Powell Assertion Number Two: In his Feb. 5, 2003 speech to the U.N., Powell said: "We have no indication that Saddam Hussein has ever abandoned his nuclear weapons program." But in October, 2002, in his memo to the White House, CIA Director George Tenet voiced "strong doubts about a claim President Bush" was about to make in the State of the Union address "that Iraq was trying to buy nuclear materials" from Africa. And on July 24, 2003, Spain's Foreign Minister, Ana Palacio, an ally of the U.S., said their was "no evidence" prior to the U.S. attack on Iraq of a nuclear bomb program by Saddam, according to the Hanley article in Editor & Publisher.
Powell Assertion Number Three: Powell told the U.N. he had proof that Saddam was deploying "Contamination Vehicles" associated with chemical weapons on at least two sites. Those alleged contamination vehicles turned out to be water…...
mlaReferences
Barry, John; Hirsh, Michael & Isikoff, Michael. (2004). "The road to Abu Ghraib began after 9/11, when Washington wrote new rules to fight a new kind of war," Newsweek International.
CBSNEWS.com. (2004). "The Man Who Knew," 4 Feb. 2004. Available:
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/14/60II/printable577975.shtml .
Dodds, Paisley. (2005). "Gitmo Soldier Details Sexual Tactics," Associated Press, Yahoo News, 27 January.
Terrorist Threat and the Commercial Sector:
Terrorist threat has emerged as one of the major global threats in the 21st Century that has significant impacts on global security. In the past few centuries, the nature and values of terrorism have slowly shifted and resulted in the emergence of different definitions or descriptions of terrorism. These different descriptions have not only been used by scholars but also by governments to broaden the phenomenon to political, judicial, psychosocial, and moral arenas. The differences in definitions of terrorism is attributed to the fact that these attacks are usually characterized by political motivations towards the use or threat of violence, intentional and pre-meditated actions, fear, psychological effects, and asymmetric warfare. The other aspects of these definitions include immorality, social coercion, and reactions. However, terrorist groups and activities continue to pose significant threats to every facet of the modern society including the commercial sector (aman, 2008,…...
mlaReferences:
A Military Guide to Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century 2007, Terrorist Motivations and Behaviors, Chapter 2, viewed 20 April 2013,
Brandt, B 2011, Terrorist Threats to Commercial Aviation: A Contemporary Assessment.
Combating Terrorism Center -- United States Military Academy, viewed 20 April 2013,
Catlin Group Limited 2012, A Business Approach to Terrorism, Catlin Group Limited Report,
American Terrorist Threat
Since the events of September 11. 2001. Americans have had an increased concern about the possibility of more terrorism within United States borders. Although our government has made monumental efforts to prevent future attacks. A terrorist only has to slip through once. whereas our vigilance has to be 100% successful at all times. ecause of that fact it seems inevitable that eventually. we will see more terrorist attacks within the United States.
ecause we were attacked by people from outside our borders. many Americans tend to think of terrorist threats as in terms of outsiders who come here to do harm. Thus we have increased supervision at border entries. We know that this can work; an alert border guard between Washington state and Canada stopped a car and probably foiled a terrorist attack planned for Los Angeles.
However, some terrorist experts believe that we already have terrorist living within the…...
mlaBibliography
Emerson, Steven. American Jihad: The Terrorists Living Among Us. 2002. Free Press.
Government Accounting Office (GAO). 2002. "Key Elements to Unify Efforts are Underway but Uncertainty Remains." GAO-02-610. June 7.
Hoffman, Bruce. Inside Terrorism. 2000. New York: Columbia University Press.
Ledeen, Michael A. The War Against the Terror Masters: Why It Happened. Where We Are Now. How We'll Win. 2002. New York: St. Martin's Press.
EAL DO YOU THINK THE TEOIST THEAT IS TO THE COMMECIAL SECTO?
With the current wave of terrorist's activities and attacks, terrorists' threat is incredibly real to the commercial sector. Since 2008, terrorists target commercial organizations such as hotel that accommodate huge numbers of people. For instance, in 2009, terrorists bombed the JW Marriott and itz-Carlton hotels in Jakarta, Indonesia leaving 9 people dead and 42 injured. While terrorism has been around in geographical isolation, for scores of years, 20% of terrorists' acts affect the business community (Levene 2007, p.7). The contemporary history is full of horrific incidences carried out by extremists for divergent reasons. Indeed, terrorism is the plague of a contemporary and civilized society, and it is real and detrimental to the commercial sector.
