Threat Assessment
South America's very old, biggest, most competent, and well- equipped rebellion having Marxist origin is the evolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - FAC. The uproar and clashing in the 1950s involving liberal and conservative militias lead to the civil war that demolished Columbia and from here FAC came into existence. The murder of liberal party leader Jorge Eliecer by the representatives of the conservative government ignited the battle between the Liberal and Conservative political parties. The consequent civil wars lead to the loss of over 200,000 Columbians and generated a glut of guerrilla groups. One of those groups, lead by Manuel Marulanda, split from the Liberals in 1966 and developed into the Marxist-oriented FAC. (FAC History)

Identify the group by name and country in which based. If there is no one country, state the countries in which the group is operative, or the region.

a. Stated goals and objectives of the…...

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Resources) Some medical care and advice is offered by Cuba. A court case is presently happening in Bogota to check whether three members of the Irish Republican Army, detained in Colombia in 2001 upon quitting the FARC-controlled demilitarized zone, supplies sophisticated explosives education to the FARC. The FARC and the Colombian National Liberation Army (ELN) frequently use the border area for cross border invasions and makes use of the Venezuelan territory near the border as a refuge. (Terrorist Group Profiles, 2003)

d. Spiritual or religious support.

Could not find any information.

e. Umbrella or cover organization, if any.

As per Colombian intelligence agencies, the FARC was implementing the techniques studied from a yet another terrorist cluster, namely, the Irish Republican Army. (One year after Sept. 11, U.S. And Colombia face parallel challenges)

" (Vossekuil, orum, Fein, and Reddy, 2008) Stated to be an example of inductive assessment strategy is that of profiling. Profiling involves a description of the 'typical perpetrator' being compiled through use of characteristics that previous perpetrators of that specific type of crime have met. This profile is then used as a template or prototype for comparison of individuals who are believed or suspected to be a potential perpetrator.
In contrast, the process of threat assessment is deductive on a fundamental level and has as its focus primarily the 'facts of the particular case in question to guide inferences about whether the person is thinking about, planning, or building capacity for a violent act. The threat assessment approach emphasizes close examination of the progression of ideas and planning behaviors over time and corroboration of information gathered in the case from multiple sources in contact with the potential perpetrator." (Vossekuil, orum, Fein,…...

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Bibliography

Baehler, Aimee and Somerlot, Douglas K. (2005) Security and Disaster Preparedness: A Collaborative Process between State and Federal Courts. Aug 2005. The Justice Management Institute. Denver Colorado. www.jimjustice.org.

Renfroe, Nancy a. And Smith, Joseph L. (2008) Threat Vulnerability Assessments and Risk Analysis. 24 May 2008. Applied Research Associates. Online available:  http://www.wbdg.org/resources/riskanalysis.php 

Vossekuil, Bryan, Borum, Randy, Fein, Robert, and Reddy, Marisa (2008) Preventing Targeted Violence against Judicial Officials and Courts. United States Secret Service. Online available at:  http://www.secretservice.gov/ntac_aapss.shtml 

Form for 1.2.1 National Sheriffs' Association Physical Security Checklist (nd) Online available at: http://www.ncsconline.org/D_Research/TCPS/Forms/Form_121.pdf

For example, the motorized wheelchair elevator of the transport vehicle may take equally long in both directions but the protectee need not be on scene while the elevator platform descends. By delaying the exit of the protectee from the departure location until the transport vehicle elevator is already in the down position and prepared for immediate ascent, the protection agent can reduce the protectee's exposure my more than half in comparison to positioning the protectee outside the transport vehicle while the wheelchair lift elevator descends into the bottom position. The prospect of protecting a wheelchair- bound protectee necessarily adds at least one agent to the protective protocol because an agent (rather than a non-agent assistant or nurse) must control the wheelchair; but the rear position eliminates that agent from any traditional position as a protective shield.

Medical Considerations:

In general, protectees with delicate medical conditions who require perpetual care necessarily multiply the…...

