Backing
Many organizations have suggested that humans' actions can significantly reduce environmental problems. According to the orld ide Fund for Nature, even small lifestyle changes can significantly impact the environment. Some of the small lifestyle changes that the Fund recommends include saving water, recycling, and turning off electrical equipment when it is not being used ("How You Can Help the Environment"). Because humans cause some of the environmental problems by refusing to take these precautions and because taking precautions like these can help solve environmental problems, Christians have responsibility to act. Bohlin calls that duty sacred, and suggests that Christians are commanded to take care of the "earth and its creatures." Carmical adds to this argument by suggesting that scriptural reference for Christians' responsibility to the environment comes in Genesis. He argues that God gave man "dominion over the earth," which means that while humans' needs are more important than nature's,…...
mlaWorks Cited
Bohlin, Ray. "Christian Environmentalism." Leadership U. 14 July 2002. 29 October 2008. http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/ecology.html .
Carmical, Casey. "Christianity and Environmentalism." Casey's Critical Thinking. 2008.
29 October 2008. http://www.hoshuha.com/articles/environmentalism.html.
Global Warming." The Environment: A Global Challenge. 1999. 29 October 2008. http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Environmental_Problems/global_warming.html.
Specific Supports: Chang uses a few statistics as specific support such as by stating that "half of all Asian-Americans intermarry," and that Asian-Americans have the highest median income of all ethnic groups in the United States including Caucasians (p. 3). Supports are both factual and opinionated.
arrants: arrants include the following. First, race exists. Chang claims that American culture is race-conscious even if race does not exist scientifically. Second, ethnicity and/or race are integral to identity formation. Most Americans are conscious of their race or ethnic identity and use that to create in-group relationships and to define themselves. The extent to which Americans are race-conscious may be far greater than in other societies because of the unique immigrant experience in America. Third, American society assumes a dichotomy between assimilation and ethnocentrism. Finally, many Americans may assume that Asians are a "model minority."
Rebuttal: Citing Liu, Chang shows that many scholars believe that…...
mlaWork Cited
Chang, Yahlin. "Asian Identity Crisis."
Toulmin-Based Argument in Support of Pet Adoptions From Shelters
More people who want pets should adopt them from shelters because many unwanted animals are being destroyed each year in favor of purebred species obtained from other sources which provide their operators with a profit. The worth of the lives of these otherwise-doomed animals, though, far outweighs the individual pet-owning preferences of owners and no animal should be destroyed in favor of one that is bred for sale. Certainly, as discussed further below, this does not mean that individual pet-owners do not have a right to choose what type of animal they want for their families, but it does mean that more emphasis needs to be placed on pet adoptions from shelters to save as many animals from destruction as possible. In fact, some American communities have gone so far as to adopt a "no kill" policy in their pet shelters that…...
mlaReferences
Boks, E. (2005, May). Carrot & stick. Vegetarian Times, 331, 54.
Cherry, R. (2007, April). Puppy love. Vegetarian Times, 349, 78-79.
Fine, A.H. (2006). Handbook on animal-assisted therapy: Theoretical foundations and guidelines for practice. Boston: Elsevier/Academic Press.
Guither, H.D. (1998). Animal rights: History and scope of a radical social movement.
Toulmin Argument on American Families
Up to 30 years ago, divorces were difficult to obtain and were very rare in American society. However, in 1969, the advent of no-fault divorce laws caused a spike in divorce rates. Qualifier follows- This paper argues that if the United States wants to preserve the traditional ideals of the American family, (claim follows) -- the no fault divorce laws must be repealed.
Support #1 follows -- The no-fault divorce laws have caused an alarming spike in the divorce rate. In a statistical study, researchers found an estimated.8 point average increase in the divorce rate after the no fault divorce laws were enacted. The 1970s saw a "divorce boom," when the divorce rate more than doubled. In fact, the divorce rates in the states that have adopted no fault divorce laws were much lower than their no-fault counterparts (Nakonezny, Shull, and Rodgers).
The ease of obtaining divorces has…...
mlaWorks Cited
Connelly, Erin. "Like a stone is tossed in water, there's a ripple effect." The Atlanta Journal Constitution. October 29, 2000. Proquest Database.
Goldberg, David. "Haunted by divorce." The Atlanta Journal Constitution. October 15, 2000. Proquest Database.
Miller, Toby. "30-year-old still feels 7-year-old's anguish." The Atlanta Journal Constitution. October 29, 2000. Proquest Database.
Nakonezny, P.A., Shull, R.D., & Rodgers, J.L. "The effect of no-fault divorce law on the divorce rate across the 50 states and its relation to income, education, and religiosity." Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1995: 57. Proquest Database.
