Unemployment Issues in the U.S.
There many factors and issues that relate to the unemployment situation in the United States. This paper delves into the unemployment data over the past ten years, and examines the economic conditions that create large numbers of unemployed persons. The paper also looks at the various approaches to unemployment -- the Keynesian viewpoint and the classical viewpoint vis-a-vis unemployment -- and provides scholarly narratives on the subject.

Unemployment between the years 2003 and 2013

Department of Labor statistics are quite different from the data used by the Gallup organization -- due to the fact that the DOL apparently, in addition to phone interviews, uses data supplied by employers (which makes the percentages of unemployed persons lower) and the federal data is seasonally adjusted. According to the DOL, in December 2002, the unemployment was at 5.6%; in December 2003, the unemployment rate was 5.6% (Bureau of Labor Statistics --…...

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Works Cited

Blinder, Alan S. (2008). Keynesian Economics. Library of Economics and Liberty. Retrieved February 8, 2013, from  http://www.econlib.org .

Jain, TR. (2003). Macroeconomics and Elementary Statistics. New Delhi, India: FK

Publications.

Marlar, Jenny. (2012). U.S. Unadjusted Unemployment Shoots Back Up. Gallup. Retrieved February 8, 2013, from  http://www.gallup.com .

Unemployment in the Labour Market Is Primarily Voluntary
talk about Keynesian theory, classical theory, new classical theory, new Keynesian theory,

neo-classical theory also mention the game theory, Marxian theory, natural rate of unemployment, and the rational expectations role. Please use graphs as well to explain

Unemployment is a particularly high topic in the news at the moment with the recession seemingly refusing to come to a stop and the number of people losing their jobs growing rather than declining. As with all issues, there is a remarkable amount of debate regarding the issues that stimulate this crescendo of unemployment. Classical economics and neoclassical economics both argue that classic market mechanisms such as that of Adam mith are reliable means of economic health and government intervention / interference stimulates unemployment. They oppose theories that argue for interventions imposed on the labor market from the outside, such as unionization, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other…...

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Sources

The Classical Theory. Cliff's Notes

<  http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/The-Classical-Theory.topicArticleId-9789,articleId-9741.html >

Keynesian Economics The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics.

Game theory. Economics Online.

Unemployment in the ecent ecession: A Comparison of Cyclical and Marxian Theories
The recent (or ongoing) recession has affected the entire globe, though some countries have been harder hit than others. In the United States, unemployment hit higher levels than it has seen in quite some time -- more than doubling at the depth of the recession in 2010 from its pre-recession low (in the current decade) in 2006 and 2007 (USBLS, 2012). Understanding unemployment during a time when money is tight and business is slow might seem easy ("it's the economy, stupid!"), but there are actually many competing or alternate theories of unemployment. At times these theories come into direct conflict with each other, with different explanations offered for the same set of circumstances or trends, yet this does not necessarily mean that different theories or types of unemployment are mutually exclusive -- some are just applicable to specific circumstances.…...

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References

Blaug, M. (2007). Economic Theory in Retrospect. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Schiller, B. (2006). Essential of Economics. New York: McGraw Hill.

USBLS. (2012). Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey. Accessed 6 May 2012.  

Unemployment Insurance
Purpose of unemployment insurance

Unemployment insurance is schemes under which people that have the capacity to be employed and are out of employment because of reasons that they can control or simply not their fault. It is meant for people that are available for work and they continue to seek paying jobs actively.

In order for one to get the unemployment compensation they should meet unemployment eligibility requirements for what they were earning or the time they worked at an established over one year.

On the other hand there are circumstances that might disqualify a person from getting the unemployment benefits, these include when one quits without a good cause, when they are fired due to misconduct, if they have resigned due to some illnesses, if they are involved in some labor dispute and so on (Oregon State Bar, 2013).

Unemployment insurance ensures that people falling in the above brackets are compensated for…...

