Language & Intelligence in Psychology
The author of this report is to answer to two general questions relating to psychology and how much (or little) it interweaves with thinking, language and intelligence. Indeed, being able to process information and being able to prod patients in the right way is important. The first question to be answered is how important thinking, language and intelligence are to the field of psychology. The second question is why and how this topic is relevant one's chosen major or concentration and/or future career goals. While thinking, language and intelligence are sometimes overblown, there is no doubt how important it is how important those things are to operating as a psychologist or in the general psychology field.

Analysis

When it comes to language, the class text speaks volumes about language when it speaks about language. Constructing one's speech properly relating to syntax, tone, terms used and so forth…...

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References

APA,. (2015). Intelligence. Retrieved 17 April 2015, from  http://apa.org/topics/intelligence/index.aspx http://www.apa.org.

Feldman, R., & Feldman, R. (2011). Essentials of understanding psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.

In a world that favors early adopters and revolves around the latest technology, individuals will be better served if they continue to seek out learning opportunities after their formal education has ended. Local governments and communities should provide these opportunities through libraries, universities and community centers. The skills gap applies to all.
Conclusion

Although people are defined by their different skill sets and this diversity enhances the richness of life in America, it is also clear that some skills are more important than others. If young people aspire to be successful adults, they must gain the skills they need to succeed in higher education, and those higher education skills must then translate into useful skills for the workforce. Focusing on process and information application, rather than restricting curricula to the collection of facts and information, is a critical step for successful learning. Integrating business leaders in the effort of re-defining critical…...

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Bibliography

American Society for Training and Development 2006. 'Bridging the Skills Gap: How the Skills Shortage Threatens Growth and Competitiveness and What to do About It' Alexandria, VA.

Daggett, Willard R. 'Jobs and the Skills Gap. International Center for Leadership in Education' Rexford, N.Y. Available at: www.state.me.us/education/diploma/jobsandskills.pdf

'Job Skills Checklist', Purdue University. Available at:  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/626/01/ 

National Education Association 'Statement of Principles: 21st Century Skills and the Reauthorization of NCLB/ESEA'. Available at: http://www.nea.org/home/17154.htm

Skill Building
The course work has immensely improved my reading, writing, and thinking skills. Prior to reading the course materials, there were established beliefs on certain issues and interest in me. For example, the issue of racism and health care was a matter that had always caught my attention, because of my Hispanic heritage. acism was a topic of concern and interest, but I was never a victim of any form of racism. Therefore, from the beginning, I was not in a position to fathom the ordeal and experiences minorities go through because of racism. It is through reading, writing and analytical thinking of articles that I appreciated this social dynamic. It has always been difficult for me to explain and imagine that I could be a victim of racism.

After this course, I am able to use my reading skills that have improved and increased my reading speed and comprehension.…...

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References

Bond J. & Bond S. (1994). Sociology and Health Care. NY: Churchill Livingstone.

Parks, J.A. & Wike, V.S. (2010). Bioethics in a changing world. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Wilson, W.K. & Kass, L.R. ( 1998).The ethics ofHuman Cloning.New York: AEI Press.

thinking is multi-faceted. As president and founder of Compass, a real estate company in Italy, my approach needed to be multi-demensional in nature. For one, Italy has high debt burdens which are often financed through governments and large corporations. Starting a real estate company therefore was challenging as I had to analyze the potential market in a manner that was unconventional. In many areas, particularly in the United States, commercial real estate is often driven by consumer demand. In Italy however, the exact opposite it true. Through my analytical ability, I was able to successfully navigate through nearly 5 years of recession like macroeconomic cycles. In addition, I was able to deliver profits that exceed nearly 60% of my peers in the industry.
Prior to my experience in Italian real estate, I accepted a role as a consultant at AB Studio Inc. This position, much like the real estate position…...