Toulmin Model and Sherlock Holmes
The Toulmin Model of argumentation asserts that a good argument consists of six parts which intend to develop a practical argument. The first element is the "claim," or the conclusion that the argument must establish. The next part is the "data," or the facts and evidence collected and used to confirm the argument. In order to support the data, general, hypothetical, or logical statements are used, these are called "warrants." A good argument should limit itself to what can be proven and so it requires "qualifiers" which restrict the argument to a point where it can be supported by facts. In order to support the warrants made during the argument, sometimes "backing statements" are used to add credence to the statements made during the argument. These backing statements may not directly support the claim, but should always support the supporting warrants. Finally, since there are always…...
Toulmin's Model of Argument Analysis
Connection of Wilsonian and Hamiltonian Traditions
Hamiltonians is the first U.S. secretary of Treasury who believes that the central purpose of American foreign policy is to promote foreign trade as well as securing a stable national market economy. On the other hand, Wilsonians doctrine states that the promotion of international law involves using the World Court and United Nations for the promotion of permanent international peace. Kettl, (2015) points out that the Wilsonian and Hamiltonian traditions frame the classical approach of American public administration, which practitioners develop towards the end of the 20th century. Kettl, (2015) connects the Wilsonian and Hamiltonian traditions by combining the strong administration with classical approach. Hamiltonian tradition focuses on executive leadership principles using the top-down authority to enhance control and efficiency. However, Wilsonian tradition argues that managers can apply their functions within the scope of American constitutions to enhance efficiency.
2.Kettl's Evaluation…...
mlaReference
Kettl, D.F. (2015). The Transformation of Governance: Public Administration for the Twenty-First Century. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lowi. T.J. (1993). Legitimizing Public Administration: A Disturbed Dissent. Public Administration Review. 53(5):261-264.
Denhardt, J.V. And Denhardt, R.B. (2011). The New Public Service: Serving, Not Steering. Armonk, (3rd edition). NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Quinn, R.E., Faerman, S.R., Thompson, M.P. et al. (2011). Becoming a Master Manager: A Competing values Framework. (5th edition Hoboken) NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
4). He then goes on to give examples and states that almost all of the great executives he has worked with throughout his business career used swear words. Lochhead also mentioned that a study conducted in 2007 found that teamwork can be inspired through swearing. He illustrates these findings by sharing a personal story. He was giving a speech to over 1,000 salespeople and the crowd roared with approval when he said, "e are not participating in this f*cking recession!" These examples warrant his argument because they counter the mainstream belief that only uneducated, rude, and ignorant people use such language. Instead, his evidence shows that the use of swear words can have an energizing and positive effect on the people who are being addressed and can portray a sense of power and control for the people who are swearing. Lochhead uses a number of words which may be…...
mlaWork Cited
Lochhead, Christopher. "In Praise of Cussing." CBSNews.com 9 July, 2009
Toulmin Model Argument About the Environment
God has obviously put the human beings in a status of having full responsibility over the establishment. In bible in the section called Genesis 2:15 mentions "And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made."(2) It is understood that everyone produced are a part of God's contribution to the earth (3) and that all of those that are individuals living on this planet are responsible to take care of it. In Deuteronomy it says "A land that the Lord your God cares for. The eyes of the Lord your God are always upon it, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year." This verse clearly explains that God commands us to take charge over the formation in a way that endures, protects,…...
mlaReferences
Guth, J.L. (2005). Faith and the environment: religious beliefs and attitudes on environmental policy. American Journal of Political Science, 19, 364-382.
Hitchcock, D. (2005). Good reasoning on the toulmin model. Argumentation, 21(6), 45-46.
Merritt, J. (2010). Green Like God: Unlocking the Divine Plan for Our Planet. New York.
Voss, J.F. (2005). Toulmin's model and the solving of ill-structured problems. Argumentation,, 9(2), 21-23.
Toulmin Model argument in response to one of the following prompts:
• What specific action(s) should Christians take regarding the environment and its preservation or restoration?
Active in 15 countries, "Target Earth" is a group of individuals, churches, college fellowship and various ministries that are Christian protectors for everything that God created. The group feeds the hungry, saves endangered animals, rebuilds forests, and serves as active voice for environmental concerns. The groups mission is "erving the Earth, erving the Poor," which defines their connection of Christianity to environmentalism as they see it (Target Earth.com).
The news media is full of warnings that deal with environmental issues of one kind or the other be it global warming, endangered species, extinction of the rain forest, pollution, nuclear accidents, and so forth. The Christian community seems to apply less attention to these issues than they do to others. It may be because we regard these…...
mlaSources
Beisner, E. Calvin. (1990) Prospects for Growth: a Biblical View of Population, Resources, and the Future. Westchester, Ill.: Crossway Books,.
DeWitt, Calvin B., Ed. (1991) The Environment and the Christian: What Can We Learn from the New Testament? Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House,.
