The result of this, as seen above, is that these mothers lack job skills, making it difficult not only to find employment that could adequately support themselves and their children, but also to retain these jobs once they find them. The result is that about 64% of children born under such conditions live in poverty, compared to 7% of children born to married women older than 20 and who are high school graduates. The legacy repeats itself with these children; they are 50% more likely to repeat a grade during their entire school career, they perform badly on standardized tests, and they tend to drop out of high school before finishing (March of Dimes, 2009).
Despite the programs and schools that exist to help them finish their studies, Mangel (2010) states quite bluntly that most pregnant teens drop out of school, after which they face a lifetime of economic insecurity…...
mlaReferences
Acs, G and Koball, H. (2010) TANF and the Status of Teen Mothers under Age 18. Urban Institute. Retrieved from: http://www.urban.org/publications/310796.html
Avert.org. (2011). Abstinence and Sex Education. Retrieved from: http://www.avert.org/abstinence.htm
Beck, J. (2011). Why Teens Drop out of High School. WomensForum. Retrieved from: http://www.womensforum.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3082:why-teens-drop-out-of-high-school&catid=14:education&Itemid=44
Clasp (2002). Add it Up: Teen Parents and Welfare…Undercounted, Oversanctioned, Underserved. Retrieved from: http://www.clasp.org/admin/site/publications/files/0090.pdf
Recommendations
Ideally, parents should have the responsibility of teaching their children what Planned Parenthood and other organizations teach them, but it is often being left up to various organizations, as more and more parents decide that they are too busy to instill real values in their children. These organizations have a wonderful opportunity to take this unfortunate lack of societal interest and make it as positive as possible.
It is important to think of various ways that these young women can be helped, and the Dollar-a-Day Program is only one way to address this issue. Another good way to help teenagers make good choices is by giving them good role models. Popular teens at school are often looked up to, but they are not necessarily good role models. Not all of them engage in the very behavior the schools are trying to prevent, but it seems that too many of them do.…...
Teen Pregnancies
Young women who become pregnant will be in a vulnerable position regarding the completion of their education and in realizing all of their goals. Women who become teen mothers are less likely to finish high school, less likely to go on to college, and extremely less likely to earn even a middle class salary. Becoming pregnant as a teenager is a situation that needs to be avoided at all costs. However, there are a host of legal and ethical issues which are directly connected to teen pregnancies which this paper will address. The desired goal of the issue of teen pregnancies as it manifests in society today is to find an adequate and effective means of combating it, without sacrificing any of the moral and ethical needs of any involved parties.
Gather Data
The legal issues tend to abound from the issue, entangling it and obfuscating a more definitive method of…...
mlaReferences
Allmark, P. (2002). Pregnant minors: confidentiality issues and nurses' duties. British Journal of Nursing, 257-60.
Anderson, S. (2006). Adolescent patients and their confidentiality: Staying within legal bounds. Contemporary OB/GYN, 53.
Dimond, B. (2002). Teenage pregnancy and the law . British Journal of Midwifery, 105-108.
Goldbas, A. (2013). Whose Body Is It Anyway. International Journal of Childbirth Education, 79.
We made every possible attempt to contact as many programs as possible. This was mainly through contacting various advisors, coalitions, staff, networks and directories. There were also several telephone calls as well as reminders (in the form of both mail, and fax) to the various programs. This was however done to the ones that never returned their surveys. After initiating second mailing attempts as well as phone calls and faxes, an average of 12 completed surveys was received representing a 60% rate of response. A total of 13 programs were visited .There was interviewing of the staff members during the various site visits. The intention was to obtain as much information as possible from their programs as well as to come up with fully completed surveys.
The move aided us to find out that there were various prevention efforts that were instituted in various clinics, community agencies as well as…...
mlaReferences
ACAPP (2006). By the Numbers: The Public Costs of Teen Childbearing in Arizona
http://www.azyp.org/pregnancy.pdf
Annie E. Casey Foundation. (1998). Kids count special report, when teens have sex: Issues and trends. Baltimore, MD.
The Alan Guttmacher Institute. (2004). U.S. teenagepregnancy statistics: Overall trends, trends by race and ethnicity and state-by-state information. Retrieved February 19, 2004, fromwww.guttmacher.org/pubs/state_pregnancy_trends.pdf. Ranks and percent change in rates calculated by the National Campaign.