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References

Freeh, L. (2005). My FBI: Bringing Down the Mafia, Investigating Bill Clinton, and Fighting the War on Terror. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Kessler, R. (2002). The Bureau: The Secret History of the FBI. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Security Planning
Threat Assessment

Controversy Surrounding the Client

This client is not the typical, everyday individual. He is an outspoken controversial white supremacist who often engages in blatantly controversial public behavior. The client is also planning to meet with the press and speak his mind regarding the recent charges brought against him involving murder and violation of civil rights. He is currently out on a $1 million bond and going through a criminal court case. As such, he is hated by many within the larger Southern California community, considering that the city is largely made up of large minority populations. Although the client lives in Laguna Beach, a wealthy suburban offshoot of Los Angeles just to its south, the region is still easily accessible from the city. This means that minority and civil rights groups may all be a threat to his security and his estate, as they may be looking for…...

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References

Fennelly L.J., (2004). Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention. Elsevier Butterworth. Oxford:UK.

Vellani, Karim H. (2010). Crime Analysis for Problem Solving Security Professionals in 25 Small Steps. Center for Problem-Oriented Policing. Web.  http://www.popcenter.org/library/reading/pdfs/crimeanalysis25steps.pdf

Liaison
The security industry has in the recent past experienced a shift towards the Hybrid approach in which contractual agency and the client create a synergy. This approach has gained considerable attention in the recent past and is commonly known as engaged liaison. Engaged liaison is defined as a security system in which the client company and the contractual agency work in collaboration to meet specific security goals and objectives (Fischer, Halibozek & Walters, 2013). Through this process, the engaged liaison creates a hybrid security system in which each of these parties have some responsibilities relating to security activities and objectives. Security managers believe that an engaged liaison is the answer to modern security challenges because it enables relevant agencies to work together toward accomplishing specific security-related objectives.

The significance of this approach is also evidenced in its creation of an organizational structure with enhanced capabilities to hire specific expertise. Additionally,…...

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Reference

Fischer, R.J., Halibozek, E.P. & Walters, D.C. (2013). Introduction to security (9th ed.). Waltham, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.

TEOIST THEAT ASSESSMENT Terrorist Threat Assessment: White SupremacyIn its September 2021 report to the House of epresentatives Committee on Oversight and eform, the FBI acknowledged that the greatest terrorism threat in the US is posed by small cells and lone actors who use easily accessible weapons to attack soft targets (FBI, 2021). The main manifestations of these threats are Homegrown Violent Extremists (HVEs) and Domestic Violent Extremists (DVE) arising domestically (FBI, 2021). HVEs are influenced or inspired by foreign terrorist groups although they do not have direct links or receive individualized orders from these groups (FBI, 2021). Conversely, DVEs commit acts of terrorism to further certain political or social goals arising from domestic issues, such as anti-government sentiments and ethnic or racial bias (FBI, 2021).DVEs who act in furtherance of ethnic or racial goals are referred to as MVEs (acially or Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremists) (FBI, 2021). According to the…...

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ReferencesAnti-Defamation League (ADL) (2017). Funding hate: How white supremacists raise their money. Author.   League (ADL) (2020). Murder and extremism in the United States in 2020. Author.  https://www.adl.org/murder-and-extremism-2020 Byman, D. L., & Pitcavage, M. (2021). Identifying and exploiting the weaknesses of the white supremacist movement. Brookings.  https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Identifying-and-exploiting-the-weaknesses-of-the-white-supremacist-movement.pdf Congress Report (2020). Confronting violent white supremacy: White supremacy in blue. The infiltration of local police departments. Report of the House Oversight and Reform Committee. https://www.congress.gov/event/116th-congress/house-event/LC65641/text?s=1&r=1 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (2019). Confronting violent white supremacy: Examining the Biden’s administration’s counterterrorism strategy. Author.  https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/testimonies/witnesses/attachments/2022/08/11/2021.09.29_testimony_brad_wiegmann_timothy_langan_re_white_supremacy.pdf Mulligan, K., Steele, B., & Clark, S. (2021). A national policy blueprint to end white supremacy violence. American Progress.  https://www.americanprogress.org/article/national-policy-blueprint-end-white-supremacist-violence/ Perrigo, B. (2020). White supremacist groups are recruiting with help from Coronavirus and a popular messaging app. Time Magazine.  https://time.com/5817665/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-white-supremacist-groups/ . Smith, A. (2019). Feminist Theory Reader (5th ed.). Routledge. https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/adl-report-funding-hate-how-white-supremacists-raise-their-money.pdf Anti-Defamation

Since access to the site is significantly restricted, the probability of external threat not highly likely. However, the fact that only two guards are stationed at the access gate, leaving the rest of the surrounding perimeter somewhat vulnerable, could provide more access to the site than is desirable. The building itself is, however protected by alarm systems, which contributes to a lower level of vulnerability. The vulnerability level is therefore set at "moderate," which amounts to 2.
Probability refers to the likelihood that a negative event may occur. While external access and night access to the building is significantly restricted, internal threat as a result of grieved or greedy personnel members, or as a result of spy infiltration is somewhat likely. The probability level is therefore set at "high," which is 3.