Yahoo Voices, Simple Steps to Help the Environment
health care in the United States has been the source of heated debate for a number of years. Although the publicity surrounding the issue has been considerable and made to look like it is a recent problem facing the nation, the problem, in reality, has been on the horizon for nearly a century. During President Woodrow Wilson's administration, efforts were unsuccessfully made to pass national legislation regarding the delivery of health care in the United States and the issue has appeared periodically on the national agenda ever since (Lepore, 2009). Finally, on March 23, 2010, among massive controversy, the Affordable Care Act, through the massive efforts of the Obama administration, became law.
Despite the passing of the Affordable Care Act, health care in the United States remains dismal for a large percentage of American citizens. Although there were a number of significant provisions in the Act that took effect nearly…...
mlaReferences
Anderson, R.M. (2001). Improving Access to Care in America. Los Angeles: University of California.
Boehm, G. (2005). Debunking Medical Malpractice Myths: Unraveling the False Premises behind Tort Reform. Yale Journal of Health Policy Law & Ethics, 357-369.
Lepore, J. (2009, December 7). Preexisting Condition. The New Yorker .
Shi, L. (2003). Delivering Health Care in America: A Systems Approach (3rd Edition). Burlington, VT: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
However, a consideration of each element of that argument reveals that it is a flawed position.
The most effective way of preventing minors from obtaining marijuana would be for government authorities to regulate and control its lawful distribution. There may be now way to ever guarantee that minors will not obtain marijuana, but that problem would be comparable to the current problem of minors obtaining alcohol and cigarettes. Given the choices, it would be preferable for government authorities to do their best to control unauthorized purchases the way the government regulates alcohol and tobacco instead of allowing illegal drug dealers to determine who purchases their products. The characterization of marijuana as a "gateway" drug is biased because it assumes that neither alcohol nor tobacco is a "drug" (Dershowitz, 2002). In fact, there is no rational basis for excluding alcohol or tobacco in that regard, particularly because, statistically, both are "gateway"…...
mlaSources Cited
Dershowitz, Alan, M. Shouting Fire: Civil Liberties in a Turbulent Age. New York:
Little Brown & Co. 2002.
Schmalleger, Frank. Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century.
New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 2008.
economic burden Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The research arguable issue yield a 1000-1200 words. All work local (USA) global.
The economic burden of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder has been discovered relatively recently, meaning as such that progress has yet to be made in terms of treatment and management. Additionally, research is also yet to be exhaustive, as numerous aspects of the affection remain uncharted.
One important aspect of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is represented by the economic cost of the affection, revealed at multiple levels, such as the cost for the healthcare system, as well as the costs for the family. The current project assesses this issue through the lenses of the research that has already been conducted on the topic, in an effort to centralize and conclude upon the matter. The means in which this endeavor would be addressed is that of the Toulmin Method.
Background
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity…...
mlaReferences:
Bernfort, L., Nordfeldt, S., Persson, J., 2007, ADHD from a socio-economic perspective, Foundation Acta Paediatrtica
Daley, D., Birchwood, J., 2009, ADHD and academic performance: why does ADHD impact on academic performance and what can be done to support ADHD children in the classroom, Child: care, health and development
Matza, L.S., Paramore, C., Prasad, M., 2005, A review of the economic burden of ADHD, last accessed on March 30, 2012http://www.resource-allocation.com/content/3/1/5
Weida, S., Stolley, K., Organizing your argument, Owl Purdue, / last accessed on March 30, 2012http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/588/03
A stronger argument would have galvanized one or both of these groups. The group should have been identified and an argument developed around some sort of common trait among the group members.
One of the most glaring weak points of this argument is the lack of conflict. The author fails to convey a sense of outrage about the status quo that he feels needs to be changed. There are no entrenched interests that must be dislodged. Without this sense of conflict, no solution either disruptive or constructive can be proposed. This perhaps is why the solution proposed at the article's closing is so uselessly vague -- there is no conflict to be resolved so no particular need for a strong resolution to be called for.
Instead, this argument is effectively egocentric. The author apparently wants something changed, but does not take the time to inform the audience about the issue, nor…...
LEGALIZING PROSTITUTION IN THE U.S.A.
The topic I have chosen to discuss is the legalization of prostitution in the United States of America. y prostitution, I refer to an act where money is exchanged for rendering sexual services. Presently, 49 states out of 50 in the United States have banned prostitution withonly some forms of it allowed in a few areas of Nevada. This is not the case in all developed countries. Some places in Europe such as Holland, have legalized itand are regulating it through relevant legislature by the government.