Teenage pregnancy can be defined as pregnancy that occurs in young females aged under 20 years (Dickins, Johns, & Chipman, 2012). In Western civilization, teenage pregnancy is treated negatively, because young females are expected to study and only give birth once they have reached maturity or over 20 years. Teenage pregnancy disrupts and affects a teenager's education, as they now have responsibilities that might affect their education. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unwanted Pregnancy has indicated that there were 26.6 births per 1000 teen girls aged between 15 and 19 in 2013. There have been a steady decline in this rate since 1991 where it stood at 117 per 1000 teens of the same ages. The Centers for Disease Control reported that United States teen birth rates have declined since 1991. There were 34.3 births per 1000 teens in 2010, compared to 1991, which had 61.8 births per…...
mlaReferences
Chung-Park, M.S. (2008). Evaluation of a pregnancy prevention programme using the Contraceptive Behavior Change model. Journal of advanced nursing, 61(1), 81-91.
Dickins, T.E., Johns, S.E., & Chipman, A. (2012). Teenage pregnancy in the United Kingdom: A behavioral ecological perspective. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 6(3), 344.
Herrman, J.W., Waterhouse, J.K., & Chiquoine, J. (2011). Evaluation of an infant simulator intervention for teen pregnancy prevention. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 40(3), 322-328.
Strunk, J.A. (2008). The effect of school-based health clinics on teenage pregnancy and parenting outcomes: An integrated literature review. The Journal of School Nursing, 24(1), 13-20.
communicated about teenage pregnancy in the media. The paper has randomly selected 10 articles written within the last year (2013) on teen pregnancy in popular media likely to be read by potential clients (i.e., Cosmopolitan, New York Times, Men's Health, Newsweek, etc.). The paper is divided into the following 3 main sections relevant to these articles. The paper summarizes the main points of the selected articles in section 1. Section 2 conceptualizes the 10 articles into different headings. Lastly, in section 3, the paper explains how a therapist may use this information to help a client define healthy sexuality and how having that understanding can help the client make wise decisions in their relationships.
Article Summaries: Summarize the main points of the selected 10 articles
Amanda Marcotte (2013) wrote an article on dealing with the teenage pregnancy. In the article she describes how, contrary to the popular American belief, the rate…...
mlaReferences
Amanda Marcotte. (2013). The MTV Effect: Tackling Teen Pregnancy. Accessed from: http://www.thedailybeast.com/witw/articles/2013/09/17/what-works-and-what-doesn-t-when-it-comes-to-lowering-the-teen-birth-rate.html
Catherine Abate. (2013). Fighting Teen Pregnancy With Peer Influence. Accessed from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/catherine-m-abate/teen-pregnancy-new-york_b_2971063.html
Howard K. Koh. (2013). Prevention Delivers for Teens in the U.S. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-howard-k-koh/prevention-delivers-for-t_b_3326122.html
Liz Henry. (2013). I Got Pregnant at 14. Ask Me About Plan B. Accessed from: http://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/11/i-got-pregnant-at-14-ask-me-about-plan-b/
905).
Teaching teenagers about abstinence would likely mean stronger families in the community, which by comparison would also mean that the community was stronger as well.
Additional studies presented data that could also be taken into consideration concerning the causes and the effects of teenage pregnancies, both positive and negative in nature. Many of the studies found that poverty and race both had impacts on the teenage pregnancy and birth rates, and that consideration of such factors might be conducive in attacking the problem. A 2004 study showed that teenage pregnancies were 2.8 times more common among Blacks than among non-Hispanic Whites in 2000" (Alan Guttmacher, 2004).
It would make sense then to concentrate on African-American teenage girls or to provide programs in those neighborhoods where African-American girls reside. A fact sheet produced by teenpregnancy.org asks the question: "What are the chances of a child growing up in poverty if 1) the…...
mlaReferences
Alan Guttmacher Institute (2004) U.S. teenage pregnancy statistics: overall trends, trends by race and ethnicity, and state-by-state information, New York, Available at Accessed August 20, 2008http://www.guttinacher.org/pubs/state-pregnancy-trends.pdf.
As teen births drop, experts are asking why, (2004) Policy and Practice of Public Human Services, Vol. 62, No. 4, p. 7
Brown, S.S. (2005) Interview, Issues in Science and Technology, Vol 21, No. 3, pp. 65-70
Caldwell, P.; (2003) Trends in reproductive behavior among young single women in Columbia and Peru: 1985-1999, Demography, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 659-673
The teen pregnancy classes will consist of learning about contraceptives, learning about abstinence and learning about the cost of having and raising a child. In addition, each participant will be paired with a teen mother or teen father volunteer to shadow for 48 hours. This will serve as real life experience about being a teen parent, before actually becoming one. The teen parent volunteers will be provided free activities in exchange for their participation in the program.