It follows that the level of criticality is also set at "highly critical;" while no loss of life is…...

According to an article entitled "Three Vulnerability Assessment Tools Put to the Test"
Vulnerability assessment systems scan operating systems and applications for potential problems, such as the use of default passwords or configurations and open ports. This can give administrators a head start in fixing problems and will, hopefully, let IT organizations more effectively beat bad guys to the punch."

The above factors are only true when vulnerability systems find all the problems that may be present in an application.

Research has often demonstrated a gap between the best vulnerability assessment tools and the weaknesses in a test network. However IT employees who are responsible for securing IT assets will find the use of a vulnerability assessment tool beneficial even if all it does is eliminate some of the monotonous work they are confronted with.

When vulnerability assessment tools were first made available, scanning was the primary method utilized. However, today there are…...

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James M. Snyder. Online Auction Fraud: Are the Auction Houses Doing All They Should or Could to Stop Online Fraud. Federal Communications Law Journal. Volume: 52. Issue: 2. 2000. Page Number: 453.

20 EBay Security and Resolution Center.  http://pages.ebay.com/securitycenter/stop_spoof_websites.html08/16/03 

Identifying Phishing or Spoofed E-mails.  http://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?ie=UTF8&nodeId=15835501

Sport Stadium Risk Assessment
Sport venue management face challenges in determining the level of a potential threat (Hall). Risk must be identified, measured, and evaluated to be effectively managed. It should include assessments for threats, vulnerabilities, and criticalities for information that helps to protect critical assets, physical and human, against terrorist attacks and other threats, such as fan behavior that can cause harm to others or physical assets. Protection measures can include access control, use of CCTV security cameras, adding lighting, performance of background checks, credentialing, checking backpacks, enhancing communication networks, as well as developing and updating emergency response and evacuation plans.

There are three types of risks that need to be assessed. Mission risk prevents the organization from accomplishing goals and missions. Asset risk can harm physical assets. And, security risks can potentially cripple actual data and people. These risks are identified by surveys, inspections, employee interviews, and the involvement of…...

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Bibliography

Hall, S., Marciani, L. Cooper, W.E., & Rolen, R. "Introducing a Risk Assessment Model for Sport Venues." The Sport Journal, 10(2), ISSN: 1543-9518 (2007). Retrieved from  http://www.thesportjournal.org/article/introducing-risk-assessment-model-sport-venues .

Hall, S., Marciani, L., & Cooper, W. "Sport Venue Security: Planning and Preparedness for Terrorists-related incidents." The Smart Journal, 4(2) (Spring/Summer 2008). Retrieved from  http://www.thesmartjournal.com/venues.pdf .

Criminal Justice and Intelligence: ILP Assessment 6-10Learning Task: Week 6Confidential informants are sometimes the criminals themselves who collaborate with the police or the intelligence departments in return for a favor (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2018). The favors are usually in the form of reduced jail sentence time or immunity from court prosecution later. Also, they could be honest citizens who truly want to help the betterment of society. However, those who are criminals belong to an already established criminal culture and know other criminals inside out (Geberth, 1979). They are a relevant source to an ongoing investigation that police and intelligence departments use for solving a pending case.The exchange of information for the benefits these criminals desire is an apt way of collaborating to penetrate deep into the criminal subcultures. Some detectives have registered confidential informants who are motivated enough to provide inside information (Geberth, 1979). Still,…...

