When they went into the state of Idaho, however, they changed their approach to sourcing cattle. In this area, there were fewer cattle in general' as a result, IBP purchase a minority interest in a feedlot.
Why did the firm acquire this upstream interest in Idaho and not in other states in the Great Plains?

The profits from feedlots in case with Idaho cattle would be not so high, compared to Middle East states, as the return would be relatively low on the area with fewer cattle.

PART TWO

In the 1990s and early 21st century, several meat packing firms sought to transfer the vertical integration techniques perfected by IBP in beef to the pork industry. Using the Internet, develop a flow chart of the activities in an economic system that takes a pig from its pen to the supermarket meat case. Once you have done this, continue your research so that you…...

Vertical Inttegration
A look through Starbucks INC

The idea of "vertical architecture" defines the range or scope of a business and the level to which it remains open to intermediate and final markets. It designates the arrangements of transactional decisions along a business' value chain. A business can make or purchase inputs, as well as transfer outputs downstream, even sell them. Permeable vertical architectures represent partly open and partly integrated to the markets in connection with a business' firm value chain. Augmented permeability enables higher levels of effective use of capacities and resources. This means better matching of said capabilities with the needs of the market. Furthermore, benchmarking to augment efficiency (McNutt, 2013).

Fractional integration promotes a more creative and openly innovative platform. It improves strategic competences through the linking of key parts of a value chain. The penetrable vertical architecture, complemented by suitable incentive design and transfer prices, facilitates adequate resource…...

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References

Bainbridge, S. (2008). The new corporate governance in theory and practice. Oxford University Press: New York.

Besanko, D. (2013). Economics of strategy. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

Guidi, M. And Parisi Acquaviva, D. (2005). The Changing Firm. Milano: F. Angeli.

Jacobides, M. And Billinger, S. (2006). Designing the Boundaries of the Firm: From "Make, Buy, or Ally" to the Dynamic Benefits of Vertical Architecture. Organization Science, 17(2), pp.249-261.

It must apply the same rigor it does to evaluating its supply chain as it does to the quality of its pharmaceutical products.
Strategic inflexibility

As a company with a worldwide outreach, Abbott would benefit from leasing areas to serve as distribution hubs. This would enable it to retain close contact with both outsourced and non-outsourced segments of the supply chain, yet allow for greater flexibility and agility regarding the market situation and new opportunities. Of course, the costs of leasing must be contrasted on a cost-benefit basis with the costs of maintaining a unity.

Increased mobility and exit barriers

As demand grows more volatile, the costs of 'exiting' a particular market or area have increased. This can be difficult if a product is shown to be ineffective over time or demand decreases due to the availabilities of cheaper competitors or generics, or simply because of demographic shifts. Once again leased distribution centers…...

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Resources

Bullwhip effect. (2011). Net MBA. Retrieved August 6, 2011 at  http://www.quickmba.com/ops/bullwhip-effect/ 

Mattel outsourcing success victim. (2007). UPI. Retrieved August 6, 2011 at  http://www.upi.com/Business_News/2007/08/29/NYT-Mattel-outsourcing-success-victim/UPI-57971188426718/

Management
I wouldn't use a formal process to reconcile global integration and national differentiation. Each situation is unique, and you actually have to think each situation through on its merits, and with its own evidence. Some companies have a very decentralized structure, and thus place more emphasis on decision-making at the national level. Other companies have built their strategy on having a high level of product consistency around the world. But a company can approach different products in different ways, too. Pepsi is the same around the world, but a lot of that company's other products are handled at the national level. So you can't have a formalized process, you have to use evidence to make your decisions, and make them individually. Maybe I don't understand the question, but making decisions means gathering information and then making the decision that enhancing the value of the company the most.

Location is irrelevant. Information…...

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References

Amadeo, K. (2015). Vertical integration. About.com. Retrieved July 28, 2015 from  http://useconomy.about.com/od/glossary/fl/Vertical-Integration.htm 

QuickMBA (2010). Porter's diamond of national advantage. QuickMBA. Retrieved July 28, 2015 from  http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/global/diamond/

In terms of Shultz Steel, it prides itself on its vertical integration demonstrating how all of its products from landing gear structures (for instance) for aerospace (that include commercial and defenses airframes) to the equipment for land-based gas and turbine engines (industrial) are all produced under one roof. In this way, they say, they can guarantee 'unique levels of quality, flexibility, efficiency, and service." (Schultz Steel: www.shultzsteel.com)

Flowchart

Aerspace grade ingots

Ingots forged to Billet stock

Billets cut to Mults for forging

Mults pre-formed

Performs forced to customer requirements

Heat treatment

Machining & inspection

Delivered to customer

Stocked in inventory

Shultz 3D modeling design assistance

Performed by Shultz

Schultz rough / finish machining

Ingots punched into 'donuts' 'Donut' saddled or ring rolled

Ring rough machined

SERVICE...

