Veterinary Medicine
Truthfully I believe the single greatest asset I bring to the veterinary medical field is my enthusiasm for learning and desire to see all animals cared for in a holistic and safe manner. Though I do not have a great deal of experience working directly in the field, I do have a great many life experiences I believe will contribute to the profession. I believe some of the most critical attributes a student of veterinary medicine should have include an open mind, warm spirit, and a good sense of humor.

During the course of my life, I have interacted with a variety of different people from many countries, cultures and backgrounds. While making new friends and discovering new worlds, I have had the opportunity to view how different perspectives and traditions impact mans attitudes toward medicine and medical care.

One of the most distinct things I have learned is that different…...

Natural Health Practices in Veterinary Medicine
Natural health practices include all health interventions that choose non-medical alternatives such as nutrition, vitamins, herbs, acupuncture, and homeopathy. The basic premise of natural health practices in both animals and humans is that illness is the body's need to dispose of unhealthy cells that are negatively influencing at least one biological system (Goldstein, 1999). Many of the interventions used are quite similar to those used in human natural health practices. For example, for both humans and animals, medical practitioners recommend an increase in raw, whole foods to help with general nutritional improvement (Goldstein, 1999). Veterinarians and animal owners might choose to use natural health method to avoid side effects from drugs or potential risks involved in surgery, or as preventative measures in response to such problems as antimicrobial resistance (Mateu and Martin, 2001).

Nutrition therapy is using what the animal eats to improve its health, and…...

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References

Goldstein, Martin. (1999). The Nature of Animal Healing: The Definitive Holistic Medicine Guide to Caring for Your Dog and Cat. New York: Ballantine Books.

Mateu, E. & Martin, M.(2001). Why is Anti-Microbial Resistance a Veterinary Problem As Well? ANTI-infective agents in veterinary medicine Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B. 48(8), 569-582.

Pitcairn, Richard & Pitcairn, Susan Hubble. (1995) Dr. Pitcairn's Complete Guide to Natural Health for Dogs and Cats. New York: Rodale.

Zucker, Martin. (2000). Veterinarians Guide to Natural Remedies for Dogs: Safe and Effective Alternative Treatments and Healing Techniques from the Nations Top Holistic Veterinarians. New York: Random House.

The article summarizes the herbal medicine also known as botanical medicine to refer to the usage of plant seeds, roots, leaves and berries for the medicinal purposes. The article also indicates that use of herbal is today becoming more mainstream as improvements in the quality control with the advances in a clinical research shows the significance of the herbal medicine in treating and prevention of diseases (Herbal medicine, 2011).
How Herbs work and used

The herb contains ingredients that work together in producing a beneficial effect. For instance, the type of the environments in which the herbs plants grow may affect the herb. The use of the herbs has drastically increased over the past 40 years. Presently, the medicines are categorized as the dietary supplements by the people of United States of America (USA). This therefore means that, herbal supplements can be sold before being tested to prove that they are…...

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References

Herbal medicine. (2011). University of Maryland Medical Center. Retrieved March 26, 2013, from  http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/herbal-medicine-000351.htm 

Lyon, J. (2011). Veterinary Botanical Medicine Association: Home. Retrieved March 26, 2013, from  http://www.vbma.org/ 

Sifferlin, A. (2013). Herbal Medicines Pose Health Risk to Millions in Asia. TIME Health & Family Retrieved march 26, 2013 from  http://healthland.time.com/2013/03/20/herbal-medicines-pose-health-risk-to-millions-in-asia/ 

Symons, J. (2013). How safe is your herbal medicine? Express. Retrieved March 26, 2013 from  http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/385349/How-safe-is-your-herbal-medicine

Sustainable Distibution fo Essential Medicines in Emeging Makets
Business Case Backgound

The Sustainable challenge

Cuent distibution climate of Cue Phamaceutical

The gowing impotance of the emeging makets

Baies to gowth

Pocuement and Distibution

Challenge to oveall sustainability in phamaceutical companies

Patneships utilized in emeging makets and essential medicine distibution

Suggestions of patneships effective in essential medicine distibution

Data gatheing in essential medicine distibution

Sustainable distibution fo essential medicines in emeging makets

Business Case Backgound

This epot addesses the ole phamaceuticals play in emeging makets. Many people have associated these makets as havens fo explosive futue gowth, but thee ae also seious challenges to be faced. The epot will discuss what views investos, stakeholdes, and company executives hold on emeging makets. Thee ae thee pobable significant factos that may sway thei stance. Fist, the efoms ecently made by the govenment egading phamaceuticals and the obligations of multinationals esulting fom the efoms. Second, the diection that shall be taken by the expanding healthcae maket and…...

