Teaching Strategies
Mainstreaming involves placing special education students in regular classrooms as much as possible, and using resource rooms where the student receives special tutoring, review and instruction. Inclusion, which is considered a goal of mainstreaming is the total integration of special education students and services into the general education classroom where special education teachers collaborate with general education teachers to teach the entire class. There is still debate in education about the pros and cons of total inclusion of special education students as opposed to having them in special classes. Full inclusion of special education students would require restructuring several traditional educational policies. It also necessitates extensive collaboration between special education teachers, general education teachers, and support paraprofessionals. And it requires restructuring of the curriculum and lessons. One of the critical issues in mainstreaming and inclusion is the training of the teachers involved. This perhaps decides, more than other factors,…...

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References.

1.Bricker, D. (2000). Inclusion: How the scene has changed. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education. Spring 2000. Retrieved October 23, 2003,from Find Articles database.  http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/mOHDG/1-20/68206898/print.jhtml 

2. Frederickson, N., Turner, Jane J. (2003). Utilizing the classroom peer group to address children's social needs: an evaluation of the circle of friends intervention approach. Journal of Special Education. Winter 2003. Retrieved October 23, 2003, from Find articles database.  http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/mOHDF/4_36/97116591/print.jhtml .

3. Kohler, Frank W., Strain, Philip S. (1999). Maximizing peer-mediated resources in integrated preschool classroom. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education. Summer 1999. Retrieved October 23, 2003, from Find articles database.  http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/mOHDG/2_19/55149241/print.html

Teaching Strategies
Problems Long Division

Area Perimeter and Volume

atio Proportion Percentages

Strategic teaching describes an instructional process that focus on student's thinking capabilities and goes well beyond that. Strategic learning is correlated with strategic teaching. A strategic teacher should have an understanding of variables regarding instruction and he is required to be aware of the cognitive requirements of learning like sense of timing and a style of management. He should be a thinker and decision maker while possessing a rich knowledge base and last but not the least he is modeler and mediator of instructions (Montague & Jitendra, 2006; Mccuien, 2011).

Classroom management is another point for strategic teaching, which is considered to be the most important in maintaining an effective teaching environment that the lessons are running smoothly each day. As a teacher, one must encourage and motivate his pupil and it should be of top priorities. It is a key to drive…...

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Reference

Archer, A.L. & Hughes, C.A., 2011. Explicit Instruction: Effective and Efficient Teaching. s.l.:Guilford Press.

Handley, B., 2010. Speed Math for Kids: The Fast, Fun Way To Do Basic Calculations. s.l.:John Wiley & Sons.

Mccuien, A., 2011. Teach Multiplication, Division, and the Time Table All at the Same Time: An Instructional Guide for Learning Basic Math Skills. s.l.:AuthorHouse.

Montague, M. & Jitendra, A.K., 2006. Teaching Mathematics to Middle School Students With Learning Difficulties. s.l.:Guilford Press.

As such students at similar levels in both categories were grouped together to ensure optimal benefits for all participants.
When evaluated on a practical level, it was found that communicating the benefits of the program to refugee communities was critical to success. Parents in these communities needed to understand that the program offers a pathway for their children towards success and employment, as well as an effective future in the country.

Specifically, the program offers a "hands on" learning opportunity for students in Years 11 and 12 of their secondary schooling. While it is a recognized senior qualification, its focus is on practical learning, helping students to enter apprenticeships, training at TAFE, or entering the workforce after completing their schooling. The program is sufficiently flexible to allow students to design study programs that suit their needs and interests on a very practical level. This creates a platform to help young people…...

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References

Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (2008), Strengthening Outcomes: Refugee Students in Government Schools, DEECD, Melbourne.  http://www.eduweb.vic.gov.au/edulibrary/public/teachlearn/student/StrengtheningOutcomes-rpt-v1.pdf 

Department of Education, Employment and Training (2001), Guidelines for Managing Cultural and Linguistic Diversity in Schools, DEET, Melbourne.  http://www.eduweb.vic.gov.au/edulibrary/public/teachlearn/student/lem/GuidelinesforSchools.pdf 

Francis, S and Cornfoot, S (2007). Working with Multicultural Youth: Programs, Strategies and Future Directions, Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth, Woden, ACT. Available at http://www.cmy.net.au/Assets/212/1/working_with_multicultural_youth_programs_october_2007.pdf