IntroductionIn the contemporary epoch, marked by swift technological advancements and an unrelenting quest for efficiency, enterprises seek strategic frameworks that strengthen their operational foundations, particularly in supply chains and logistics. This analytical discourse sheds light on two principal modelsConsolidated Vertical Frameworks and Digital Facilitation Integrated Structuresthat stand out in the corporate endeavor for operational superiority. These frameworks offer distinct methodologies for organizing, governing, and enhancing various aspects of a firms supply chain activities, utilizing unique techniques and instruments to realize their specific goals. Through a detailed exploration and comparison of these models, the essay reveals their basic tenets, functional mechanisms, intrinsic advantages, and possible constraints. This exploration is expected to offer precious insights to academics, industry practitioners, and corporate decision-makers engaged in supply chain management and business strategy.Integrated Vertical StructuresIntegrated vertical structures represent a strategic approach whereby a corporation governs every operation within its supply chain or logistics framework, aiming…...

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ReferencesKnowledge Center. (2023). Vertical Integration: Definition, Examples, and Advantages. Retrieved from   T. (2011). Boundaries Matter – The Pros and Cons of Vertical Integration in BIM Implementation. In International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems (APMS) (pp. 578-585). Stavanger, Norway.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33980-6_62 Mahoney, J. T. (1992). The Choice of Organizational Form: Vertical Financial Ownership Versus Other Methods of Vertical Integration. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 559-584.Wang, E. T. G., Tai, J., & Wei, H. (2006). A Virtual Integration Theory of Improved Supply-Chain Performance. Journal of Management Information Systems.https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/vertical-integration/ Lehtinen,

Stopped
The Columbus Day has been a national holiday in the U.S. since 1937 meant to commemorate the arrival of the Italian born explorer, Christopher Columbus in the New World in October 12, 1492 opening up the region to the European word and development into what would be the current U.S. and surrounding nations. It is documented that the firs Columbus Day celebration took place in 1792 when Tammany hall held an event to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the landing of the Columbus exploration team. This celebration sparked several others across the nation in the following years where people who were proud of Columbus origin, his faith, and his catholic community started holding celebrations in his honor. Most of these were initially religious ceremonies and some forms of parades to celebrate the achievements of the explorer. It was in 1937 when President oosevelt proclaimed Columbus day a national holiday…...

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References

E&A Television Networks, (2015). Columbus Day. Retrieved October 23, 2015 from  http://www.history.com/topics/exploration/columbus-day 

The Economist, (2009). Vertical Integration. Retrieved October 23, 2015 from  http://www.economist.com/node/13396061 

The Guardian, (2015). Indigenous Peoples Day Celebrated Alongside Columbus Day in U.S.. Retrieved October 23, 2015 from  http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/oct/11/indigenous-peoples-day-columbus-day-native-americans

Integration - Causal Chains and Strategy SLP
The balanced scorecard approach is a useful tool, applicable to most organizations for identifying strategic action plans. One of the most important advantages for a balanced scorecard is that it is able to provide information in a synthetic manner, making it easy to digest for decision makers, who often don't have the time to analyze all the deeper details, especially when the decision sometimes needs to be made on the stop or in a very limited period of time.

In the case of the Cattaraugus Rehabilitation Center Mission (CRCM), a first look over the balanced scorecard gives immediate information about the strategic objectives of the organization, over four pillars: financial, customer, internal and learning. These range from containing costs and improving patient outcome to personnel objectives (recruiting and retaining the best employees) and to financial objectives such as increasing revenues.

Another argument in support of the…...

Tourism and Hospitality Industries: Management
Integration of Travel and Hospitality Companies

Vertical integration has been a major trend in corporate business in profit-based and consumer-based industries over the past several decades, particularly as more specialized and dynamic good and services are being offered with wider global distribution. There have been many examples of vertical integration in the travel and hospitality industry within the past several decades, although due to the volatility of industries based upon consumer activity with disposable income during the recession since 2008, it is a somewhat risky maneuver, particularly in the acquisition of transportation companies.

The general principle of vertical integration, however, leads to greater profit margins as two or more related ventures are purchased by the same entity, thus lowering overhead and eliminating external expenditure. Vertical integration is particularly of benefit for the development of travel and hospitality packages that seek to offer savings to customers in order to…...

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References

Hargrave, A. (2011)"The Ownership of Travel and Tourism Organisations: Takeovers"  http://www.bized.co.uk/educators/1619/tourism/business/activity/ownership.htm 

George Lafferty, Anthony van Fossen, Integrating the tourism industry: problems and strategies, Tourism Management, Volume 22, Issue 1, February 2001, Pages 11-19.