Numerous countries across the globe experience terrorism triggered by different reasons; ideological, social, religious among other causes. The effects of terrorists' attack and threat negatively…...
mlaReferences List
Business Executives for National Security Metro Atlanta Region 2003. Company primer on preparedness and response planning for terrorist and bioterrorists attacks. Washington: BENS.
Gill, M 2006. The handbook o security. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Homeland Security 2011. The evolving terrorist threat: Enhancing vigilance for commercial facilities. New York: Policy Agenda.
Jackson, R 2011. Terrorism: A critical introduction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Terrorist Tactic:
Terrorism has emerged as one of the major security threats across the globe in the past several years. The severity of this global threat has been evident through the various terrorist attacks that have occurred in the past few decades, especially the 9/11 attacks. Actually, the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks was characterized with increased fears that terrorist groups like al-Qaeda will attempt to carry out other large attacks against the United States. One of the major reasons for the increase in terrorism is the use of various tactics by these individuals or groups. As the world continues to experience tremendous changes, terrorists and terror groups continue to develop new, sophisticated means and tactics of carry out their activities. While some of these activities may be carried out for similar reasons, they tactics employed in achieving these goals vary from time to time.
ecent Terrorists Tactics:
As previously mentioned, terrorist tactics…...
mlaReferences:
Carafano, J.J., Bucci, S. & Zuckerman, J. (2012, April 25). Fifty Terror Plots Foiled Since 9/11:
The Homegrown Threat and the Long War on Terrorism. Backgrounder: The Heritage Foundation -- Leadership for America.
Moran, N. (2007, September 24). The Evolution of Improvised Explosive Devices. Retrieved June 10, 2014, from http://www.rightsidenews.com/2007092429591/world/terrorism/the-evolution-of-improvised-explosive-devices.html
Singer, P.W. (2012, February). The Evolution of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). Retrieved
Terrorist Tactics
Understanding the enemy is an important aspect of defense. In fact, it is perhaps the most important aspect of being able to protect the people of your country. Since September 11th, 2001 the primary enemy of the United States has been terrorist organizations throughout the world, particularly in the Middle East. Terrorists have been a problem for Americans before that time as indicated by incidences throughout American history, up to and including the 1970s and 1980s. However, since the 2001 attacks, the enemy has been more blatant about their attitudes towards the United States and with regard to their intentions for citizens of the United States. Terrorism is defined by the American Department of Defense as "The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear: intended to coerce or to intimidate government or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious,…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Department of the Army. Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century. Fort Leavenworth, KS:
TRADOC. 2007.
"Emerging Threats and Security Challenges."
Threats and Consequences
Terrorism does very little damage to a nation's military capacity, as well as its manufacturing infrastructure, and terrorism rarely even damages a nation's political apparatus. hat terrorism does do, however, is project an image of insecurity within a country. The effects of perception of insecurity that terrorist attacks bring most heavily hit a major sector of any nation's economy, tourism. The tourism sector feels negative impacts for years after terrorist attacks, depending on how the attack happened, and how confident tourists feel that adequate security has been implemented. The 2008 Mumbai attacks were devastating, but the poor reaction of the Indian authorities made the attacks seem even worse. hat could have been ended in just minutes of a competent counterterrorism unit, ended up taking three days as the attackers were prepared to cause as much violence as they possibly could.
Tourism in India plummeted dramatically as a result of…...
mlaWorks Cited
Chandigarh, M. (2009, June 29). 'mumbai terror incident hits tourist inflow. . Retrieved from http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/mumbai-terror-incident-meltdown-hits-foreign-tourist-inflow/65960/on
Dow, R. (2011, Sept 21). Retrieved from http://www.rejuvenatemeetings.com/2011/09/21/u-s-lost-606-billion-in-tourism-after-911/
Threats of Violence in Counseling and Psychotherapy
There is an urban legend about an incident at a mental hospital caught on video: a psychotic patient at a hospital, who has a history of threatening violent acts, manages to smuggle a screwdriver from a workman. This patient, armed with said screwdriver, barricades himself into a room, takes a nurse hostage, and does not respond well to the attempts made by psychiatrists and police officers alike. n the end, the mental patient stabs the nurse hostage fatally in the neck with the screw driver. Of course, the supposed incident on tape that has circulated the semi-underground video circuit for decades (included on "Faces of Death Volume V") is actually a poorly staged reenactment of an event which probably never occurred in the first place. However, tales such as these have inevitably become a part of the universal subconscious of a modern society still…...