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ReferencesBlanks, J. (2018, October 16). Criminally confidential. Democracy Journal.   of Justice Assistance. (2005, September). Intelligence-led policing: The new intelligence architecture.  https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/bja/210681.pdf Bureau of Justice Assistance. (2008). Reducing crime through intelligence-led policing.  https://bja.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh186/files/Publications/ReducingCrimeThroughILP.pdf  Byrne, J. & Marx, G. (2011). Technological innovations in crime prevention and policing: A review of the research on implementation and impact. Journal of Police Studies, 3(20), 17-40. Fernandez, P. & Takei, C. (2019, February 25). The use of ‘confidential informants’ can lead to unnecessary and excessive police violence. ACLU.  https://www.aclu.org/issues/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police/use-confidential-informants-can-lead-unnecessary-and Geberth, V.J. (1979). Confidential informant. Law and Order, 27(6), 26-41. Gkougkoudis, G., Pissanidis, D. & Demertzis, K. (2022). Intelligence-led policing and the new technologies adopted by the Hellenic police. Digital, 2(2), 143-163.  https://doi.org/10.3390/digital2020009 Homel, R. & Homel, P. (2012). Implementing crime prevention: Good governance and a science of implementation. In B.C. Welsh & D.P. Farrington (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Crime Prevention (pp. 423-445). Oxford University Press. Mashiloane, P. (2014). The use of intelligence-led policing in crime: Prevention by the South African police service [Doctoral dissertation, University of South Africa]. Core U.K.  https://core.ac.uk/download/43174519.pdf Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. (2017). OSCE guidebook intelligence-led policing.  https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/d/3/327476.pdf Ratcliffe, J.H. (2010). Intelligence-led policing: Anticipating and influencing action. IALEIA Publication.  https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.364.6795&rep=rep1&type=pdf United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2018, May). Informants.  https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/organized-crime/module-8/key-issues/special-investigative-techniques/informants.htmlhttps://www.cato.org/commentary/criminally-confidential Bureau

This is also known as a vulnerability assessment (Shimonski, 2005).
Enlisting senior management support so that security is taking seriously within the organization and so that employee and manager alike understand the value of assets and the seriousness threats that may exist (Shimonski, 2005; Schwartz, 2003).

Establish a security budget so that from year to year an organization has the finances necessary to deal with security threats as they occur but also take measures to prevent security issues (Shimonski, 2005; Garcia, 2000).

Create a task force that can respond successfully and expediently to security emergencies (Shimonski, 2005). Along these lines a security breech plan of action should be developed and all employee informed of the proper steps to take if a security breech occurs.

Establish a recovery plan that will help protect assets. This should include establishing back up so a company has somewhere to go and can restore systems should an attack…...

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References

Darlington, Y. & Scott, D. (2002). Qualitative research in practice: Storms from the field. Crows Nest, Allen & Unwin.

Garcia, M.L. (2000 - Jun). "Truth & Consequences." Security Management, 44(6): 44.

Grassie, R.P. (2000 - Nov). "Are companies properly addressing threats?" Security

Management, 44(11): 146.

Physical vulnerabilities, such as users who leave their systems running while still logged in can also create security concerns, even in the case of a secure system. hile systems should have automatic log-outs after a specific period of time, it is impossible for a system to be totally secure if it is being used by an employee who does not follow proper security protocols.
Question 4: Identify five (5) important documentation types necessary for the assessment and explain why they are important.

Network-based testing tests "components of application vulnerability assessment, host vulnerability assessment, and security best practices" ("Security assessment questionnaire," CMU, 2011). It is used to "assess the ease with which any outsider could exploit publicly available information or social engineering to gain unauthorized access" from the internet or intranet due to weak encryption, authentication, and other vulnerabilities ("Security assessment questionnaire," CMU, 2011).

Host-based assessment evaluates the "the health and security of…...

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Works Cited

Brandt, Andrew. "How to stop operating system attacks." 2009. PC World. [1 Nov 2011]

 http://www.pcworld.com/article/157821/how_to_stop_operatingsystem_attacks.html 

"Security assessment questionnaire." Carnegie Mellon University. [1 Nov 2011]

Retrieved November 1, 2011 at  http://www.cmu.edu/iso/service/sec-assess/Assessment%20Questionnaire.doc

These are most likely to be experienced in Middle East and Africa in almost the same magnitudes/levels of severity.
Public disorder and domestic extremism are most likely to affect companies operating in Middle East as compared to the ones operating in Africa

How the threats presented affect operations such as shipping, personnel security, and business continuity.

The threats presented above are most likely to presented affect operations such as shipping, personnel security, and business continuity in various ways. Terrorism for instance is most likely to disrupt supply chain/logistics of the company. It can also threaten the personnel thereby directly interfering with the business continuity of the given business. The level of terrorism could be too high to bear and this might force the company to close shop or relocated to other less risky environments. Crime such as piracy has a more direct influence on the business continuity and operation costs of the…...

