4)
II. Peter Senge - the Learning Organization

Peter Senge, who describes himself as the "idealistic pragmatist" states that learning organizations are: "...organizations where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning to see the whole together." (1990: p.3) the learning organization in the view of Senge is an organization that has the capacity to adapt in an environment of rapid change and because of their flexibility will grow and excel. These types of organizations have learned how to connect to the commitment of the individuals in the organization and have the capacity to experience growth through learning at all levels. The learning organization is one that is perpetually and intentionally seeking to expand its creative capacity. According to Senge the organization must do more than…...

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Bibliography

Merrill, Martha (nd) Dialogue from Peter Senge's Perspective. Dialogue Digest. Online available at  http://www.soapboxorations.com/ddigest/senge.htm 

O'Callaghan, William G. Jr. (2004) Think Like Peter Senge: Applying His Laws of Systems Thinking to Identify Patterns that Shape Behavior. School Administrator Journal. November 2004. Online available at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0JSD/is_10_61/ai_n7069371/pg_3 

Peter M. Senge (1990) the Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization (New York: Currency Doubleday, 1990), 371

Peter Senge Interview on Organizational Learning. Economic Development Leader - Creating the Leading Edge in Economic Development. 1 Apr 2007. Online available at  http://econdevleader.blogspot.com/2007/04/peter-senge-interview-on-organizational.html

This is especially important in the context of the Broker Front Office Tool (BFOT) strategies aimed at streamlining attracting, selling to, and servicing indirect channel partners and resellers. This aspect of bringing the Voice of the Customer (VoC) into the transformation of it initiatives into channel-based strategies is even more difficult than evolving change management programs within the four walls of any organization. Bringing change to agents and the indirect channels in the context of the Broker Front Office Tool (BFOT) forces the issue of gross margins, channel training, and pricing applications, three of the highest priorities for any agent, to the forefront of the change management strategies. Literally any channel relationship hinges on these three priorities and the extent to which strategies can be created to accentuate and strengthen a company's ability to deliver on these is the extent of the lasting success of any channel-facing strategy. it'…...

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References

The Agenda (2003) - Chapter 4: Put Processes First. The Agenda: What Every Business Must Do to Dominate the Decade. Accessed from Michael Hammer and Company website on October 2, 2006:

http://www.hammerandco.com/publications-agenda-ch4.asp

Aguirre, Calderone, Jones (2004) -10 Principles of Change Management. Resilience Report, Booz, Allen Hamilton. New York, NY. Accessed from the Internet on October 2, 2006:

 http://www.strategy-business.com/resilience/rr00006?pg=all

.. Second, to understand a system we need to understand how it fits into the larger system of which it is a part... Third, and most important, what we call the parts need not be taken as primary. In fact, how we define the parts is fundamentally a matter of perspective and purpose, not intrinsic in the nature of the 'real thing' we are looking at. (Kofman and Senge, 1993, p. 27)
This systems thinking allows an individual to grow as part of the whole system and not an individual entity. Individual success is thus dependent on how the system functions and how he manages to influence it from his position in it. For example, a manager in the advertising department can no longer think about his department alone but needs to understand that his performance will directly influence other departments such as sales and finance.

eference:

Kofman, Fred and Peter M. Senge…...

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Reference:

Kofman, Fred and Peter M. Senge "Communities of Commitment: The Heart of Learning Organizations." Organization Dynamics.

Despite the occasionally inherent resistance to the learning process in some systems and within certain individuals, Senge stresses a manager must have a vision of a learning organization as a group of people who are continually enhancing their capabilities to create what they want to create. He calls his own view as that of an idealistic pragmatist, seeing organizations as places "where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning to see the whole together." (Senge, 1990, p.3) "hen you ask people about what it is like being part of a great team, what is most striking is the meaningfulness of the experience. People talk about being part of something larger than themselves, of being connected, of being generative."(Senge, 1990, p.13) Thus learning is…...

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Works Cited

Senge, Peter. (1990) Catalyzing Systems Thinking Within Organizations.

Senge, Peter (1994) The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook: Strategies and Tools for Building a Learning Organization.