mlaIt may be beneficial to refer any students showing warning signs to the school counselor, but this will only be beneficial if that counselor is sympathetic, knowledgeable, ethical, and holding every student's best interest in mind. It is additionally important to ensure that the counseling sessions do not interfere with school and social activities to the degree that they actually incite more frustration, anger, and hostility for the student in question! Recommending a student speak with the school counselor is not usually dangerous ground legally. However, making this mandatory can have legal implications, and certainly making mandatory sessions with a psychotherapist a condition of continued attendance at the school can backfire. Administrators and school counselors need to work together to create a supportive school environment that fosters communication between students, teachers, and counselors, so that potential problems can be identified early and addressed while there is time to avoid damage to the student, his or her peers, or school property. Based on the findings that "there is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against clinician counseling of asymptomatic adolescents and adults to prevent morbidity and mortality from youth violence" (Counseling to Prevent Youth Violence 2004), it can be assumed that students will not have an undesirable reaction from continued counseling to help deal with issues of violence in schools.
When dealing with threats of domestic violence, there are many considerations that must be carefully weighed in determining the best approach. Counselors and psychotherapists may offer help directly to the victims of or witnesses to domestic violence. Others approach the situation by counseling the batterers, or perpetrators of domestic violence. There are some counseling organizations that focus on breaking the cycle of violence by counseling the abusers, as well as their victims. "AMEND provides counseling to men who have been abusive, anger management, and addiction counseling; educational support, groups for victims, and community education." (AMEND 2004) This approach would not seem outrageous at all if applied to, for example, students with a history of violent outbursts. However, the domestic abuser has been thoroughly demonized in our society. Whether the abuse is physical, emotional, or otherwise, certainly these actions cannot be justified. However, the AMEND group explains that:
Domestic violence will never go away if we provide services only to the victims. Abusive men can change if they have the ...
A frustration of societal expectations, rather than outright poverty and rejection, were characteristic of these terrorists' profiles.
This shifting profile should not have come as much of a surprise as it did to experts. As early as 1999 some experts noted, regarding terrorists in general (as opposed to Islamic terrorists) that all "terrorist groups are recruiting members who possess a high degree of intellectualism and idealism, are highly educated, and are well trained in a legitimate profession...More than two-thirds of the terrorists surveyed came from middle-class or even upper-class backgrounds" (Hudson 1999: 46; 49)
In Britain, there remains a concern about Pakistani training camps, given the large population of Pakistanis in the region. One red flag, the parents of a terrorist noted, that they did not spot was when their rebellious son was sent away to relatives in Pakistan, and he came back sober and religious. They thought their effort to…...
mlaWorks Cited
Hudson, Rex a. (1999). "The Sociology and psychology of terrorism: Who becomes a terrorist and why?" Federal Research Division. Library of Congress. Retrieved 24 Feb 2008 at http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Soc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf
McGrory, Daniel & Zahid Husain. (14 Jul 2005). New wave of British terrorists is taught at schools, not in the mountains." The Times. Retrieved 24 Feb 2008 at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article543782.ece
Nicolson, Brendan. (14 Jul 2004). "Paper paints a terrorist profile." The Age. Retrieved 24 Feb 2008 at http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/07/15/1089694488731.html
Wilgoren, Jodi. (21 Sept 2001). "After the attacks: The hijackers. A terrorist profile emerges that confounds the experts." The New York Times. Retrieved 24 Feb 2008 at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0DE1D61F38F936A2575AC0A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&st=cse&sq=terrorist+psychological+profile&scp=3
When the risk is significant, this should be quantified against the risk of not entering the specific country in terms of expansion. When the risk is acceptable, stringent measures, including organizational arrangements, engineering control, and research and development, need to be taken. Research and development are particularly important, as mitigation measures can then be implemented that are particularly targeted towards the measure of possible terrorist attack for the country involved. Reducing the likelihood of terrorist attack can in certain cases be a better response to terrorist threat than avoidance, as it mitigates many of the additional risks involved in the latter.