Members of the community will be recruited to volunteer as advocates and mentors to the teens who belong to the center. The teens will be encouraged to shadow the adults on their jobs and in their lives to see alternatives to becoming teenage parents and to encourage them to have goals and ambitions other than sex.
The center will provide a nurse practitioner once a week to handle check ups and birth control needs. In…...
mlaREFERENCES
What teens want adults to know about teen pregnancy.
Nation's Cities Weekly; 8/4/2003; Albert, Bill
Teen Pregnancy 2001-Still No Easy Answers.
Pediatric Nursing; 9/1/2001; Koshar, Jeanette H.
controversy teenage pregnancy probability chances reduced education good parenting. Choose a technology create a presentation technology. Technologies combined, adding audio clips a slide presentation.
PSA: Teen pregnancy: Myths and Facts
Scene
(Boy and girl making out in a car)
Girl: (pulling away) I'm not on the pill. I'm not so sure about this.
Boy: Hey, you know you can't get pregnant on your first time.
Voice-over: Fact -- you can get pregnant your first time. (Cut to picture of tired girl rocking baby in the middle of the night) (Teen sex -- pregnancy myths, 2012, Web MD).
Scene
(Mother, walking in a supermarket, talking to the camera)
Mother: Oh, I know my Janie. She's an honor student and she would never do anything without discussing it with me first. She's focused on her future.
(Cut to picture of girl and a guy making out with a pile of textbooks in front of them)
Voice-over: Fact -- "3 in 10 teen…...
mlaReferences
Abstinence-only education does not lead to abstinent behavior, researchers find. (2011)
ScienceDaily. Retrieved: / releases/2011/11/111129185925.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com
Teen pregnancy. (2012). Stay Teen. Retrieved:
Introduction
Teenage pregnancy is a pressing social issue that continues to affect communities worldwide, including the Junior Certificate Examinations (JCE) in Botswana. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Botswana is a serious concern, with the country having one of the highest rates of teenage pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa. Numerous factors contribute to the high rates of teenage pregnancy among adolescents in Botswana, shedding light on the complexity of this issue.
One of the key factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Botswana is a lack of comprehensive sex education. Despite efforts to improve sexual education in schools, there remains a gap in knowledge and understanding among adolescents. This lack of education leaves teenagers vulnerable to engaging in risky sexual behaviors and increases their likelihood of unintended pregnancies.
Additionally, cultural norms and societal expectations play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards teenage pregnancy in Botswana. Traditional beliefs and practices may stigmatize teenage pregnancies, leading…...
mlaReferences
Chimbwete, Charles, Susheela Singh, and Ann M. Moore. \"The Implementation of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Botswana.\" Studies in Family Planning, vol. 37, no. 1, 2006, pp. 13-26.
Letamo, Gobopamang, and Keitseope Bainame. \"The Influence of Peer Pressure on Sexual Behaviour Among Adolescents in Botswana.\" African Population Studies, vol. 12, no. 1, 1997.
Maundeni, Tapologo. \"The Role of Social Networks in the Lives of Girls and Women in Botswana: Potential for the Spread of HIV/AIDS and Teenage Pregnancy.\" PULA: Botswana Journal of African Studies, vol. 15, no. 1, 2001.
Abortion trends varied widely by state as well. "Teenage abortion rates were highest in New York (41 per 1,000), New Jersey, Nevada, Delaware and Connecticut. By contrast, teenagers in South Dakota (6 per 1,000), Utah, Kentucky, Nebraska and North
Dakota all had abortion rates of eight or fewer per 1,000 women aged 15 -- 19. More than half of teenage pregnancies ended in abortion in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut" (Guttmacher, 2010). It is important to keep in mind that teenage abortion rates may reflect multiple issues. First, they may reflect that teenager's own personal beliefs and desire to raise a baby. However, they may also reflect prevailing societal norms in that geographic area, which can make it difficult, and even practically impossible, for pregnant teenagers to obtain abortions.