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References:

1) Production Information: a code of procedure for the construction industry Construction Production Information Committee, 2003 BS 7000-4:1996 Design Management Systems

Maps to increase comprehension for ESL's
English as a Second Language Learner

The academic achievement gap between linguistic minority groups and other students is a persistent problem for the American public school system (Thernstrom and Thernstrom, 2003). The pattern of underachievement and a high school dropout rate for Hispanic/Latino students among immigrant groups is particularly pronounced (Wong Fillmore & Meyer, 1992) Of the school-aged English Language Learner (ELL) population, 73% come from Spanish language backgrounds (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002), and their test results in reading are of particular concern as literacy skills are the building blocks for academic achievement. The gap between the test scores of Hispanic/Latino students and white students is a well documented phenomenon, existing throughout grades K-12 in both reading and mathematics (National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), 2003). According to the NCES (2000), 44% of foreign-born Hispanics fail to complete high school. A much lower percentage of…...

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References

Alper, L. & Hyerle, D (2006). Thinking Maps: A language for leadership. Cary, NC: Thinking Maps.Inc.

Anderson, S., Yilmaz, D., & Washburn-Moses, L. (2004). Middle and high school students with learning disabilities: Practical academic interventions for general education teachers -- A review of the literature. American Secondary Education, 32(2), 19-38.

Ausubel, D.P. (1960). The use of advances organizers in the learning and retention of meaningful behavior. Journal of Educational Psychology, 51, 267-272

Bahr, G.S. & Dansereau, D.F (2005). Bilingual knowledge maps as a presentation format: Delayed recall and training effects. Journal of Experimental Education 73(2), 101-118

Skills-Based Pay
Lawler and Ledford (1987) argued twenty-six years ago that skill-based pay was going to become an increasingly popular concept in compensation management. Ledford and Heneman (2011) define skill-based pay as "a compensation system that rewards employees with additional pay in exchange for formal certification of the employee's mastery of skills, knowledge and/or competencies." The authors juxtapose this against a "job-based pay system," defined as a system where employees are entitled to receive their pay even if they are not proficient in their position.

There are two issues with the concept from the outset. The first is that employees should be proficient in their position, since they have been given that position. It makes little sense for an employee to remain in a position with no skills. Trotter (2013) notes that a person's skills and competencies contribute to them receiving the position, at least in any company where merit is taken…...

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References

Giancola, F. (2011). Skill-based pay: Fad or classic? Compensation Benefits Review. Vol. 43 (4) 220-226.

Lawler, Edward E., III, & Ledford, Gerald E., Jr. (1987). Skill-based pay: A concept that's catching on. Management Review, 76(2), 46-46. Retrieved May 30, 2013

Ledford, G. & Heneman, H. (2011). Skill-based pay. Society for Human Resource Management. Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://www.siop.org/userfiles/image/SIOP_SHRM_Skill_Based_Pay.pdf

Trotter. R. (2013). Skills-based pay structures vs. job-based pay structures. Rory Trotter.com. Retrieved December 6, 2013 from http://rorytrotter.com/2013/04/10/skill-based-pay-structures-versus-job-based-pay-structures/

Skill Assessment
Matrix A shows a set of skills and tri-part analysis of those skills for five individuals. The Matrix is based on: S = Strong, W = Weak, or T= In Training. The skill sets are: problem solving, written communications, oral communication, leadership, creativity, goal orientation, multi-tasking, time management, analysis, delegating, and strategic thinking. Analysis of the matrix shows the following:

Skill

Strong

Weak

In Training

Problem Solving

All

Written Communication

Oral Communication

Leadership

All

Creativity

Goal Orientation

All

Multi-Tasking

All

Time Management

Analytical

Delegating

Strategic Thinking

Based on the matrix, areas of concern are, in order of ranking:

Oral Communication (3 weak)

Strategic Thinking (4 still in training)

Analytical Skills (3 still in training)

Written Communication (1 weak, 3 in training)

Time Management (1 weak)

If we assign points to each individual as 3 for Strong, 2 for In training, and 1 for weak, we find that the group itself is relatively homogeneous: Joshua, Thea and Michael at 29 points; obert and Melodie at 28 points. This would indicate that, in general, the group is…...