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references

(Multi-Stakeholder Toolkit, n.d), A Toolkit for Improved Understanding and Transparency of Drug Shortage Response in Canada 2013

Banks, M.A., & Persily, G.L. (2010). Campus perspective on the National Institutes of Health public access policy: University of California, San Francisco, library experience. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 98(3), 256 -- 259. doi:10.3163/1536-5050.98.3.015

Bors, C., Christie, A., Gervais, D., & Wright Clayton, E. (2015). Improving Access to Medicines in Low-Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms. The Journal of World Intellectual Property. 18, 1-28.

Cure Pharmaceutical  http://www.curepharmaceutical.com/about.html

Piscidia piscipula formerly known as Piscidia erythrina and commonly known as Jamaican dogwood or Florida fishpoison tree, is a tropical, deciduous, medium-sized tree endemic to the Caribbean, Texas, southern Florida and the Keys, and Latin America. Historic use of the herb details West Indies Natives using the extracts from the tree to sedate fish (Fetrow & Avila, 2000). The sedated fish became easy to catch by hand leading to the common name of fishpoison. In modern times, scientists have discovered use for the herb as a sedative and analgesic.
The historic use of Jamaican Dogwood has been to catch fish by hand by sedating them and other traditional uses. Because the herb has sedative and analgesic properties, people of the Caribbean used it for pain relief, aid for labor, menstruation pains, toothaches, migraines, insomnia, and asthma. They would consume it either as a tincture, as a dried product, or as an…...

Healthcare Management (discussion Questions)
Health care management (Discussion questions)

According to Stone et al. (2008) health care is the second-fastest budding sector of the American economy. Stanton (2002) argues that the discontent with the health care system is rising despite increasing health care providers. With increasing private health clinics and public hospitals, it is pertinent that health practices maintain a safe working environment. The environment should reflect a level of vigilance and compassion for patient welfare. One has to follow certain steps to come up with the best and cost effective plan. For instance, one has to ask him/herself why he/she wants to own a practice to ascertain if he/she has the entrepreneurial spirit and dedication. One must also choose a good location for practicing in terms of accessibility and visibility. One should also survey the location to determine the number of existing practices offering similar services. One has to incur numerous…...

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References

Stanton, M. (2004). "Hospital Nurse Staffing and Quality of Care." Research in Action, Issue 14. Retrieved on March 18, 2014 from  http://www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/factsheets/services/nursestaffing/index.html 

Stone, P., Hughes, R. & Dailey, M. (2008). "Creating a Safe and High-Quality Health Care Environment." Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Retrieved on March 18, 2014 from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2634/ 

Florida Optometric Association. "Health Care Clinic Establishment Permit." Retrieved on March 18, 2014 from http://www.floridaeyes.org/member-center/legal-detail/health-care-clinic-establishment-permit

Stanton, M. (2002). "Reducing Costs in the Health Care System: Learning from What Has Been." Research in Action, Issue 9. Retrieved on March 18, 2014 from  http://www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/factsheets/costs/costria/index.html

Information regarding aluminum shoeing practices and benefits is highly limited, but the research nevertheless presents an interesting and highly specific application for the type of shoe in question. In combination with other research, this study could be used to show the broader medical advantages of aluminum shoes.
uguet, E. & Duberstein, K. (2012). Effects of Steel and Aluminum Shoes on Forelimb Kinematics in Stock-Type orses as Measured at the Trot. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10 February.

This experimental research article provides the results and analysis of a direct experimental comparison between steel and aluminum horseshoes in terms of how the horses leg and specifically the horses knees move when wearing different types of shoes. The results give clear indicators for which types of performance or typical functions are best accomplished with aluminum shoes, going into a fair amount of technical detail in making this assessment. Generally speaking, a larger carpal…...

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Huguet, E. & Duberstein, K. (2012). Effects of Steel and Aluminum Shoes on Forelimb Kinematics in Stock-Type Horses as Measured at the Trot. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 10 February.