Garrett, K.E. (2006, Aug.) Living in America: Cheallenges Facing new Immigrants and Refugees. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Available at  http://www.policyarchive.org/handle/10207/bitstreams/21623.pdf

Teaching Strategies for Students With ADHD
The article by authors Kiuhara, O'Neill, Hawken, & Graham discuss ways to improve persuasive writing in high school students. They stress the importance of persuasive writing because students with ADHD had difficulty planning and drafting text. Any teaching strategy that dealt with these weaknesses could improve the writing ability of a student with ADHD. "Intervention studies with younger, middle school students with disabilities shows that their persuasive writing can be improved by teaching them strategies for planning and drafting such text" (Kiuhara, O'Neill, Hawken, & Graham, 2012, p. 337).

The authors found a modified version, developed by De La Paz and Graham geared towards the education of younger middle school students, can be upgraded so that it would be more relevant to high school aged students (Kiuhara, O'Neill, Hawken, & Graham, 2012). The De La Paz and Graham approach addressed two sets of intellectual processes condensed…...

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References

Kiuhara, S.A., O'Neill, R.E., Hawken, L.S., & Graham, S. (2012). The Effectiveness of Teaching 10th-Grade Students STOP, AIMS, and DARE for Planning and Drafting Persuasive Text. Exceptional Children, 78(3), 335-355. Retrieved from  http://ecx.sagepub.com/content/78/3/335.full.pdf+html

Education
A sad reality in the world today is that many school children suffer academically not so much because of a lack of prowess as because of the various social and economic challenges they face. Countless children suffer economic pressures at home and have little time or energy left to pay attention to school world. More often than not, parental support for school children in these circumstances is minimal at best and non-existent at worst. Many of these children are also from minority groups and sometimes find themselves the brunt of racial slurs and prejudice at school. It is therefore well nigh impossible to classify these children as anything other than "at risk." It is with these students in mind that numerous studies have been conducted focusing on educational strategies and programs that could assist children classified as at risk. This literature review will focus on what educators can learn in…...

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References

Lanier, M. And Glasson, G. (2014). Investigating Strategies for Enhancing Achievement for Urban African-American Students in Middle School Science Classroom. Insights on Learning Disabilities 11(1). Retrieved from: www.ldworldwide.org

Oreopoulos, P., Brown, R.S., and Lavecchia, A.M. (2014, Aug.). Pathways to Education: An Integrated Approach to Helping At-Risk High School Students. National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved from: http://chairepro.mobme.info/

Paul-Fitzpatrick, A. (2014). Implementing teaching strategies to students with difficulties in learning in a mainstream inner city school -- teachers' experiences. Research Report. Retrieved from:  http://uwispace.sta.uwi.edu/ 

Wolniak, G.C., Rude, P.A., and Rekoutis, P.A. (2012, Apr.). Fault Lines in Postsecondary Educational Opportunity: A Mixed-Methods Examination of At-Risk Students. AERA Annual Meeting. Retrieved from:  http://www.norc.org/

Lesson Plan - Nurses
The context in which the lesson plan will be implemented will be a classroom setting with nursing students attending a graduate level course in nursing. The classroom does not necessarily have to be a physical classroom but can be taught in a clinical environment as well. The lesson plan can also be adapted to small groups or large classroom sizes. For this particular paper, the lesson plan is geared towards a large classroom environment with at least 20 graduate student nurses between the ages of 21 and 43 years old. The lesson topic is one that is defined by both the use of motor skills and the implementation of technology, as well as cognitive recognition of the capabilities of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) when used to create, modify, maintain and transmit an Electronic Patient ecord (EP).

Learning objectives

There are a number of different learning objectives that this…...