Thirdly, reducing the consequences of terrorist attacks is a retrospective approach. This is done by measures such as contingency planning, recovery plans, design features, surveillance, and the like. uch measures are best implemented by learning from the past experiences of terrorist attacks on the company involved, or indeed from…...
mlaSources
Campion, Kevin. 2002, Nov. 15. Integrating Terrorism Risk Management with the Federal Terrorism Program. Benfield Blanch, Inc. http://www.benfieldgroup.com/NR/rdonlyres/2319B84C-7C18-4280-B057-839E6F0243D5/0/11_02BB.pdf
Gould, Nathan C. 2004, July. Managing Terrorism Risk. ABS Consulting. http://www.irmi.com/Expert/Articles/2004/Gould07.aspx
Parachini, John. 2000, Jul. 26. Combating Terrorism: Assessing Threats, Risk Management, and Establishing Priorities. Center for Nonproliferation Studies. http://cns.miis.edu/pubs/reports/paraterr.htm
TEOIST THEAT ASSESSMENT Terrorist Threat Assessment: White SupremacyIn its September 2021 report to the House of epresentatives Committee on Oversight and eform, the FBI acknowledged that the greatest terrorism threat in the US is posed by small cells and lone actors who use easily accessible weapons to attack soft targets (FBI, 2021). The main manifestations of these threats are Homegrown Violent Extremists (HVEs) and Domestic Violent Extremists (DVE) arising domestically (FBI, 2021). HVEs are influenced or inspired by foreign terrorist groups although they do not have direct links or receive individualized orders from these groups (FBI, 2021). Conversely, DVEs commit acts of terrorism to further certain political or social goals arising from domestic issues, such as anti-government sentiments and ethnic or racial bias (FBI, 2021).DVEs who act in furtherance of ethnic or racial goals are referred to as MVEs (acially or Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremists) (FBI, 2021). According to the…...
mlaReferencesAnti-Defamation League (ADL) (2017). Funding hate: How white supremacists raise their money. Author. League (ADL) (2020). Murder and extremism in the United States in 2020. Author. https://www.adl.org/murder-and-extremism-2020 Byman, D. L., & Pitcavage, M. (2021). Identifying and exploiting the weaknesses of the white supremacist movement. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Identifying-and-exploiting-the-weaknesses-of-the-white-supremacist-movement.pdf Congress Report (2020). Confronting violent white supremacy: White supremacy in blue. The infiltration of local police departments. Report of the House Oversight and Reform Committee. https://www.congress.gov/event/116th-congress/house-event/LC65641/text?s=1&r=1 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (2019). Confronting violent white supremacy: Examining the Biden’s administration’s counterterrorism strategy. Author. https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/testimonies/witnesses/attachments/2022/08/11/2021.09.29_testimony_brad_wiegmann_timothy_langan_re_white_supremacy.pdf Mulligan, K., Steele, B., & Clark, S. (2021). A national policy blueprint to end white supremacy violence. American Progress. https://www.americanprogress.org/article/national-policy-blueprint-end-white-supremacist-violence/ Perrigo, B. (2020). White supremacist groups are recruiting with help from Coronavirus and a popular messaging app. Time Magazine. https://time.com/5817665/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-white-supremacist-groups/ . Smith, A. (2019). Feminist Theory Reader (5th ed.). Routledge. https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/adl-report-funding-hate-how-white-supremacists-raise-their-money.pdf Anti-Defamation
Threats and Sharing of Information
Unified Intelligence
In many respects, the amount of danger posed by contemporary threats to public safety has rarely been greater in this country's history. This fact can largely be attributed to the degree of organization and the sharing of information via technological advances with which various factions have at their disposal to effectively terrorize parts of the United States, as well as to the somewhat imperialist tendencies of America's current foreign policy, which people in many parts of the world view as aggressive. One of the most significant offensives launched against the U.S. -- and on its own soil, at that -- was the toppling of the world trade center in 2001. eports of other so-called terrorist activity (such as the young man from Africa who attempted to detonate a bomb on an airplane above Michigan who was linked to Al Qaeda) (Temple-aston, 2010) have substantially…...
mlaReferences
Leson, J. (2005). "Assessing and Managing the Terrorist Threat." Bureau of Justice Assistance. Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/bja/210680.pdf
Temple-Raston, D. (2010). "Officials: Cleric had Role in Christmas Bomb Attempt." NPR. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=123894237
Such a strategy, if fully developed, would successfully reduce the risk of a successful terrorist nuclear attack because the system itself would have nuclear-specific elements that could be coordinated with an assortment of other prevention and protection measures. More so, this system would work with the international community to develop similar multi-elemental, layered and cross-departmental approaches there and then coordinate the United States' measures with these international efforts, thus creating a global defense strategy capable of fully defending a way of life against the threat of terrorism and weapons of mass destruction.
This new approach to defense would focus on coordinating improved capabilities of monitoring and controlling both nuclear weapons and nuclear material, thus being able to better evaluate where the risk is and what kind of risk it is. Further, such an internationally coordinated monitoring system would dissuade those in the planning stages of a nuclear attack could defeat…...
mlaBibliography
Bolt, Paul J., Coletta, Damon V., and Collins G. Shackleford. American Defense Policy. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2005.