Portrayal in popular culture
Perhaps one of the most alarming things about teen pregnancy is that it is receiving more and more…...
mlaReferences
Cape Fear Teen Health Council. (2006). Why is teen pregnancy a problem? Retrieved April 2,
2012 from http://www.capefearteen.org/cfthc.php?section=statistics&record_id=1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Prepregnancy contraceptive use among teens with unintended pregnancies resulting in live births- Pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system (PRAMS), 2004-2008. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 61(2), 25-29.
Drayton, V., Montgomery, S., Modeste, N., Frye-Anderson, B. (2002-2003). The health belief model as a predictor of repeat pregnancies among Jamaican teenage mothers. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 21(1), 67-81.
Moreover, an 'abstinence-only' education program is sometimes perceived by teenagers as providing one-sided and medically inaccurate information. (Studies by Kirby, 1997 and Huberman, quoted in "educing Teenage Pregnancy" 2006) shift in attitudes towards teenage sexuality must occur in the U.S. To facilitate the development of appropriate policies and programs to reduce teenage pregnancy. Presently, sexual activity, rather than the pregnancies that can result from it, is seen as the problem requiring intervention. Teaching young people that premarital sex is a moral failure does not prevent pregnancy -- studies show that those with fearful and negative attitudes about sexuality are less likely to use contraception when they have sex than those who believe they have a right to decide to have sex (eiss, 1990).
It is, therefore, important to have a more comprehensive program of sexual education for teenagers that gives due recognition to the fact that sexual expression is a…...
mlaReferences
American Opinion on Teen Pregnancy and Related Issues 2003." (2004). Science Says: A Project of the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. Retrieved on May 18, 2007 at http://www.teenpregnancy.org/works/pdf/American_Opinion.pdf
Kirby, D. (2001). "Emerging answers: research findings on programs to reduce unwanted teenage pregnancy." National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. Retrieved on May 18, 2007 at http://www.teenpregnancy.org/resources/data/pdf/emeranswsum.pdf
Reducing Teenage Pregnancy." (2006). Planned Parenthood. Retrieved on May 18, 2007 at http://www.plannedparenthood.org/news-articles-press/politics-policy-issues/teen-pregnancy-sex-education/teenage-pregnancy-6240.htm
Reiss, Ira L. (1990). An End to the Shame: Shaping Our Next Sexual Revolution. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books.
According to Tamara Kreinin, president of the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the U.S., "Manipulating facts about condoms is using a scare tactic to try and get kids not to be sexually active" (Morse, 2002).
One of the consequences of a lack of full and complete information to youth actually causes self-imposed ignorance of their own safety. If adolescents do not get the proper education on protecting themselves from STDs, it is unlikely they will get much beyond playground rumor. In several reviews conducted by the U.S. Surgeon General and by the Committee of HIV Prevention, abstinence only programs have little to no effect on the sexual behavior of adolescents ("Abstinence"). Further, denying young people full and accurate information about sex, contraception, and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases puts them at needless health risks. The reality is that teens will talk about sex, will experiment, and will likely have…...
mlaREFERENCES
Boston:Economy. (2009, March). Retrieved December 2010, from City-Data.com: http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/the-Northeast/Boston-Economy.html
Health and Social Disparities. (2010, March). Retrieved December 2010, from Boston University: http://sph.bu.edu/Maternal-a-Child-Health/department-of-community-health-sciences/menu-id-617096.html
Linking Teen Pregnancy Prevention to Other Critical Social Issues. (2010, March). Retrieved November 2010, from the Namtional Campaign: http://www.thenationalcampaign.org/why-it-matters/pdf/introduction.pdf
Medical Research in Boston. (2010, February). Retrieved December 2010, from Boston University: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/
Teen Pregnancy
Compared to only a few decades ago, American society has become more open and accepting of teenage pregnancy. Pregnant teens are no longer hidden away with relatives. More importantly, many school and community groups have adopted honest and aggressive strategies to address the growing incidences of teenage pregnancy.
This paper evaluates the effectiveness of four different styles of programs in preventing pregnancy in teenage girls. These programs include sex education in schools, one-on-one conversations between patient and health care worker in a clinical setting, service learning programs and finally, youth development programs. Emphasis is given on the effectiveness of these programs in preventing pregnancy in teenage African-American girls.
The first part of this paper is an overview of teen pregnancy statistics, both throughout the United States and with African-American teenagers in particular. The next part of the paper then identifies the factors behind the rising rates of pregnancy among black teenagers.