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REFERENCES

Problem Solving and Analytical Skills. (2009). University of Kent. Retrieved from:  http://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/sk/problem-solving-skills.htm 

Six Types of Oral Communication Activities. (2011). Speaking the Disciplines. Retrieved from:  http://www.speaking.pitt.edu/about/oral-comm.html 

Mind Tools. (2012). Time Management Games and Tools. Mindtools.com. Retrieved from:  http://www.mindtools.com/pages/main/newMN_HTE.htm 

Rein, S. (2012). Three Keys to Improving Your Strategic Thinking. Forbes.com. Retrieved from:  http://www.forbes.com/2010/11/09/strategic-thinking-innovation-creativity-leadership-managing-rein.html

"
In that survey, employers in the field of "Health Care and Pharmaceutical" were queried as to the "Top Five Skills That Are Attractive in MBA Graduates." Since my concentration is Healthcare Management, this portion of the survey is of keen interest. Those top five skills, which I believe I possess, include: 1) "ability to think analytically"; 2) "ability to think strategically"; 3) "leadership skills"; 4) "oral communication skills"; 5) and "interpersonal skills."

Moreover, among the Healthcare/Pharmaceutical skills that employers in this survey believe should "be strengthened" through MBA programs, are: "ability to make decisions with imperfect information"; "ability to think strategically"; and "written communication skills."

In conclusion, I wish to address another question which was posed for this essay, "What are your concerns about your ability to be successful in an MBA program?" My concerns are related to how high I can go in my MBA program scholastic achievement -- to what…...

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References

Graduate Management Admission Council (2004). Employer Assessment of MBA

Students. Retrieved December 26, 2004, from  http://www.gmac.com .

Inside Yahoo Education (2004). MBA Skills: What do you need to succeed? Retrieved

December 24, 2004, from  http://education.yahoo.com/college/essentials/articles/biz/mba_skills.html .

Applying Critical Thinking
Best Practices in Critical Thinking

"Applying Critical Thinking Skills to Making Post-Graduate Education Decisions"

"Applying Critical Thinking Skills to Making Post-Graduate Education Decisions"

Introduction/Critical Thinking Defined

Using critical thinking skills nearly always results in better decision making and therefore better actions. Personal change is always accompanied by a long list of critical issues that require thought and development in order to cement into a cost-benefit balance. Long-term goals are likely to be those best developed with critical thinking skills, but sometimes long-term goals do not actually create a beneficial outcome, largely as a result of those goals not being well thought out or well researched. Seeking to further one's education is a higher goal that can and often does result in greater long-term earning potential but is also often associated with immediate sacrifices and challenges, such as limiting income in the present for deferred promises of greater income in the future, or…...

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References

Halpern, D.F. (1997). Critical Thinking across the Curriculum: A Brief Edition of Thought and Knowledge. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Keith-Spiegel, P., & Wiederman, M.W. (2000). The Complete Guide to Graduate School Admission: Psychology, Counseling, and Related Professions (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Pederson, D.J., & Daniels, M.H. (2001). 13 Stresses and Strategies for Graduate Student Couples. In Succeeding in Graduate School: The Career Guide for Psychology Students, Walfish, S. & Hess, A.K. (Eds.) (pp. 171-184). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Perlman. (2001). 3 Choosing the Master's Degree in Psychology. In Succeeding in Graduate School: The Career Guide for Psychology Students, Walfish, S. & Hess, A.K. (Eds.) (pp. 31-40). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

elf-regulation and analysis are interpersonal skills used by the nurse to convey potentially upsetting news, or to analyze the nurse's own behavior and professionalism in his or her nursing duties.

Critical thinking in nursing is further delineated by the UNM College of Nursing (2005). As seen above, this aspect of the profession is not only essential in terms of the patient-nurse relationship, but also in terms of the intrapersonal relationship of the nurse with him- or herself. The self-regulation and morality developed by means of critical thinking in the profession helps the nurse to make the often difficult decisions required on a daily basis. It also provides the nurse with the ability to serve as a liberating force for patients and their families, as the nurse helps them to face medical dilemmas.

ources

Facione, Peter A. (2004). "Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts." California Academic Press. http://www.insightassessment.com/pdf_files/what&why2004.pdf

UNM College of Nursing.…...