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References

Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning (2010) accessed on December 9, 2011 at  http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html 

Hauer, J. & Quill, T.; (2011) Educational needs assessment, development of learning objectives, and choosing a teaching approach, Journal of Palliative Medicine, Vol. 14, Issue 4, pp. 503 -- 508

Sharma, S.; Sastri, O.; Ahluwalia, P.K.; (2010) Design of instructional objectives of undergraduate solid state physics course: A first step to physics education research, AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 1263, Issue 1, pp. 171 -- 174

Tschannen, D. & Kalisch, B.J.; (2009) The impact of nurse/physician collaboration on patient length of stay, Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 17, Issue 7, pp. 796 -- 803

Nursing Distance Education Research
Distance education is continually growing and expanding, including in nursing education, but problems still exist. Many educators have limited background in high-end technologies and instructional design (Holly, 2009). There is concern on how the technological revolution is affecting nurse educators in times of educator shortages (Axley, 2008). There is also concerns in teaching methods where the majority of questions are lower level questions with limited high level questions, such as analysis, synthesis, or evaluation, as well as problem-based learning may not obtain all needed criteria (Russell, 2007).

Today's learners are active and self-directed with widely varied knowledge, background, interests, and educational gaps (Holly, 2009). The different healthcare settings require a nurse's literacy in information technology for evidence-based practice, such as with electronic medical records. Nurse educators need strong knowledge in information technologies and instructional design to include all needed curriculum as well as core competencies, informatics, and the…...

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Works Cited

Axley, L. (2008). The Integration of Technology into Nursing Curriculum: Supporting Faculty via the Technology Fellowship Program. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 13(3), Retrieved from  http://www.nursingworld.org/MaianMenuCategories...Article/PreviousTopic/IntegrationofTechnology.html .

Holly, C. (2009). The Case of Distant Education in Nursing. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 5(3), Retrieved from  http://jolt.merlot.org/vol5no3/holly_0909.htm .

Russell, A.T. (2007). Teaching Strategies Promoting Active Learning in Healthcare Education. Journal of Education and Human Development 1(1), Retrieved from http://www.scientificjournals.org/journals2007/articles/1025.htm.

Formative Action Research
The goal of teaching is to have students achieve the desired learning outcomes through retaining concepts and applying them to real-world scenarios. However, there are various teaching techniques that are available to teachers in their efforts to promote student learning and achievement. In most cases, teachers tend to use the same teaching and learning approaches that were used to teach them. As the modern society continues to develop, there are concerns regarding the most suitable teaching strategy that would help to meet students’ needs and learning goals. Current teaching approaches are classified either as teacher-led or student-led teaching techniques. For new and existing teachers, the identification of the most suitable strategy to employ in the classroom is critical toward achieving the desired learning goals and improving student achievement through meeting their learning needs.
Part 1: Purpose, Problem Statement, and Research Questions
Purpose
This formative action research paper seeks to explore an…...

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References

Meguid, E.A. & Collins, M. (2017, March 17). Students’ Perceptions of Lecturing Approaches: Traditional Versus Interactive Teaching. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 8, 229-241.

The Room 241 Team. (2012, December 31). Which is Best: Teacher-Centered or Student-Centered Education? Retrieved from Concordia University - Portland website:

https://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/classroom-resources/which-is-best-teacher-centered-or-student-centered-education/

Low Preparation of ESL Teachers and Students' Scores
Crumpler, . (2014). ESL Teacher electracy: A shift from flat to digital teaching and learning.

ESL Globe, 10 (2) Retrieved from: https://www.ncsu.edu/eslglobe/ELECTRACY.htm

ESL education, like all of education, is changing. The article stresses the need for ESL teachers to focus on the 3Cs of critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity. ESL teachers often struggle with teaching students how to synthesize and analyze texts in a new language. Teachers need to also prepare students to cope with online standardized assessments. PARCC and Smarter alanced Assessments will soon be digitalized, along with many other common state and national standardized tests. Using technology is a critical component of ESL education, particularly for students unfamiliar with technology in their home environments.

Duff, P. (2001). Language, literacy, content, and (pop) culture: Challenges for ESL students in mainstream courses. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 58 (1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.58.1.103

Unfamiliarity with the cultural assumptions…...

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Book Literature

Vernon, S. (2012). ESL Classroom Activities for Teens and Adults: ESL games, fluency activities and grammar drills for EFL and ESL students. 3rd Ed. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

One way to enhance ESL student's comfort level with using English independently and to acculturate them to slang and English vocabulary is the use of games in the classroom. This book discusses how to use games like BINGO, Mad Libs, movie trivia, and creative storytelling to overcome student shyness. "Games provide a safe, fun outlet for competitive urges" and prevent students from becoming to grade-focused even while they teach important skills (Vernon, 2012, p.12).