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References

Burns, L (2011). Toward a Contemporary Definition of Terrorism.Available online at  http://forumonpublicpolicy.com/vol2011no3/archive/burns.pdf 

Gunaratna, R (2006). Terrorism in Southeast Asia: Threat and Response. Center for Eurasian Policy Occasional Research Paper Series II (Islamism in Southeast Asia), No. 1.Available online at http://counterterrorismblog.org/site-resources/images/Gunaratna-Terrorism%20in%20Southeast%20Asia-Threat%20and%20Response.pdf

Hubbard, Douglas (2009). The Failure of Risk Management: Why it's Broken and How to Fix it. John Wiley & Sons. p. 46.

Price Waterhouse Coopers (2008). A practical guide to risk assessment*. How principles-based risk assessment enables organizations to take the right risks.Available online at   management/assets/risk_assessment_guide.pdf'http://www.pwc.com/en_US/us/issues/enterprise-risk 

Treatment of Criminal Offenders
As a clinician, how can you apply the knowledge you gained from this course to more effectively serve your clients?

A connection has been established by researchers between brutal and violent susceptibility to impair a particular area of the brain. Till date, several evidence, have assisted to bring into limelight the shady aspect of human attitude and might pave the way for important interference. For instance, several types of spontaneous aggression might be a result of defective balancing of emotion within the prefrontal cortex of the brain, the centre of superior intellectual activities like judgment, analysis and substantial control of impulses. The degree of malfunctions in the core circuits of the brain related to aggressive behavior and if these circuits are capable of being repaired is of course debatable. esearchers have mentioned that individuals inclined to violence have structured blueprints in the brain that can be reported…...

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References

Allen, Harry E; Simonsen, C.E. (1998) "Corrections in America" New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Gendreau, P & Goggin, C. (1996) "Principles of Effective Programming with Offenders" Forum on Corrections Research, Volume: 8; No: 3, pp: 38-40.

Hoge, R.D. & Andrews, D.A. (1996) "Assessing the Youthful Offender: Issues and Techniques" New York: Plenum.

Jacobs, B. L; Azmitia, E.C. (1992) "Structure and function of the brain serotonin system" Physiological Reviews. Volume: 72; pp:165-229.

Therefore, today's society in the United States is diverse, which is something a social worker needs to understand and know how to deal with each diverse group. Furthermore, through research, it has been discovered most ethnic groups that live in the United States consist of young people, which means by staying in this country, they grow accustom to their surroundings. Once they have grown accustom to living here, they feel like this is their home to start a life with their own families. This continues the growing number of ethnic groups in this country.
Due to the educational accommodations that schools and college campuses make for students that have ethnic backgrounds, there is not enough prejudice of one group to let a Holocaust to occur in the United Stated. Furthermore, this country believes in freedom of speech to allow one ethnic to be isolated from the rest and condone any…...

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References

Dennen, Johan. THE 'EVIL' MIND: PT. 3. CRUELTY AND 'BEAST-IN-MAN' IMAGERY. Retrieved March 30, 2008, from http://rechten.eldoc.ub.rug.nl/FILES/departments/Algemeen/overigepublicaties/2005enouder/EVIL_CRU/EVIL_CRU.pdf

Citrome, Lesilie,. (2007). Aggression. Retrieved March 30, 2008, from  http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3005.htm 

Hall, Kathy Jo. (1997). Carl Rogers. Retrieved March 30, 2008, from  http://aolsearch.aol.com/aol/search?query=Throughout+this+Jim+knocks+the+clay+figurines+head+of+and+crushes+the+body+while+shouting&invocationType=spelling 

Seal, B., A. Bradford, and C. Meston. 2009. The Association Between Body Esteem and Sexual Desire Among College Women. Archives of Sexual Behavior 38, no. 5, (October 1): 866-72.   / (accessed April 1, 2010).http://www.proquest.com.library.capella.edu 

Captivating Essay Topics on AI Detection

1. The Future of AI Detection: Unveiling the Promise and Perils

Explore the transformative potential of AI detection in various fields, including healthcare, security, transportation, and finance.
Discuss the ethical implications and potential risks associated with the widespread use of AI detection systems.
Analyze the societal impact of AI detection, considering its potential to enhance human capabilities and replace human jobs.

2. Exploring the Depths of AI Detection Techniques: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Beyond

Examine the fundamental principles and algorithms of machine learning and deep learning as applied to AI detection tasks.
Compare and contrast....