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Sources

Facione, Peter A. (2004). "Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts." California Academic Press.  http://www.insightassessment.com/pdf_files/what&why2004.pdf 

UNM College of Nursing. (2005, Sept. 16-17). "What is critical thinking?  http://hsc.unm.edu/consg/conct/whatis.shtml

Some salient guidance concerning developing good note-taking skills from the literature include placing a date and the name of the class on the top of every page to make sorting class notes out later on easier. Likewise, many students with good typing skills will likely benefit from typing their notes after school, when the information is still fresh in their minds. Students can also learn how to improve their note-taking skills by reviewing the notes taken by students with known note-taking skills. For instance, according to Willis (2007), "Sharing notes is a valuable way for all students to hone their note-taking skills and gain metacognitive awareness of which content is crucial and which is not. Teachers can ask students who have clearly written notebook entries to share them verbally or post them on a bulletin board for the benefit of students who don't have adequate notes" (p. 157).

Some other guidance…...

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References

Snider, a. & Schnurer, M. (2006). Many sides: Debate across the curriculum. New York

International Debate Education Association.

Ware, M.E. & Millard, R.J. (1997). Handbook on student development: Advising, career development, and field placement. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Willis, J. (2007). Brain-friendly strategies for the inclusion classroom: Insights from a neurologist and classroom teacher. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Teaching Critical Thinking
Critical thinking has been explained as the capability to evaluate and assess information and facts. Critical thinkers establish important issues and concerns, construct them clearly, collect and examine pertinent data, make use of abstract concepts, contemplate open-mindedly, and also communicate efficiently with other individuals (Duron et al., 2006).

I recommend the following 4 teaching strategies to be the most relevant to critical thinking. (We will only discuss two in detail here):

Utilize higher order thinking questions during instruction and assessment

Teach the process

Adapt tasks and assessments

Incorporate games into lessons

Teaching Strategy 1: Utilize higher order thinking questions during instruction and assessment

"Teachers who have been great questioners inspire their learners, promote higher level thinking, support creativeness, as well as improve self-concept in their learners and also themselves." (Johnson, 1990)

Teaching that encourages critical thinking utilizes questioning methods that demand students to evaluate, synthesize, and also assess information and facts to resolve issues and make…...

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References

Duron, R., Limbach, B. And Waugh, W. (2006). Critical Thinking Framework For Any Discipline. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, Volume 17, Number 2, 160-166.

Hemming, H.E. (2000). Encouraging critical thinking: "But.. .what does that mean?" Journal of Education, 35(2), 173.

Johnson, N.L. (1990). Questioning makes the Difference. Beavercreek, OH; Pieces of Learning.

Wyatt, M.A. And O'Malley, P. (2011). Instructional Approaches and Strategies to Foster Critical Thinking. Maryland Assessment Group Conference.

Open communication is key to organizational success, and this openness can be demonstrated to employers through honesty and forthrightness (within the bounds of professionalism, of course) during the interview process.
In addition to these directly employment-related knowledge and skill areas, the course I took in Personal Finance will have a substantial positive impact on the way I approach my profession and my attractiveness to potential employers. Not only have I been provided with information on how to spend wisely, save appropriately, and even gauge investment opportunities in my personal life -- all of which will give me enhanced stability and security, which will be seen as a benefit by potential employers -- but these skills will also transfer to my profession in terms of assisting home health care recipients and practitioners alike in reducing their own expenses and thus providing additional value to expected services and relationships. In addition, appropriate…...

Critical Thinking in Nursing Education
For far too long nursing has been seen as a profession that requires compassion along with obedience to the orders of doctors who were traditionally considered to be the "real" medical professionals. Nurses were until recently inside and outside of the profession seen as sort of helpmeets to the doctors, a form of junior wife to the male doctor. Of course nurses were always more than this, but it has become true only relatively recently that the medical profession as a whole has begun to acknowledge that critical thinking is as important for nurses as it is for doctors and other medical professionals.