Instructional Unit Classrooms have traditionally been the stage for social change as they provide avenues for promoting and accelerating new ideas. As part of promoting and accelerating new ideas, teachers help students to develop critical thinking, self-reflection and collaboration skills that are essential to promote the creation of a better society (Blake, 2020). Therefore, diversity and social justice are important to social work and related curricular content. Accreditation standards including Common Core Standards mandate curricular content for teaching diversity and social justice. When developing instructional strategies for their classes, teachers need to integrate diversity and social justice components with respect to mandated curricular content. This instructional 3-week unit for 6th grade history class leverages a contemporary educational theme in diversity and social justice.
Unit Background and Contemporary Educational Theme
As they continue to progress in their learning, sixth grade students are generally ready to enhance their understanding of history. The study of history…...

Teaching Strategy for Special Ed
Special Education Standard

Direct instruction is the most widely-used teaching strategy, although it has become controversial in recent years. Critics argue that it limits the creativity of good teachers and provides a crutch for poor ones (What is direct instruction? 2011). It is a teacher-centered approach that relies on structured lesson plans, offering little or no variation and no opportunity for discussion or active participation. The effectiveness of direct instruction has been demonstrated widely but it can be a poor choice for students with disabilities who would benefit from another approach.

What is Direct Instruction?

"Direct instruction is a theory of education which posits that the most effective way to teach is by explicit, guided instructions" (What is direct instruction? 2011). Although it is the oldest form of instruction, it gained attention in the 1980s when implemented in the schools of inner-city Baltimore. Instruction was scripted, with prepared lesson…...

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References

Adams, G., and Carnine, D. (2003). Direct instruction. National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities. Retrieved from  http://nichcy.org/research/summaries/abstract1 

National Institute for Direct Instruction. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://www.nifdi.org/15/ 

What is direct instruction? (2011). Teach-nology. Retrieved from http://www.teach-

nology.com/teachers/methods/models/direct/

We talked in class about the things a flat person would have trouble doing and the dangers that a flat person might encounter.

The parts of decorating and sending the flat person worked because it allowed children of all abilities and educational needs to become involved with the project and have a hands on approach to the story.

The areas where I feel the lesson was weak included the testing of the story comprehension through written testing. The children are still learning to correlate storylines to ideas and some of them had difficulty moving to the next strategy of teaching with regard to the story.

When I do this project next year I will incorporate some music that can relate to the story so that children can learn to imbed the story in their minds through the memory of lyrics and musical notes that go with it.

The children did grasp the concept of…...

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References

Brown, Jeff. Flat Stanley. Publisher: HarperTrophy; Revised edition (March 1996)

Post-Observation of Field Teaching Experiences The purpose of this paper is to provide a description concerning what was learned about teaching and learning in the course in general and through the observation of real-world classroom teachers as well as how this author plans to implement the lessons learned in his own teaching practice. To this end, a series of major take-aways on teaching and learning are discussed together with supporting examples, followed by a description of selected learning strategies and evidence-based practices that were observed which the author intends to implement to support student learning. Finally, a summary of the teaching experiences and the findings that emerged from this reflection are presented in the conclusion.
Major take-aways
The four field experiences completed during this course yielded a number of significant take-aways that provided valuable insights and exemplars, but the following observations represent those that had a particularly significant impact:
· Young learners are not…...

Teaching Critical Thinking
Critical thinking has been explained as the capability to evaluate and assess information and facts. Critical thinkers establish important issues and concerns, construct them clearly, collect and examine pertinent data, make use of abstract concepts, contemplate open-mindedly, and also communicate efficiently with other individuals (Duron et al., 2006).

I recommend the following 4 teaching strategies to be the most relevant to critical thinking. (We will only discuss two in detail here):

Utilize higher order thinking questions during instruction and assessment

Teach the process

Adapt tasks and assessments

Incorporate games into lessons

Teaching Strategy 1: Utilize higher order thinking questions during instruction and assessment

"Teachers who have been great questioners inspire their learners, promote higher level thinking, support creativeness, as well as improve self-concept in their learners and also themselves." (Johnson, 1990)

Teaching that encourages critical thinking utilizes questioning methods that demand students to evaluate, synthesize, and also assess information and facts to resolve issues and make…...