John Tribe, The competitive, technological, political and sociocultural environment, The Economics of Recreation, Leisure and Tourism (Fourth Edition), Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2011, Pages 173-204.

Ludwig Theuvsen, Vertical Integration in the European Package Tour Business, Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 31, Issue 2, April 2004, Pages 475-478.

Enterprise Integration Act of 2002 and SCM
How will setting supply chain standards improve supply chain management?

The Enterprise Integration Act of 2002 was initiated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) with the goal of helping companies coordinate supply chain information exchange and improve efficiencies (Thibodeau, 2002). The need for standardization stemmed from soaring costs and lengthy design and transaction timelines -- just a few of several challenges revealed in a1999 study conducted by the NIST. The study estimated that the auto industry alone would see $1 billion in annual supply chain savings with improved enterprise integration (Yimin et al., 2011). Enterprise integration refers to seamless electronic integration along a vertical supply chain (Thibodeau, 2002).

Manufacturers in today's marketplace require flexibility, adequate time to respond to shifts in customer preference, and efficiency (Jett, 2008). Today, more customized and specialized products are necessary to meet fluctuating consumer demands. Streamlining information exchanges…...

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References

1. Jett, Q. (2008). Mastering the Supply Chain. Electric Perspectives, 33(3), 62.

2. Thibodeau, P. (2002). Supply Chain Standards Up for Federal Funding. Computerworld, 36(42), 6.

3. Yimin, W., Gilland, W., & Tomlin, B. (2011). Regulatory Trade Risk and Supply Chain Strategy. Production & Operations Management, 20(4), 522-540. doi:10.1111/j.1937-5956.2010.01167.x

Integration in the CI/HUMINT Community
An Analysis of the Benefits of Integration in the CI/HUMINT Community and Strategies for Effective Implementation

Shea Larson

The success of any counterinsurgency operation depends largely on the effectiveness and appropriateness of intelligence gathered. Human subjects are a crucial source of intelligence for counterinsurgency operations. Several years back, the U.S. Armed Forces opened up opportunities for women to occupy specific positions in counterintelligence/human intelligence (CI/HUMINT) discipline. However, women still remain underrepresented in the same, and researchers remain largely divided on whether their participation in the same ought to be increased. esearchers have raised concern that the decision to integrate women into HUMINT units could cost the country dearly in the long-term as it is likely to ruin unit cohesion and impede on overall effectiveness. Proponents of the whole idea of integration have, however, argued that the inclusion of women in HUMINT units will actually enhance the units'…...

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References

Alderman, M. I. (1993). Women in Direct Combat: What is the Price for Equality? School for Advanced Military Studies Monograph, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

Al-Ali, N. & Pratt, N. (2009). What Kind of Liberation: Women and the Occupation of Iraq. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Bartone, P.T. Johnsen, B.H. Eid, J. Brun, W. & Laberg, J.C. (2002). Factors Influencing Small-Unit Cohesion in Norwegian Navy Officer Cadets. Military Psychology, 14(1), 1-22.

Beal, D.J. Cohen, R.R. Burke, M.J. & McLendon, C.L. (2003). Cohesion and Performance in Groups: A Meta-Analytic Clarification of Construct Relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (6), 989-1004.

Pharmaceutical industries have to operate in an environment that is highly competitive and subject to a wide variety of internal and external constraints. In recent times, there has been an increasing trend to reduce the cost of operation while competing with other companies that manufacture products that treat similar afflictions and ailments. The complexities in drug research and development and regulations have created an industry that is subject to intense pressure to perform. The amount of capital investment investments required to get a drug from conception, through clinical trials and into the market is enormous. The already high-strung pharmaceutical industry is increasingly investing greater amounts of resources in search of the next "blockbuster" drug that can help them gain market position and profits. Laws, regulations and patents are important to the industry while spending billions of dollars in ensuring the copyright of their products.
It is the intention of this thesis…...

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Bibliography

Ansoff, H.I. (1957). Strategies for diversification. Harvard Business Review, 35(5), 113-124.

Ansoff, H.I. (1965). Corporate Strategy. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Ashour, M.F., Obeidat, O., Barakat, H., & Tamimi, A. (2004). UAE Begins Examination of Patent Applications. Tamino.com. Retrieved January 18, 2004, from the World Wide Web:  http://www.tamimi.com/lawupdate/2001-01/intprop.htm 

Bain, J.S. (1954). Economies of scale, concentration, and the condition of entry in twenty manufacturing industries. American Economic Review, 44, 15-36.