System optimization can also apply to the organization itself where the primary goal is profit maximization. Since an organization also runs as a system, it is important to get all its resources pooled together in the manner that best meets the specific needs of the organization. Optimization thus should not be confused with speed, increased activity, higher technology etc.
We know a system is working well when it is meeting all the needs of the organization in helping it achieve its targets and goals. There must not be any bottlenecks and delays for us to conclude that the system is working properly. System optimization helps in attaining just the right kind of balance required to produce the best results. This optimization level may be too low or too high for another firm but as long as it meets the needs of this organization, we can safely conclude that the system…...

What is Systems Thinking? Systems thinking is an ongoing process that involves seeing the big picture, even while acknowledging the importance of details. One of the pillars of servant leadership, systems thinking allows the leader to make decisions that take the entire organization and its values into account. For example, the leader of one department would not make a choice that adversely affected any other department in the organization. A systems thinker aligns ethics with organizational goals.
Systems are by definition complex, involving multiple roles, components, values, and views. Thus to be a systems thinker, a servant leader needs to be comfortable with complexity (Laub, 2018; Sipe & Frick, 1993). A servant leader needs to respect diversity of opinion and outlook, and draw connections between multiple parties and their seemingly conflicting needs. Likewise, systems thinking requires adaptability and flexibility. The servant leader needs to be aware of his or her own assumptions…...

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References

Davis, C. (2018). Servant leadership and systems thinking.

Laub, J. (2018). Leveraging the Power of Servant Leadership. West Palm Beach: Palgrave.

Sipe, J.W. & Frick, D.M. (1993). Seven Pillars of Servant Leadership. New Jersey: Paulist.

https://research.phoenix.edu/center-workplace-diversity-and-inclusion-research/blog/servant-leadership-and-systems-thinking

Abstract A case study of a tech start-up reveals some of the challenges associated with implementing systems theory in new product development. This area of study hold promise, but there are some implementation issues in the real world that have been identified and perhaps in need of further exploration.
Introduction
Systems thinking focuses on the interrelatedness of different systems, different roles and different disciplines. The system is not simply a set of parts, but it is how the parts work together, how they interact with one another, that forms the system. By focusing on the integrated whole, systems thinking is a natural fit for new product development. Most new product development is overseen by a project manager who works with the different teams involved to drive the new product from concept to market. The reality is that this role should naturally involve a level of systems thinking.
Yet, there is scant literature on the…...

Poblem Solving
Systems Thinking, Technology, and Oganizational Change

Models of Poblem Solving

Diffeent Appoaches to Poblem Solving

Bainstoming

Risk Assessment

Flow Chats

Mind Mapping

Identification of Complex Poblem

Analyzing the Poblem

Identification of a Range of Potential Solutions

Constaints

Evaluation of Potential Solutions

Phase IV

Evaluating Pogess

Implementation Pocess

Risk Assessment

Acceleating Change

Fomative and Summative Evaluation

Values and Ethical Issues

Values

Copoate Responsibility and Ethics

Thinking and Decision Making Stategies

Poblem Solving Pocess

Complex Poblem Solving

This section of the pape is focusing on the intoduction of complex poblem solving, which eflects the affiliation between the meanings of classical poblem-solving and complex poblem-solving. Complex poblem solving tasks ae situations involving dynamic envionments because untimely actions decide the envionment fo subsequent decisions that ae equied to be made with the featues of the task envionment and it can be changed independently of the action of solves (Funke, 2010; Chan, et al., 2012). On the othe hand, time dependent is also a situation of complex poblem solving because decisions ae equied to be made timely…...

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references

Ethics

Meanings

Inspirations

what matters

Discussion 2: Application of Theories in Project ManagementChange theories and systems thinking are important in nursing practice owing to the fact that they support safety and quality activities. Systems thinking includes a body of tools, methods, and theories which address various concerns in healthcare (Peters, 2014). Therefore, it would be prudent to note that systems thinking helps healthcare professionals come to terms with prevailing events and think of how improvements can be made in the realm of healthcare. According to Peters (2014), systems thinking also involves a wide range of theories which are used to explain a particular phenomenon. Tools in systems thinking are applied in different settings in healthcare. For instance, some systems such as systems archetypes facilitate teams and help them understand patterns that may be applied to the situation. Other systems thinking tools such as process mapping, social network analyses, and network mapping are used to analyze…...

