. Sharma, M. & Branscum, P.W. (2020). Introduction to Community and Public Health. John Wiley & Sons.

Self-AssessmentSelf-assessment is an important tool for healthcare professionals, including those pursuing a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree, to evaluate their own knowledge, skills, and abilities in relation to their profession\\\'s competencies (Mantzourani et al., 2019). The purpose of self-assessment in relation to DNP competencies and population-based health and healthcare disparities is to identify areas for improvement and to develop strategies to address them (Kulhanek, 2022). This paper will provide a self-assessment regarding learning throughout this course.eflection on the Course AchievementIn terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention, I have asked myself if I have a good understanding of what each level of prevention entails and how to implement them in practice. I believe that I do, based on feedback I have received throughout the course and on my own positive personal experience. I have also reflected on readings and discussions that focused on prevention strategies, and have…...

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ReferencesFigueroa, J. F., Frakt, A. B., & Jha, A. K. (2020). Addressing social determinants of health: time for a polysocial risk score. Jama, 323(16), 1553-1554.Kulhanek, B. J. (2022). A Self-Guided Educational Program Based on Informatics Competency Self-Assessment (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University).Kuruba, M., & Kuruba, M. (2019). The Role Competency Matrix. Role Competency Matrix: A Step-By-Step Guide to an Objective Competency Management System, 49-75.Mantzourani, E., Desselle, S., Le, J., Lonie, J. M., & Lucas, C. (2019). The role of reflective practice in healthcare professions: Next steps for pharmacy education and practice. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 15(12), 1476-1479.Menges, D., Ballouz, T., Anagnostopoulos, A., Aschmann, H. E., Domenghino, A., Fehr, J. S., & Puhan, M. A. (2021). Burden of post-COVID-19 syndrome and implications for healthcare service planning: A population-based cohort study. PloS one, 16(7), e0254523.Monteiro, M. C. D., Martins, M. M. F. P. D. S., & Schoeller, S. D. (2021). Evaluation of the health level of the elderly: patient care team considerations. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 75.

Vulnerable Populations: Low Income Adults Low income adults in Wyandot County, Kansas City, Kansas, are vulnerable to the socio-economic factors that commonly have a negative health impact. These factors include low wages, unstable family life, risky sexual behavior, drug and alcohol abuse, high crime, low education, obesity, diabetes, and poor access to health care (Boyer et al., 2017; Guariguata, 2014; Osborn, Squires, Doty, Sarnak & Schneider, 2016). Low income adults, therefore, are at risk of not receiving the proper health education they need to maintain healthy lifestyle; they are at risk of lacking a cogent support system to maintain a healthy lifestyle; they are at risk of not having adequate access to health care, whereby they maintain obtain necessary health education and preventive care.
Understanding the needs and risks of vulnerable populations is important to the clinical population I will serve as an advanced practice nurse because community health is a field…...

Children with AIDS
Population Demographics

The Centers for Disease Control estimate there were 217 children with HIV below the age of 13, in 2010 in the 46 states. The report indicates that seventy-five percent of these were infected prenatal. By the end of 2009, approximately 10,834 people diagnosed with HIV at the age of 13 and below, were living with confidential, long-term name-based HIV reporting. Of the prenatal infections, 63% were from the African/Black community, 22% were Latino/Hispanics, and 13% were whites. The CDC estimates that the number of new children infected will increase by 30%. This is because the number of women giving birth in the U.S., with HIV increase at a rate of 30% in 2006. New York has the highest number of children with AIDS in any area of the U.S., as half of the children diagnosed with HIV / AIDS in the country reside in the area. This…...

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References

Holmes, A.M., Ackerman, R.D., Zillich, A.J., Katz, B.P., Downs, S.M., & Inui, T.S. (2008). The Net Fiscal Impact of a Chronic Disease Management Program: Indiana Medicaid. Health Affairs, 27(3), 855-864.

Peters, V.B., M.D., Liu, K., Robinson, L., Dominguez, Kenneth L, M.D., M.P.H., Abrams, E.J., M.D., Gill, B.S., PhD., & Thomas, P.A., M.D. (2008). Trends in perinatal HIV prevention in New York City, 1994-2003. American Journal of Public Health, 98(10), 1857-64.

Schackman, B.R., Gebo, K.A., Walensky, R.P., Losina, E., Muccio, T., Sax, P.E., Weinstein, M.C., Seage, G.R. III, Moore, R.D., & Freedberg, K.A. (2006). The lifetime cost of current human immunodeficiency virus care in the United States. Medical Care, 44(11), 990-997.

Vulnerable ConsumerA vulnerable consumer is someone with low income, who comes from a non-English speaking background, has some kind of disability, suffers from a chronic illness, has little or no literacy, is homeless, very young, or very old (FTC, n.d.). Considering ethics, there should be greater government regulation with respect to selling to vulnerable consumers because corporations are unlikely to police themselves or hold themselves accountable to any kind of ethical standard. Pursuit of profits is the natural code that companies follow. That is why, for instance, pharmaceutical companies will target the old with drug ads during shows watched by the elderly: they want to target this vulnerable population and get them to inquire about the drugs they saw on TV. Or toy companies will target the young during kids shows and get them to pester their parents for TVs. No company is going to not do thisand so some…...

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ReferencesFTC. (n.d.). Looking out for the vulnerable consumer. Retrieved from  https://www.ftc.gov.bb/index.php?%20option=com_content&task=view&id=149

Ageism is the practicing of discrimination against people based on their age.  While the term does not specify the age of the people experiencing discrimination, ageism has most often been used to describe discrimination against older people, particularly seniors. There are multiple components to ageism, as age is used in a discriminatory manner for a variety of types of decision-making, from personal choices to policy choices.

There are many topics you could focus on when writing about ageism.  Much of the research in the area has been done in the context of the job market, where....

1. The impact of global warming on natural disasters such as hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires.
2. The role of human activities in causing global warming.
3. The effects of melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels on coastal communities.
4. The importance of renewable energy sources in combating global warming.
5. The role of international cooperation in addressing global warming.
6. The economic consequences of global warming for industries such as agriculture, tourism, and insurance.
7. The social and health impacts of global warming on vulnerable populations.
8. The role of education and awareness in combating global warming.
9. The ethical considerations surrounding global warming and climate....

1. The impact of deinstitutionalization on mental health care access and quality
2. Examining the role of community-based treatment in reducing stigma around mental illness
3. The challenges of transitioning patients from institutional care to community-based services
4. The financial implications of deinstitutionalization on mental health care systems
5. Exploring the ethical considerations of deinstitutionalization and patient autonomy
6. The effectiveness of deinstitutionalization in promoting recovery and rehabilitation for individuals with mental illness
7. The potential risks and benefits of deinstitutionalization for vulnerable populations, such as the homeless or those with severe mental illness
8. The role of family support and....

1. The root causes of the opioid epidemic and how society can address them
2. The impact of opioid addiction on individuals, families, and communities
3. The role of pharmaceutical companies in fueling the opioid epidemic
4. The connection between mental health and opioid addiction
5. Strategies for preventing opioid addiction and promoting safe pain management
6. The criminal justice system's response to the opioid epidemic
7. The stigma surrounding opioid addiction and its impact on individuals seeking help
8. The economic costs of the opioid epidemic on healthcare systems and society
9. The role of healthcare providers in addressing the opioid epidemic
10. The potential for harm reduction....