Another reason why corporations choose to hold cash balances in a centralized repository is that the variety of accounts can be better managed as a mutual fund more complex investment structure than would be the case if the subsidiary alone managed the funds. A greater quality of information is available for example in the leading financial centers globally that would otherwise not be the case in more remote regions, making it possible to make more informed and correct decisions (Mitsos, 1997). The accuracy, efficiency and speed of decision-making based on more efficient use of information has led to more advanced forms of cash management than would have been the case on a per-subsidiary level (Fresard, Salva, 2010). Lastly, by having a centralized depository of cash for all subsidiaries, firms can hold less accumulated total cash, freeing up financial resources for other investments (Fresard, Salva, 2010). Companies become more efficient at…...

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References

Elliott, Graham, & Bewley, Ronald. (1994). The transmission of monetary policy: The relationship between centralized depositories and Monetary policy. Economic Record, 70(208), 19.

Fresard, L., & Salva, C.. (2010). The value of excess cash and corporate governance: Evidence from U.S. cross-listings. Journal of Financial Economics, 98(2), 359.

Hill, C.W.L. (2011). International business: Competing in the global marketplace (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Nicholas Mitsos. (1997, November). Virtual Group Treasury. TMA Journal, 17(6), 24-30.

The company owns one of the world's most recognizable luxury car brands. ithout catering to the mass market, BM holds a 2% market share in the U.S. (all Street Journal, 2009), which constitutes a much higher market share in the luxury segment. This competitive advantage is necessary because the luxury car segment has long relied on track records of excellence -- the long history and enormous strength of the BM brand supports its luxury positioning (Franzen, 2007). The company is successful without having to move into the "cost leadership" segments of the market.
3. Bridgestone is highly oriented to vertical integration. The company produces its own rubber, in order to match the specifications for its tires. Bridgestone therefore keeps its production and product development functions in-house. This allows the company to have a high degree of uniformity in its products.

The company performs inbound logistics and operations, primarily. It is also…...

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Works Cited:

No author. (2009). Market data center: Auto sales. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 15, 2009 from  http://online.wsj.com/mdc/public/page/2_3022-autosales.html 

Franzen, G. (2007). BMW: the most admired car brand in the world. Cool Brands. Retrieved November 15, 2009 from http://85.17.192.207/coolbrands/dmdocuments/ecbmw.pdf

Second, Iowa City had quick connections with State level disaster response crews that allowed for quick clean-up and rebuilding. They also coordinated with outside communities to provide shelter and other basic needs through local Red Cross organizations.
On the other hand the small, rural community of Holy Cross, also hit by a severe storm, was not as well prepared to respond. The main reason for this lack of efficient response was because of a lack of a centralized network. Due to the small size of the city, there is no permanent emergency relief plan. The community's response was reactionary and thus took longer and was very unorganized. Much of the response came from the State.

ibliography

Stehr, Steven D. (2002): "Community Recover and Reconstruction Following Disasters," Handbook of Crisis and Emergency Management. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc....

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Bibliography

Stehr, Steven D. (2002): "Community Recover and Reconstruction Following Disasters," Handbook of Crisis and Emergency Management. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.

Corporate level strategies are long-term plans and initiatives that are formulated by the top-level management of a company to achieve the overall goals and objectives of the organization. These strategies are designed to provide a direction for the company as a whole and guide decision-making across all business units and functions.

Some common types of corporate level strategies include:

1. Growth strategies, which involve expanding the company's market share, entering new markets, or introducing new products or services
2. Diversification strategies, which involve entering new industries or markets that are different from the company's core business
3. Vertical integration strategies, which involve....

Corporate-Level Strategies: Aligning Business Activities for Growth and Competitiveness

Corporate-level strategies are overarching plans that guide the direction and scope of a corporation as a whole. They determine the organization's long-term goals, shape its competitive landscape, and allocate resources to achieve those objectives. Corporate-level strategies provide a framework for decision-making and ensure alignment between different business units and functions.

Types of Corporate-Level Strategies

Several types of corporate-level strategies exist, each with its own set of objectives and implementation methods:

1. Diversification:

Related diversification: Expanding into new businesses or products that complement existing operations to create synergies and reduce risk.
Unrelated diversification: Venturing into businesses....

Business Level Strategies

Business-level strategies are plans and approaches that companies adopt to gain a competitive advantage within their specific industry or market segments. They focus on optimizing operations, differentiating products or services, and targeting specific customer groups to achieve profitability and growth.

There are three main types of business-level strategies: cost leadership, differentiation, and focus.

1. Cost Leadership

Definition: Cost leadership is a strategy that aims to achieve the lowest possible production costs in an industry. Companies that pursue this strategy focus on maximizing efficiency, reducing expenses, and optimizing supply chain management.

Advantages:

Lower production costs lead to higher profit margins.
High market share....