In…...
mlaWorks Cited
Boekeloo, B.O., Schamus, L.A., Simmens, S.J., Cheng, T.L., O'Connor, K., & D'Angelo, L.J. 1999. "A STD/HIV prevention trial among adolescents in managed care." Pediatrics, 103, 107-115.
Harding, David. 2003. "Counterfactual Models of Neighborhood Effects: The Effect of Neighborhood Poverty on Dropping Out and Teenage Pregnancy." American Journal of Sociology. November.
Moore, Mignon R. And Lundsay P. Chase-Lansdale. 2001. "Sexual Intercourse and Pregnancy Among African-American Girls in High-Poverty Neighborhoods: The Role of Family and Perceived Community Environment." Journal of Marriage & the Family. November.
Napier, Kristine. 1999. "Abstinence-Only Programs Reduce Teen Pregnancy." Education. Tamara L. Roleff, Ed. At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press
Teen Pregnancy: The ole of Parental Support
A significant proportion of babies in the U.S. are born to women aged 15 to 19 years. In 2014 alone, 249,078 babies were delivered by teenage women, representing a birth rate of 24 in every 1,000 females in this age category (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016). This represents a historic low in the prevalence of teen pregnancy in the U.S. compared to two decades ago, with delayed and/or reduced sexual activity as well as increased use of birth control among teens believed to be the major contributors of the decline (CDC, 2016). Even so, teen pregnancy in the U.S. remains the highest in the developed world (Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2016).
Whereas majority of teen births are unintended and occur outside marriage, it is important to note that many of these are intended (Sekharan et al., 2015). At times,…...
mlaReferences
Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016). Teen pregnancy in the United
States. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) (2016). Trends in teen pregnancy and childbearing. Retrieved from: topics/reproductive-health/teen-pregnancy/trends.htmlhttps://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-health-
Macutkiewicz, J., & MacBeth, A. (2016). Intended adolescent pregnancy: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Adolescent Research Review, 1-17.
1. The impacts of teenage pregnancy on the individual, family, and community
2. Strategies for preventing teenage pregnancy in at-risk populations
3. The role of sex education in reducing teenage pregnancy rates
4. The societal stigmas and stereotypes surrounding teenage pregnancy
5. Teenage pregnancy and its link to poverty and social inequality
6. The psychological and emotional effects of teenage pregnancy on young mothers
7. The challenges faced by teenage fathers in the context of teenage pregnancy
8. Teenage pregnancy and its impact on education and future opportunities
9. The role of healthcare providers and support services in addressing teenage pregnancy
10. Media representation of teenage pregnancy and its....
The Alarming Impacts of Teenage Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Exploration
Introduction
Teenage pregnancy poses significant challenges for individuals, families, and communities. Its prevalence has been linked to a range of adverse social, economic, and health outcomes. This essay will comprehensively explore the alarming impacts of teenage pregnancy, examining its consequences on the physical, mental, and socioeconomic well-being of young mothers and their children.
Physical Health Consequences
Pregnant teenagers face a heightened risk of pregnancy complications, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Due to their immature physical development, they may experience uterine rupture, obstetric fistula, and other life-threatening emergencies. Moreover, their infants often have....
I. Introduction
A. Background information on teenage pregnancy
B. Thesis statement
II. Causes of Teenage Pregnancy
A. Lack of sex education
1. Insufficient knowledge about contraception methods
2. Misinformation about pregnancy prevention
B. Peer pressure
1. Influence from friends and social groups
2. Desire for acceptance and popularity
C. Absence of parental guidance
1. Lack of communication within the family
2. Deterioration of family values and morals
III. Consequences of Teenage Pregnancy
A. Health risks for the mother and child
1. Increased likelihood of complications during pregnancy and childbirth
2. Higher rates of preterm birth and low birth weight babies
B. Education....
Outline of the Potential Risks and Challenges Associated with Teenage Pregnancy
I. Physical Risks to the Mother
A. Preterm labor and premature birth
B. Low birth weight babies
C. Gestational diabetes
D. Preeclampsia and eclampsia
E. Postpartum hemorrhage
F. Cesarean delivery
II. Physical Risks to the Baby
A. Prematurity and its associated health problems
B. Low birth weight and its associated health problems
C. Cerebral palsy
D. Mental retardation
E. Respiratory distress syndrome
F. Jaundice
III. Social and Emotional Risks to the Mother
A. Dropping out of school
B. Poverty
C. Homelessness
D. Child abuse and neglect
E. Mental health problems
F. Relationship....
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