This paper examines the ways in which the teaching of critical thinking can be incorporated more fully (and more deeply) into the teaching curricula and praxis of nursing. Focusing on the importance of critical thinking from the first day that nursing students walk into…...

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References

Duchscher, J.E. (1999). Catching the wave: understanding the concept of critical thinking. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29(3): 577-583.

Fowler, L.P. (1998). Improving critical thinking in nursing practice. Journal of Nurses Staff Development 14(4): 183-7.

Kuhar M.B. (1998). Critical thinking: A framework for problem solving in the occupational setting. AAOHN Journal 46(2): 80-81.

Simpson, E. & Courtney, M. (n.d.). Critical thinking in nursing education: A literature review. Retrieved from http://eprints.qut.edu.au/263/1/SIMPSON_CRITICAL_THINKING.PDF.

Nurse Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking and Other Intellectual Skills: Documented Benefits and Skill Application in Nursing

There are many academic skills that are necessary for nursing students that also serve nurses well in professional practice. This paper will examine three such academic skills both in their general benefits to learners and professionals in all sectors and personally to my own advances in nursing knowledge and practice. Active reading, effective writing, and critical thinking skills are essential tools for helping one to properly take in, analyze, and communicate information in efficient and effective manners, and each of these individual thinking areas benefits the other two, as well. There are certain challenges that one might be face with in acquiring these skills, and I will detail my own personal challenges below following a general investigation of benefits and prior to a discussion of my application of these skills.

Benefits

Psychologist Benjamin Bloom developed a taxonomy of…...

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References

Braverman, M. (2010). "Effective wirting." Accessed 28 November 2010. http://effectivewriting.org/

FTC. (2009). "The Critical Thinking Community." Accessed 28 November 2010.  http://www.criticalthinking.org/resources/HE/ctandnursing.cfm 

Greenall, S. & Swan, M. (1986). Effective reading: reading skills for advanced students. New York: Cambridge University Press.

OfficePort. (2010). "Bloom's taxonomy." Accessed 28 November 2010.  http://www.officeport.com/edu/blooms.htm

There are four different philosophical approaches in education: idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism.  While each of these four philosophical approaches can be seen in parts of modern-day education, realism is probably the most pervasive current philosophical influence.

Realism developed from the teachings of Aristotle and can be thought of as concerning objective facts.  While different people may perceive things in various ways, the objective truth of an event does not change.  This emphasis on rational thought means that realism underpins much of what we think of as truth. 

Realism is reflected in educational approaches that teach critical thinking skills....

You can take various approaches when writing an essay about sexism in advertising.  Knowing that it is an essay gives you a good starting point.  That is because knowing what type of essay you are supposed to write provides you with the structure of the essay, the goals of the essay, and the tone of the essay.  In an analytical essay you need to bring critical thinking skills to discuss the topic. You could approach it as a question of history and show how the history of sexism meant that older advertisements were even....

Below is an example essay to help give you ideas when writing your own paper.

Title: Bridging the Skills Gap in the South African Supply Chain Industry

Introduction:
In today's rapidly evolving global economy, the supply chain industry plays a vital role in ensuring the efficient flow of goods and services. However, South Africa's supply chain sector faces a significant skills gap, hindering its growth and competitiveness. To address this challenge, it is essential to identify and cultivate generic, transferable, core, or key attributes that can bridge this gap effectively. This essay will discuss the different forms of such attributes....

Teachers play a crucial and multi-faceted role in promoting literacy across all subjects, not just in language arts. This role extends beyond traditional reading and writing skills to encompass a wide range of literacy types, including digital, informational, and subject-specific literacies. Here’s an overview of the key roles teachers play in literacy for all students in all subjects:

Facilitators of Skill Development: Teachers are responsible for developing students' basic literacy skills, including reading, writing, speaking, and listening. This is essential across all subjects, as these skills are the foundation for understanding and engaging with content in any area.

Integrators of Subject-Specific Literacy:....