This experimental research article provides the results and analysis of a direct experimental comparison between steel and aluminum horseshoes in terms of how the horses leg and specifically the horses knees move when wearing different types of shoes. The results give clear indicators for which types of performance or typical functions are best accomplished with aluminum shoes, going into a fair amount of technical detail in making this assessment. Generally speaking, a larger carpal angle and an evident relieving of tension was observed in horses with aluminum rather than steel shoes, suggesting many different performance enhancements can be achieved with the use of aluminum shoes. This source provides very specific information that can be directly used in answering the research question.

Koepsich, W. (1996). Using Aluminum Shoes on Quarter Horses. Anvil Magazine. Accessed 22 March 2012. Perhaps the most directly and entirely on point of the resources selected, this article has a slight failing in that it does not provide direct research data in coming to the conclusions that are drawn. This is not to say that the data does not exist, and the author has been a researcher and practitioner in the field for many years and was a pioneer in the use of aluminum horseshoes (at least in the United States), however he does not present direct research results here. Instead, a brief history and extensive overview of the use of aluminum horseshoes is provided in this article, with a great deal of specific information. More research will be required to substantiate this research, but the claims provide excellent grounds for investigation and the building of a more detailed research question.http://www.anvilmag.com/farrier/usalsonq.html

e., they became helpless). Furthermore, other behaviors of the dogs were adversely affected (e.g., the dogs appeared apathetic and had poor appetites) (Hitzemann, 2000). In his essay, "Animal Models of Psychiatric Disorders and Their elevance to Alcoholism," Hitzemann (2000) reports that, "Both fear and anxiety are alerting signals that warn the individual against impending danger and enable the individual to take defensive measures. For animals, the distinctions between fear and anxiety are vague" (p. 149). The distinctions between fear and anxiety are clearly irrelevant for humans who encounter such stressed animals, though.
According to Hodge and Stull (2000), dog bites cause an average of 17 human deaths, 6,000 hospitalizations, and 330,000 emergency room visits every year in the Untied States and a like number of people probably do not seek treatment or report the incident, but may nevertheless experience psychological trauma, anxiety, and missed work or school. Furthermore, dog bites continue…...

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References

Becker, M.G., Chew, G.L., Correa, J.C., Hoepner, L.A., Jusino, C.M., Kinney, P.L., Miller, R.L., & Perzanowski, M.S. (2003). Distribution and determinants of mouse allergen exposure in low-income New York City apartments. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(10), 1348.

Boone, J.S., & Tyler, J.W. (2001). Transferable residues from dog fur and plasma cholinesterase inhibition in dogs treated with a flea control dip containing chlorpyrifos. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(11), 1109.

Chang, Y., Cohen, J.H., Hennon, D.L., LaPorte, R.E., & McMahon, J.E. (1997). Dog bite incidence in the City of Pittsburgh: A capture-recapture approach. American Journal of Public Health, 87(10), 1703-5.

Duke, M.L., & Swain, J.L. (2001). Recommendations for research on ethics in public policy from a public administration perspective: Barking dogs and more. International Journal of Public Administration, 24(1), 125.

Organization Behavior
Marketing Strategies for ODI Lens

MAKETING PLAN

Target Customers and Market Segmentation

Major Target Groups

Pricing Strategies for ODI Lens

Introduce at the minimum possible price

Convincing the potential farmers

Selling and Promotional Strategies for ODI Lens

Promotional mediums

Forecasting Unit of Sales for the Next Three Years

Optical Distortion Inc. is a small scale business corporation that manufactures contact lenses for chickens to impair their eyesight. The lenses manufactured by ODI are used by chicken farmers in order to reduce chicken cannibalization and trauma which occurs after debarking process. It also improves the feeding efficiency of the chicken farm. Optical Distortion Inc. has brought revolutionary change in the chicken farm management by replacing the traditional techniques of reducing cannibalization with the usage of ODI lenses.

ODI lens is a thin plastic or glass lens that is placed on the Cornea of a chicken's eye and restricts their eyesight. It is a proven technique of getting the maximum output and…...