De Becker, Gavin. Fear Less: Real Truth About Risk, Safety, and Security in a Time of Terrorism. New York: Little Brown & Co., 2005.
Burd, R. "Nuclear Detection to Prevent or Defeat Clandestine Nuclear Attack." Los Alamos Manuscript LA-UR-04-0629, submitted to IEEE Sensors Journal, Special Issue on Sensors for the Prevention of Terrorist Acts. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government, 2004.
Department of Defense. Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Preventing and Defending Against Clandestine Nuclear Attack. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government, 2004.
Preventing Terrorist Attacks on the Water and Wastewater Systems Sector
Terrorism is nowadays an already established threat that is part of every security strategy of modern states. It is not only an un-conventional threat at the address of national security but also it drove the re-definition of the term of security as it was understood and worked with some twenty years ago. Currently, there is talk about economic, political, social security as part of the areas that the state must take into account when drafting and enabling a national security strategy. At the same time though, especially after the events from September 2001, the security of the infrastructure and that of natural resources has become an increasingly important aspect to consider.
Currently in the United States, the country considered to be the most targeted by terrorist threats, an important part of the security strategy is related to the economic sectors that need…...
mlaReferences
Copeland, C. 2005. "Hurricane-Damaged Drinking Water and Wastewater Facilities: Impacts, Needs, and Response" CRS Report for Congress. Available at http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=463973
Copeland, C. 2010. "Terrorism and Security Issues Facing the Water Infrastructure Sector" Congressional Research Center Available at http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/terror/RL32189.pdf
Dept. Of Homeland Security. 2013. Water and Wastewater Systems Sector. Available online at http://www.dhs.gov/water-and-wastewater-systems-sector
Leuven, L. 2011. "Water/Wastewater Infrastructure Security: Threats and Vulnerabilities" in R.M. Clark et al. (eds.), Handbook of Water and Wastewater Systems Protection, 27 Protecting Critical Infrastructure, available online.
America still welcomes terrorists, criminals, & other foreign menaces
The September 11 attacks have changed the ways Americans view the security and violence situation within their territory. Dramatic changes have been made in connection with security in the ports (land, sea and air); immigration laws; buying residency and citizenship, as well as visas. However, many experts assert that the security situation has worsened from where it had been before 9/11. Instead of reducing bureaucratic procedures and the loopholes associated with it and increasing the efficiency of the present workforce through accountability and checks and balances, the government has done exactly the opposite. This research paper is primarily focused on terrorism, and how we continue to allow it to happen to us. How the September 11 terrorists exploited U.S. immigration laws. How government officials sell residency & citizenship papers. How people from other countries are rushed through airport without proper screening…...
mlaBibliography
Bill Sammon, Jerry Seper. U.S. To Offer Visas for Help against Terror. The Washington Times, November 30, 2001
Michael Janofsky. 9/11 Panel Calls Policies on Immigration Ineffective. New York Times. April 17, 2004
Pascal Riche. At American Borders: Smile; you're on File. Liberation. January 6, 2004.
Steven A. Camarota. How the terrorists get in. Public Interest, 2002.
Cloud computing is the wave of the future because of the advantages it offers over having storage at each specific location. However, that does not mean that cloud computing is without some significant challenges. Any essay focusing on cloud computing needs to make sure and examine both strengths and weaknesses of the model. In fact, the example outline that we have included takes a strengths and weaknesses approach.
Essay Topics on Cloud Computing
1. Obama did possess legal authority for Operation Geronimo as argued in the thesis, based on the Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) passed by Congress in the wake of the 9/11 attacks.
2. The AUMF provided the President with the necessary legal framework to conduct military operations against those responsible for the 9/11 attacks, including Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda, which justified the targeting of bin Laden in Operation Geronimo.
3. The operation to eliminate bin Laden was a legitimate act of self-defense under international law, given his role as the mastermind behind the deadliest terrorist....
1.1 Introduction
India's energy security is of paramount importance, and the establishment of new trade routes to Afghanistan plays a crucial role in safeguarding its energy needs. This essay presents a comprehensive evaluation of the potential benefits and challenges of utilizing the Chabahar port and Zaranj-Delaram corridor in comparison to traditional trade routes through Pakistan.
1.2 Comparison of Chabahar Port and Zaranj-Delaram Corridor with Alternative Trade Routes
The Chabahar Port in Iran and the Zaranj-Delaram Corridor in Afghanistan provide India with an alternate route to access Central and South Asia, bypassing Pakistan. Compared to routes through Pakistan,....
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now