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References

Fletcher, A, M. & Hedgpeth, D, (2010). Are Unemployment Benefits no Longer Temporary. New York Times. Retrieved March 24, 2013 from  http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/08/AR2010030804927.html?sid=ST2010030900022 

Oregon State Bar. (2013). Unemployment Insurance Compensation. Retrieved march 14, 2013 from  http://www.oregonstatebar.org/public/legalinfo/1099_UnemploymentComp.htm

Unemployment UK
According to the Office of National Statistics, the unemployment rate in the UK currently sits at 8%, the highest figure since 1994. The unemployment rate has been in a range between 7.5% and 8.0% since early 2010. The current trends show that youth unemployment is at its highest level since 1992 and that there is no end in sight for the unemployment problem in the UK (Office for National Statistics, 2011). These figures do not include those who are considered inactive -- not actively seeking work. Their numbers have increased as well, to 23.3% of the working age population.

Office for National Statistics

This paper will analyze the current unemployment problem. It is understood that the current problem is related to the recent recession, as the unemployment rate spiked during and after the recession phase. Some of the causes will analyzed, and the paper will then conclude with an outline of…...

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Works Cited:

About.com. (2011). What are the three types of unemployment? About.com. Retrieved March 22, 2011 from  http://economics.about.com/od/typesofunemployment/p/three_types_of_unemployment.htm 

BBC. (2009). UK in recession as economy slides. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved March 22, 2011 from  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7846266.stm 

Bloomberg. (2011). UK government bonds. Bloomberg. Retrieved March 25, 2011 from  http://www.bloomberg.com/markets/rates-bonds/government-bonds/uk/ 

Buckle, E. & Fraher, J. (2011). Osborne cuts 2011 UK economic growth outlook to 1.7% in budget. Bloomberg. Retrieved March 25, 2011 from  http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2011/03/23/bloomberg1376-LIICUO07SXKX01-7C1I79CD9KLQQ1NK5H5G41BO2J.DTL

The strong economy of the late 1990s has helped improve the weaknesses in the labor market (ernstein and Houston, 2000). As unemployment rates dropped, crime rates responded as predicted by economic theory. One recent study revealed that the decline in unemployment resulted in a 30% decrease in crime rates from 1992 to 1997. In addition, a review of unemployment, wages, and crime rates by region shows unemployment and crimes rates falling together.

According to ernstein and Houston (2000): "As long as crime persists, strong crime prevention measures will be necessary. That is why labor markets, especially low-wage labor markets, can make a difference. To lift the economic prospects of all low-wage workers is not only a worthy economic and social goal; it is one that will pay off in the long run by offering potential criminals a legitimate alternative to crime."

As a result of the U.S. chronic unemployment issue, many people…...

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Bibliography

Allegretto, Sylvia. Stettner, Andy. (March 4, 2004). Educated, experienced, and out of work. Economic Policy Institute Issue Brief #198.

Bernstein, Jared. Houston, Ellen. (July, 2000). What we can learn from the low-wage labor market. Economic Policy Institute Journal.

Cotis, Jean. (October, 2005). Economic Survey of the United States. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.

Mathers, S. (1998). The health consequences of unemployment:the evidence. American Medical Journal168: 178-82.

62. Over the last 12 months, wages rose 3.7%, meaning paychecks are probably trailing inflation, said Lynn Reaser, chief economist at Bank of America's Investment Strategies Group." It can be assumed that this will lead to decreased spending by consumers.
The fact that wage rate increase is not staying up with the level of inflation along with the slow down in new jobs may have an additional effect on the lack of consumer spending and sluggish markets when it is coupled with the increasing price of gasoline. "Oil price, which hit a record high of more than $75 a barrel in late April, are now hovering above $71 a barrel. Gasoline prices have topped $3 a gallon in some areas" (Aversa).

The rate of unemployment also has a substantial relationship with the gross domestic product. Because people are anticipated to spend less money on goods in the near future, businesses will start…...