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REFERENCES

Beauchamp, T.L. 1983, Case studies in business, society, and ethics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall

Clarke, D.G. 1999, Optical distortion, Inc. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing

Corey, E.R., Lovelock, C.H., & Ward, S. 1981, Problems in Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill series in marketing

Optical Distortion, 2012, About Us. Available from [Accessed June 9th, 2012]

Arizona State University (ASU) is a leading metropolitan research international institution in the United States that is committed to excellence in teaching, research, and public service. Established in Tempe in 1885 by a legislative act, ASU was initially formed as a teachers college. The core of the Tempe campus was a 20-acre cow pasture donated by leading citizens who desired an institution to educate public school teachers and offer instruction to their children in agriculture and mechanical arts.
In 2002, Michael M. Crow became the University's sixteenth president. In his inaugural address, he outlined his vision for the transformation of the school into a prototype for a new American university. This future institution will be a comprehensive research university that continues its academic excellence as well as have a strong commitment to social, economic, cultural, and environmental issues to meet the needs of the growing Phoenix area. The city has increased…...

activities since high school. Include jobs held, extra curricular activities, service, and volunteer activities, honors, and awards, any military or other service to the country and any significant periods during which you were neither employed nor enrolled in school. Also, explain in detail any two of the activities that were most meaningful to you.
If you were to meet me in my ordinary, grounded daily life, you would probably have no idea that in my not-so- copious spare time I am learning to fly a single engine airplane. Eventually, I hope to obtain my private pilot license. Yet although I have spent more than my fair share of time in the air, most of my life's work and my life's passions have remained securely grounded, focused upon helping others and communicating with others in the medical profession.

After graduating from high school, I began work at the Tug Valley Veterinarian Clinic…...

The school wants a very high level of consistency in all certified instructors and trainers that will promote the Foreman/McLoughlin system and school indefinitely, for future generations (Four-Year Program)."
The positive aspects of the Mcloughlin school are the ability f students to receive a great deal of one on one training which is made possible because the classes are small (eitinstitut Egon von Neindorff). The eitinstitut Egon Von Niendorf school is located in Germany and is the only public riding school in the world with 60 classically trained dressage schoolmasters (eitinstitut Egon von Neindorff). The article explains

The day begins at 9:00 A.M., and the hour - long lessons continue until twelve hours later. During the three - hour lunch break, the stable doors and gates are closed to visitors. When a student arrives, von Neindorff selects his or her mount. The student grooms and tacks the horse, then joins the…...

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References

Academy Introduction.  http://www.montyroberts.com/acad_intro.html 

Clinics with Frank Grelo. http://www.cedarmillsridingschool.com/

Equestrian Proficiency Course.  http://www.cadrenoir.fr/siteene/GB_SITE/courses.html 

Philosophy and Objectives.  http://www.meredithmanor.com/about/philoso.asp

Sara Gruen is a Canadian citizen, moved to United States in 1999 for a technical writing job. After she got laid off she decided to be a writer. She is an animal lover and has written famous novels Riding Lessons, Flying Changes, Ape House and Water for Elephants.
Main characters of Water for Elephants

Jacob Jankowski -- The novel's protagonist. He is a ninety or ninety-three-year-old nursing home resident who spent his life as a veterinarian in a circus during the great depression.

Rosie -- An elephant that Uncle Al bought from another circus. She understands commands only in Polish. She is the target of August's rage.

Marlena -- eautiful star performer of the circus, who fell in love with Jacob Jankowski.

August -- Head animal trainer and husband of Marlena. He is a charming and brutal both to the humans and animals.

Uncle Al -- The violent and abusive owner of the circus.

Camel -- One…...

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Bibliography:

Guen, Sara. "Water for Elephants: a novel." 2007. Algonquin Books.

O'Connor, Anahad. "Always Follow the Elephants: More Surprising Facts and Misleading Myths about our health and the World We Live In." 2009. Macmillian.

Online references:

Gruen, Sara. Web: / Date accessed 15th June 2011.http://saragruen.com/bio

detection of the Borna disease virus relating them to the epidemiology.
The first cases of Borna disease were descried in the 17-19th century in Southern Germany. It was discovered to e a fatal disease affecting the neurological systems of horses and sheep, (Ludwig et al., 1985; Durrwald, 1993) causing ehavioral and neurological symptoms. It was proven to e caused y a 2003]

Today it is eing realized that the scope of the disease is not limited to just a few countries as was previously elieved ut encompassed the world. Also it was realized that far from affecting just horses and sheep as was originally thought virus, the Borna Disease Virus (BDV) in the early 1900's y Zwick and his team in Giessen Germany. [Author not availale, it in fact affected other animals and even human eings.[Staeheli, Sauder; Schwemmle, et al., 2000]

Research into the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the BDV is impeded…...