My main stance on the topic is that these countries are not worse off than the U.S.A. In terms of the expected negative societal effects of prostitution such as human trafficking, rape etc.In fact on a closer introspection it may be that this ban is causing more harm to the community rather than benefits. For example, the number of rapes that…...
mlaBibliography
Feingold, D. (2005). Human Trafficking.Foreign Policy.Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/30048506?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101769414447
Langer, G. (2004). Poll: American Sex Survey. ABC News Online. Retrieved from: http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/News/story?id=156921&page=1
O'Brien, E. (2011) Fuelling traffic: abolitionist claims of a causal nexus between legalized prostitution and trafficking. Crime, Law and Social Change. Retrieved from: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/48254/.
The Economist. ( 1998, Feb 12). Giving the customer what he wants. Retrieved from: http://www.economist.com/node/113208 .
In short, providing transit using the current paradigms and strategies is unsustainble. Transit's success depends on the ability of planners to make the lives of travelers worse off by making it harder to get around, restricting housing choice and type, and subjecting people to all manner of externalities and lifestyles they routinely choose to avoid in the current housing market place (e.g., small homes, urban noise, and air pollution" (Stanley 2007).
Facts and figures publication of the Road Information Program, a Mobility omparison of Investments in Highways and Mass Transit, notes that Despite a 148.8% increase in operating subsidies between 1980 and 1990, mass transit was unable to increase its share of the nation's PMT. In fact, between 1980 and 1990, mass transit's share of the nation's passenger miles of non-marine, surface transportation decreased from 1.43% to 1.27%...total PMT provided by mass transit exceeded 1% of total transportation in only 10…...
mlaConclusion
From the evidence in this paper, mass transit is important for long-run economic growth and less traffic. This can be shown in many cities where the economic cost of the commuting time is huge. By eliminating issue, it would bring a significant improvement in the economy's efficiency and modern day continence. The economic and military power of a nation has been closely tied to efficient methods of transportation since it provides access to natural resources and promotes trade. A nation can gain wealth and power by increasing the use of mass transit since it allows the movement of soldiers, equipment, and supplies so that a nation can wage war. "Metra ridership grew by about 15% between 1985 and 1995.... Generally, all Metra zones have been experiencing steady growth since 1985.... Ridership in zones a and B (combined) increased by about 800,000 annual riders between 1990 and 1994. These are the zones closest to the CBD. This 14% increase may be due to switching of CTA (Heavy Rail) passengers to Metra to benefit from better fares and a better passenger environment." (Weyrich and Lind). Furthermore, it has become apparent that reliable transportation allows a population to expand throughout a country's territory without being traffic congested.
Mass Transit
1. Should social media platforms be held responsible for monitoring and removing hate speech?
2. Is the death penalty an effective deterrent for violent crime?
3. Should college athletes be paid for their performance?
4. Are stricter gun control laws necessary to reduce gun violence?
5. Should the government provide free healthcare for all citizens?
6. Is climate change a result of human activity?
7. Should the minimum wage be increased to a livable wage?
8. Is affirmative action still necessary in today's society?
9. Should standardized testing be the primary measure of student achievement?
10. Is privacy in the digital age a fundamental human right?
11. Should the use....
Sure! Here are some potential essay topics that could be explored using the Toulmin argument framework:
1. The effectiveness of gun control legislation in reducing crime rates.
2. The impact of social media on mental health and well-being.
3. The importance of implementing sustainable practices in combating climate change.
4. The ethical implications of genetic engineering and designer babies.
5. The debate over the legalization of recreational marijuana.
6. The necessity of implementing stricter regulations on technology companies to protect user privacy.
7. The effectiveness of affirmative action policies in promoting diversity and equality in the workforce.
8. The role of government intervention in regulating the food and....
Toulmin Argument
Toulmin's model of argumentation offers a structured framework for constructing and evaluating arguments. It consists of six elements:
Claim: The proposition being argued.
Data: The evidence supporting the claim.
Warrant: The reasoning that connects the data to the claim.
Backing: The evidence supporting the warrant.
Qualifier: A term expressing the level of certainty or probability assigned to the claim.
Rebuttal: A statement acknowledging and addressing counterarguments.
Selecting Essay Topics
To select essay topics that cover Toulmin argument, focus on topics that require you to:
State a clear claim: Identify a proposition that you can support with evidence.
Gather and analyze data:....
Crafting a Persuasive Thesis Statement
A thesis statement is the cornerstone of a persuasive essay, articulating the central argument and guiding the entire piece. Crafting a strong thesis statement requires careful consideration and understanding of the topic, evidence, and persuasive techniques.
Understanding the Thesis Statement
A thesis statement is a concise and declarative sentence that expresses the writer's main argument or position on a specific topic. It should be:
Specific: Focused on a particular issue or aspect of the topic
Arguable: Contestable and supported by evidence
Assertive: Clearly states the writer's opinion or argument
Components of a Persuasive Thesis Statement
A persuasive thesis....
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