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Works Cited

Associated Press. U.S. Economy Loses Steam. CBS NEWS.com. June 2, 2006.  http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/05/05/business/main1591439.shtml 

Aversa, Jeannine. Job Growth Slows; Unemployment Rate Drops. Forbes.com. June 2,  http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2006/06/02/ap2790533.html

With the clear decline of crime-related activities in New York City, it can be easily inferred that unemployment rate started to decline also. This is based in the regression analysis from a different study that shows that as the trend in property crime rates goes down (from 1979 to 1997), the unemployment rate goes down with it.

Trends in Adjusted Property Crimes

Standardized Wages and Unemployment ate

Source: Gould, Weinberg, and Mustard, 2002

Analysis

With high unemployment rate, it would mean that a lot of people are stressed. They will be stressed to find for possible means to earn a living that will help provide foods in the table and pay for the basic needs of the family. If there will be no employment opportunities, then a unemployed person will resort to using other means such as robbery or stealing, hold-ups and the likes. More so, some unemployed people will be too stressed to think…...

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Reference List

Bureau of Labor Statistics.  http://www.bls.gov /lau/lacilg05.htm

Durose, Matthew and Langan, Patrick. 21 October 2004. "The Remarkable Drop in Crime in New York City." Bureau of Justice Statistics. U.S. Department of Justice.

Morgan Quitno Press. "12th Annual America's Safest and Most Dangerous Cities. www.morganquitno.com

The New York Beacon. 22 December 2004. "New York City crime rate hits historic low." Smith Haj Group.

It showed that financial hardship which is as a result of plant closing was the main factor in negative effect on family life, Broman, Hamilton, & Hoffman, (1990). Individuals who experienced loss of jobs were more likely to face financial hardship. It argued that financial hardship was the strongest intervening variable within the relationship between unemployment and family stress and conflict.
As financial hardship level rise, so does tension and conflict level rise between family members. In order for human services to alleviate the negative effects of unemployment they may be required to concentrate on maintenance of the income all through the period of unemployment. This problem of unemployment which results to stress and conflict in the family can also be minimized through ignoring unemployment compensation and concentrating on public works.

However, public works are not enough, since a new super highway within Oklahoma cannot provide work to the unemployed worker…...

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Reference

Broman, C.L., Hamilton, V.L., & Hoffman, W.S. (1990). Unemployment and its effects on families: Evidence from a plant closing study. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18, 643-659. Retrieved November 24, 2011 from  http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/mfr/4919087.0002.207?rgn=main;view=fulltext 

Elder, G.H., Jr., & Caspi, A. (1988). Recent research on the psychological effects of unemployment. Journal of Social Issues, 44(4), 25-45.

Grayson, P.J. (1985). The closure of a factory and its impact on health. International Journal of Health Services, 15, 69-93.

Hakim, C. (1982). The social consequences of high unemployment. Journal of Social Policy, 2, 433-467.

Sometimes, unemployment precipitates a change in career for practical purposes or even the complete abandonment career goals when the need to earn a paycheck outweighs the need to develop along-term profession. Whereas older workers have already established a career to which they could return, when young people change careers early in life, that choice tends to dictate the course of their professional lives much more profoundly.
There are also negative consequences associated with unemployment among young people that pertain to personal health, happiness, and longevity. High rates of unemployment among young people is responsible for their continued dependence on parents and family long after they would otherwise have begun establishing independent lives of their own. In addition to the disruption of life for parents, this contributes to low self-esteem and lower levels of confidence among young workers even after they do eventually find employment. Young people who experience unemployment are…...

Unemployment is a troubling problem that affects every area of the economic sector. In times of economic turmoil, unemployment rates typically increase for workers from all industries, influenced by a number of economic indicators, including consumer confidence, inflation, government spending, and economic growth.
As economic conditions decline, businesses of all types are affected, and as a result, they must cut costs, often in the form of job cuts. Unemployment results in a number of economic and emotional consequences for those affected. The following discussion will distinguish between two types of unemployment and its various causes as well as the influence of the events of September 11 and afterward that have resulted in higher rates of unemployment across the United States.