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References

Grant, C. & Osanloo, A. (2014). Understanding, Selecting, and Integrating a

Theoretical Framework in Dissertation Research: Creating the Blueprint for your “House”. Administrative Issues Journal: Connecting Education, Practice, and Research, 4(2), 12-26.

Peters, D. H. (2014). The Application of Systems Thinking in Health: Why Use Systems Thinking? Health Res Policy Syst, 12, 51.

System Issues & Chikfila
Systems thinking is a way of synthesizing the issues surrounding any organization in both a macro and micro manner. This allows more shared values through teamwork, mental paradigms, the ability to think in the future, and look at projects in a way that are best for the organization as a holistic entity. Thus, when the process of inquiry is moved from the individual and rote (only knowledge) to an organization that moves through different, more analytical modes of thinking, the individual involved are more active participants and there is a shared vision alone with a personal and team mastery of the question in point. This evolution engenders personal buy-in, a feeling of empowerment, and clearly a new way of processing disparate information (Senge, 2006).

Chick-Fil -- A is an American fast food restaurant chain specializing in Chicken Sandwiches. Their headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia, and have approximately 1600…...

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Works Cited and Consulted

Chick Fil -- a Controversy. (2013). The Huffington Post. Retrieved from:  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/news/chick-fil-a-controversy 

Chick-Fil-a. (2013). Press Releases. Retrieved from:  http://www.chick-fil-a.com /Pressroom/Press-Releases#?release=LGBT-statement

Chick-Fil-a. (2010). Corporate Message. Retrieved from:

They must never become complacent and assume that they have considered all factors and can now relax, or they can slip into the "boiling frog" phenomenon: circumstances may turn so gradually negative that they do not notice the changes until they have large problems instead of small ones to solve (Beckford, 2002).
Conclusion

Just as the example of the soldiers at the bridge faced with a battle situation for which they had no previous experience, business leaders must expect the unexpected. If they create a culture of lifelong learning within their businesses, their staff and employees will always be open to looking at old facts in new ways, ready to find forward-thinking solutions. uch a company philosophy and structure can keep even the oldest company packed with fresh ideas and innovative solutions to the new problems they face.

Annotated Bibliography

Barker, Randolph T., and Camarata, Martin R. 1998. "The Role of Communication in…...

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Swanson and Torrco discuss how the Human Resources Department must not only support but play an active part in a company's overall business strategy. Because of this they must be an integral part in any kind of systems thinking. The authors give multiple examples, such as the type of traning given to employees as well as their efforts to maintain the quality of employees' work. How such HR goals are achieved will have a profound effect on company culture and must be part of the company's overall plan.

Vogelsang-Coombs, Vera. 1997. "Governance Education: Helping City Councils Learn." Public Administration Review, Vol. 57.

This article tightly focuses on how one group can become dysfunctional -- city councils. The authors suggest ways city councils can learn to function more effectively. While it remains to be seen if city councils, as a group, would put in the time and effort to use systems thinking to improve their functioning, and whether dynamics within the group would or would not thwart such attempts, the article has a good discussion on "groupthink," a group phenomenon that blinds the group to lurking risks and dangers.

Systems Thinking
The key constructs of systems thinking were constituted in the first half of the 20th century in fields such as psychology, ecology, organismal biology, and cybernetics (Capra 1997). They include: sub-systems/parts/wholes, environment/system/boundary, process/structure, emerging properties, hierarchy of organizations, negative and positive feedback, data and control, open systems, holism, and the observer. The practical application of these constructs in many fields was discovered by von Bertalanffy (1950). He referred to these concepts as general systems theory (GST). These concepts were adapted in Organizational research and Management science (O/MS) and were referred to as management cybernetics (Beer 1967), systems engineering (Hall 1962), system four dynamics (Forrester 1968), and finally, in what we might refer to as the systems approach (Churchman 1968; Klir 1969; Weinberg 1975) (Mingers & White, 2009).

The systems thinking/systems approach, has been closely linked to the growth of organizational research and management science. At the start it was intimately…...