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References

Duron, R., Limbach, B. And Waugh, W. (2006). Critical Thinking Framework For Any Discipline. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, Volume 17, Number 2, 160-166.

Hemming, H.E. (2000). Encouraging critical thinking: "But.. .what does that mean?" Journal of Education, 35(2), 173.

Johnson, N.L. (1990). Questioning makes the Difference. Beavercreek, OH; Pieces of Learning.

Wyatt, M.A. And O'Malley, P. (2011). Instructional Approaches and Strategies to Foster Critical Thinking. Maryland Assessment Group Conference.

Teaching Diversity in the Classroom
In recent decades it has become increasingly important that educators understand the importance of multicultural education. Given that society has become more pluralistic and diverse, there is a need for a curriculum that focuses on diversity. This research proposal recognizes that diversity can and should be taught, and proposes a methodology for doing so.

This project reviews the literature on teaching diversity. Achieving diversity in higher education involves a wide range of approaches. Teaching diversity includes the need to recruit and maintain a diverse student body, as well as faculty, and to provide instruction to a diverse group of students, provide an inclusive curriculum that reflects the contributions of non-Western and minority groups, and to teach so as to critically examine the humanities and the professions from perspectives of groups that have been marginalized.

The Center for Instructional Diversity in Research divides strategies for diversity in teaching into…...

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Bibliography

Banks, J.A., Cookson, P., Gay, G., Hawley, W.D., Irvine, J.J., Nieto, S…Stephan, W.G. (2001). Diversity within unity: Essential principles for teaching and learning in a multicultural society. The Phi Delta Kappan, 83(3), 196-198, 200-203. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20440100

Center for Instructional Diversity in Research. (2008). Inclusive teaching. University of Washington. Retrieved November 9, 2011 from: http://depts.washington.edu/cidrweb/inclusive/diversify.html

Center for Teaching. (2011). Diversity & inclusive teaching. Vanderbilt University. Retrieved November 9, 2011 from:  http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/teaching-guides/interactions/diversity/ 

Davis, B.G. (1993). Tools for teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass

Teachers play a crucial and multi-faceted role in promoting literacy across all subjects, not just in language arts. This role extends beyond traditional reading and writing skills to encompass a wide range of literacy types, including digital, informational, and subject-specific literacies. Here’s an overview of the key roles teachers play in literacy for all students in all subjects:

Facilitators of Skill Development: Teachers are responsible for developing students' basic literacy skills, including reading, writing, speaking, and listening. This is essential across all subjects, as these skills are the foundation for understanding and engaging with content in any area.

Integrators of Subject-Specific Literacy:....

1. Discuss the role of genetics in the development of ADHD and how it impacts learning and memory processes in individuals with the disorder.
2. Evaluate the neurological basis of ADHD and its impact on cognitive functions such as attention, working memory, and executive functions.
3. Analyze the relationship between ADHD and learning disabilities, and how these co-occurring conditions affect memory formation and retention.
4. Explore the effectiveness of different pharmacological interventions for ADHD in enhancing learning and memory abilities in individuals with the disorder.
5. Discuss the potential role of neuroplasticity and neurogenesis in improving learning and memory outcomes in individuals with ADHD.
6.....

There are several ways to learn about student cognitive ability and learning styles. Here are some steps you can take to better understand and support your students:

1. Conduct assessments: Use standardized tests, informal assessments, and observations to gather information about students' cognitive abilities and learning styles.

2. Analyze data: Review assessment results to identify patterns and trends in students' learning strengths and weaknesses.

3. Engage with students: Get to know your students on a personal level and communicate with them about their learning preferences and challenges.

4. Utilize learning style inventories: Use tools like the VARK questionnaire or Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles....

I. Introduction
- Introduce the topic of the essay and explain the significance of philosophical thoughts, historical foundation, and social science theories in education

II. Importance of Philosophical Thoughts in Education
- Discuss how philosophical thoughts shape the goals and values of education
- Explain how philosophical perspectives influence teaching methods and curriculum design
- Give examples of prominent philosophers and their impact on education

III. Historical Foundation of Education
- Explore the evolution of education throughout history
- Explain how historical events and movements have shaped modern educational practices
- Discuss the importance of understanding the historical context of education for educators

IV. Significance of Social Science Theories in....