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bibliography. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B. 44, 147-184.

3.Staeheli, P., Sauder, C. Schwemmle, M. et al.,[2000]. Epidemiology of Borna disease virus, J Gen Virol 81: 2123-2135

4.Author not available, [2003] Diagnostic Methods In Virology, accessed at  http://virology-online.com/general/Tests.htm 

5. Nakamura, K., Takahashi, H., Shoya, Y., Nakaya, T., Watanabe, M., Tomonaga, K., Iwahashi, K., Ameno, K., Momiyama, N., Taniyama, H., Sata, T., Kurata, T., de la Torre, J.C. & Ikuta, K. [2000]. Isolation of Borna disease virus from human brain. Journal of Virology 74, 4601-4611.

6. Zimmermann, W., Durrwald, R. & Ludwig, H. (1994). Detection of Borna disease virus RNA in naturally infected animals by a nested polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Virological Methods 46, 133-143

These proteins include homologous members of yeast. The presences of these proteins suggest that E. histolytica is skilled to perform homologous recombination, which is the same as in other organisms. DNA damage was evaluated by TUNEL assay. In yeast and in human cells, histone H2AX becomes rapidly phosphorylated when DSs are introduced into chromatin (Lavi et al.).
Studies show that histone as a protein plays a significant role in the transition between the expression of a fetal gene and that of the adult gene. The adult gene's metabolism becomes oxidative in order to adapt to air and to weight, as it generates methylated transmitters and creatine phosphate. The muscles get used to life on the ground as compared to the fetal life which takes place in an aquatic environment. Regulated proteins allow the muscles to respond in a more adequate manner to this environment.

Now, let us see how histone and…...

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Bibliography

Abraham, R.T. (2001). "Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases." Genes Dev 15(17): 2177-96.

Alexiadis, V., T. Waldmann, J. Andersen, M. Mann, R. Knippers and C. CGruss (2000). "The protein encoded by the proto-oncogene DEK changes the topology of chromatin and reduces the efficiency of DNA replication in a chromatin-specific manner." Genes Dev 14(11): 1308-12.

Aten, R. And H. Behrman (1989). Antigonadotropic effects of bovine ovarian gonadotropin-releasing hormone-binding inhibitor from bovine ovaries. Purification and identification of histone H2A. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 11065-11071.

Antigonadotropic effects of bovine ovarian gonadotropin-releasing hormone-binding inhibitor/histone H2A in rat luteal and granulosal cells. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 11072-11075.

Of course! Here are some potential essay topics related to the placebo effect that you could consider:

1. The history and origins of the placebo effect: Exploring how the concept of the placebo effect has evolved over time and its cultural and scientific roots.

2. The psychology of the placebo effect: Analyzing the psychological mechanisms behind the placebo effect and how factors such as expectation, conditioning, and belief play a role.

3. The ethics of placebo treatments: Discussing the ethical implications of using placebos in medical practice and research, including issues of informed consent and deception.

4. The neurological basis of the placebo effect:....

1. The ethical implications of using animals for medical and cosmetic testing
2. The impact of animal testing on endangered species
3. The effectiveness of alternatives to animal testing in scientific research
4. The psychological and physical effects of animal testing on laboratory animals
5. The role of government regulations in overseeing and monitoring animal testing practices
6. The societal benefits and drawbacks of animal testing in contributing to medical advancements
7. The perspectives of different stakeholders (scientists, animal rights activists, consumers) on animal testing
8. The global trends and regulations surrounding animal testing in different countries
9. The use of animals in testing for recreational and entertainment....

What literature exists on intestinal parasites in domestic birds in Ashanti Region, Ghana?

Introduction

Intestinal parasites are a major constraint to poultry production in Ghana, causing significant economic losses due to reduced productivity, increased mortality, and condemnation of carcasses. The Ashanti Region is one of the leading poultry-producing regions in Ghana, but there is limited information on the prevalence and diversity of intestinal parasites in domestic birds in the region. This literature review aims to synthesize the existing literature on intestinal parasites in domestic birds in Ashanti Region, Ghana, to provide a better understanding of the current situation and identify areas for....