Causes of Unemployment

In the fourth quarter of 2002, unemployment rates soared to 6%, the highest jobless rate since 1995 (Cooper 25). Despite promising indicators that an improvement will be seen in the…...

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Works Cited

Cooper, J., & Madigan, K. "A 'jobless recovery?' Not this time." Business Week 20 May 2002: 29-30.

Cooper, J., & Madigan, K. "Why cutting unemployment will be one tough job." Business

Week 23 Dec 2002: 25-26.

Mandel, M., Thornton, E., Anderson Forest, S., Park, A., Elgin, B., & Haddad, C.

Unemployment is considered to be a lagging indicator, but even so it would seem that the unemployment rate should be dropping faster than it is, now that economic recovery is underway. The current unemployment rate in the United States is 7.3%, up from 7.2% the month previous but otherwise at the lowest level since late 2008. This level is much higher than the pre-recession norm of 5% or lower
Whether unemployment is lagging too much or not is a question that cannot be answered without a benchmark. We know that the stock market is a proxy for economic activity, but as a leading indicator it is quite removed from the unemployment rate. Furthermore, many U.S. companies do a lot of business internationally. The success of Starbucks in China will move the stock but has nothing to do with U.S. unemployment. So GDP tends to be one of the best benchmarks for…...

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Linda Levine, "Economic Growth and the Unemployment Rate," Congressional Research Service, January 7, 2013, accessed December 3, 2013, ?

 http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R42063.pdf 

BEA, "National Income and Product Accounts," Bureau of Economic Analysis, November 7, 2013, accessed, ?   "newTurabian" ?http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/gdpnewsrelease.htm 

When food and energy -- two especially volatile and important price categories -- are removed from the picture however, prices actually rose two tenths of one percent in March. This is another sign that things are far more complicated than they seem.
ccording to the most recent news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 299,388 worker lost their jobs in 2,933 mass layoff events (where fifty or more employees were let go from a single employer). This is one hundred and sixty four more mass layoff events than occurred in February, and the number of individual claims that has come as the result of these layoffs has increased by 3,911 -- this is not the number of claims, but the additional number of claims made in March as compared to February. This is also over one thousand more layoff events than occurred in the same month last year, corresponding…...

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Adding to all of this complex (and admittedly oversimplified) interaction is the factor of inflation. One common measure of inflation is the Consumer Price Index, which actually dropped by one tenth of one percent in March when compared to February. Prices dropped slightly in February also, and through most of the last quarter of 2008, but rose significantly in December and January. When food and energy -- two especially volatile and important price categories -- are removed from the picture however, prices actually rose two tenths of one percent in March. This is another sign that things are far more complicated than they seem.

According to the most recent news release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 299,388 worker lost their jobs in 2,933 mass layoff events (where fifty or more employees were let go from a single employer). This is one hundred and sixty four more mass layoff events than occurred in February, and the number of individual claims that has come as the result of these layoffs has increased by 3,911 -- this is not the number of claims, but the additional number of claims made in March as compared to February. This is also over one thousand more layoff events than occurred in the same month last year, corresponding to 137,891 more associated unemployment claims. The total unemployment rate of eight-and-a-half percent compares to a five percent rate for March of last year.

Not everyone who isn't working is unemployed; the working definition of unemployment is someone who is of age and skill to be employed, and who wishes and needs to be employed (i.e. does not have a spouse/parent/child/other supporting them), but who cannot find a job. Inflation is basically the rise in the cost of goods. Generally, some inflation is a good thing -- people make more money, which means they are paid more to produce things, which means the prices of these things go up, which means people need to make more....it is a normal part of the cycle. When things get out of whack, however, inflation can rise too quickly. The government could try -- and is, in fact -- to use macroeconomic policy to address these issues. Keeping the cost of energy lower could increase business, but a lot more change is needed to turn things around and create more jobs, and this might have to take place on a micro level.

Unemployment rate in the United States has fluctuated between nine and ten percent for well over two years now ("Labor Force Statistics"). That rate is more than double what it was a mere ten years ago, putting millions more Americans on the unemployment compensation rolls. More alarming than the numbers is the general feeling of pessimism that has enveloped the country as the population wonders when the economy might turn around. To most of the unemployed there appears to be no end in sight. Many of these unemployed are not even receiving any unemployment compensation from the government. At the end of March 2011, only 5.8 million of the estimated 13.2 million unemployed were collecting unemployment insurance (Hagenbaugh).
Of course these statistics were key components of the 2008 election won by Barack Obama. All candidates realized the importance of the economy in the election and each drew up a plan to…...

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Works Cited

"Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey." Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S.

Department of Labor, 10 Nov. 2011. Web.

Hagenbaugh, Barbara. "Many of the Jobless Get No Unemployment Benefits." USA Today.

9 April 2009. Web. 10 Nov. 2011.

The problem to be solved was not a shortage of goods, but rather a shortage of spending.
Some has dismissed these principles largely on the basis that governments cannot run deficits indefinitely or because in doing so they are sacrificing growth in later years, resulting in a trade-off that negates today's benefits with tomorrow's debt repayments. I do not inherently agree with such arguments, because the time value of money suggests that future repayments are perhaps not as onerous as they may seem today. Moreover, if we are to have anything of a welfare state, then deficit spending to create private sector employment will have a positive affect on GDP.

Juxtaposed against Johnson's portrayal of the Soviet economic model, it would stand that Johnson takes his views about creating employment in Manchester and Salford more from the idea that public employment can be sustained indefinitely, for the benefit of all. I…...

When most people think about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economics, they think of it as being purely destructive.  While there can be no doubt that the COVID-19 pandemic has created economic uncertainty in many sectors, leading to a loss of production and high unemployment rates in many areas, it cannot be ignored that the pandemic has also led to new opportunities for certain businesses.  Understanding those opportunities may be critical to the overall recovery of the global economy, as those industries that have experienced gains determine how to leverage them in a way that....

I do not agree with the statement that opposition to the Weimar government from 1924-1929 was harmless. There were several significant opposition groups during this period that posed threats to the stability and functioning of the government.

Firstly, right-wing extremist groups, such as the Nazi Party led by Adolf Hitler, emerged during this time and gained considerable support. These groups vigorously attacked the Weimar Republic, spreading their ideologies of racism, anti-Semitism, and authoritarianism. Their opposition was far from harmless, as they organized violent activities, attempted coups, and disrupted the political process. The Beer Hall Putsch in 1923, led by....

Title: The Rise of Political Discontent and Economic Transformation: Analyzing the Emergence of New Dynamics in the 1993 Canadian Federal Election

Introduction:
The 1993 Canadian federal election marked a pivotal moment in Canadian political history, characterized by a significant shift in the political landscape and the emergence of new electoral dynamics. This thesis aims to explore the emergence of these dynamics, focusing on the interplay between political discontent, economic transformation, and the rise of new political parties. It will investigate how these factors contributed to the electoral outcomes and reshaped the Canadian political landscape.

1. The Rise of Political Discontent:
a) Decline of Traditional....

Title: The Opioid Epidemic: A Multifaceted Crisis with Profound Social, Economic, and Public Health Implications

Introduction:
The opioid epidemic has become a significant public health crisis in the United States, causing widespread devastation and claiming countless lives. This essay aims to explore the multifaceted nature of the opioid epidemic, delving into its social, economic, and public health implications. By analyzing the causes, consequences, and strategies for addressing this crisis, we can gain a deeper understanding of its impact on individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole.

1. Historical and Cultural Context:
The opioid epidemic has deep-rooted historical and cultural origins. Understanding the evolution....