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References

Beer, S., 1967. Cybernetics and Management, English Universities Press: London.

Beer S (1984). The Viable System Model: Its Provenance, Development, Methodology and Pathology. Journal of the Operational Research Society 35(7): 25.

Bezuidenhout, C. & Bodhanya, S., 2010. Identifying opportunities in South African sugarcane supply-chain-systems: A synopsis, limitations and recommendations. Report to the South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Mount Edgecombe: s.n.

Burnett SM and Durant-Law GA (2008). Applying the RAAAKERS framework in an analysis of the command and control arrangements of the ADF Garrison Health Support. Journal of Military and Veterans' Health 17: 19-26.

Collaboration on Systems Thinking in Project Design A critical component towards improving patient outcomes and improving the effectiveness of care delivery processes is better patient-provider communication. However, the modern healthcare environment comprises patients from different racial, ethnic and cultural backgrounds, which sometimes generate language barriers during patient care delivery. Language barrier is a major challenge to Limited English Proficient (LEP) patients seeking for primary and preventative care. Patient-provider communication issues have continued to face many elderly Hispanics suffering from diabetes due to language barriers. This project seeks to examine whether the use of a bilingual interpreter call during provider visits compared to utilizing family members as interpreters, enhance medication adherence over a 3-month period.
An important component in the implementation of this project is a systems thinking approach that would help determine its relevance to the healthcare system. According to Haines (1999), systems thinking is an approach through which we visualize the…...

For example, somebody with no knowledge of military jargon and technology may struggle with understanding how the military works. Systems theory allows that person to examine the linkages and structures within the military, and then to understand how those linkages and structures work towards the desired outcomes. This understanding comes on a broad level, and does not require the observer to understand the nuances of military jargon and technology.
Systems thinking also allows the observer to understand similarities and differences between systems. Understanding the similarities between systems that on the surface level are entirely unrelated is difficult when the observer is focused on the superficialities, but an examination of the underlying systems allows for this understanding to take place. The university, for example, is more similar to a military unit than it is to a symphony. hile within the university there is a clear structure of command, there is a…...

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Works Cited:

Federov, G. (2001). The military unit as part of the Armed Forces' economic system. Military Thought. Retrieved October 31, 2010 from  http://dlib.eastview.com/browse/doc/400163 

Roelofs, L. (no date). Organizational change: Open systems concepts applied. Symphony Orchestra Institute. Retrieved October 31, 2010 from http://www.soi.org/reading/change/concepts.shtml

Similarly, a team of employees working together is greater in terms of skills, abilities, and potential personality conflicts than any one individual working alone.
Systems theory still functions as an important reminder that all systems have optimal sizes, and need to work in concert with the whole business environment. In today's merger-made climate, and in a world where taking a holistic, international perspective is important for all levels of management, systems theory can still be helpful to adopt a multidimensional and broad-reaching perspective, a reminder that bigger is not always better -- and that even when bigger is better, the bigger organization is not the same as what existed before a merger. System theory's weaknesses lie in its difficulty in treating individual employee problems, and motivating individual employees, as it provides little psychological advise as to how to motivate an 'organism's different parts, but these weaknesses do not discount the…...

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Works Cited

Kauffman, Jr., Draper L. (1980) "Systems 1: An Introduction to Systems Thinking." Edited by Stephen. A. Carlton. From The Innovative Learning Series by Futures Systems, Inc. Minneapolis, MN: Stephen A. Carlton. Cited by McNamara, Carter. (1999) "Thinking about Organizations as Systems." Management Help Website. Retrieved 9 Aug 2006 at  http://www.managementhelp.org/org_thry/org_sytm.htm#anchor1122549

1. Systems thinking plays a crucial role in shaping corporate strategy by emphasizing the interconnections and relationships between various components of a business, leading to a more holistic and sustainable approach to decision-making.

2. By adopting a systems thinking approach, organizations are better equipped to identify potential risks and opportunities in the marketplace, allowing for more informed strategic planning and allocation of resources.

3. The integration of systems thinking into project management processes enhances overall project success by promoting a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between different stakeholders, technologies, and market forces.

4. Systems thinking enables companies to take....

1. Systems thinking provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the interconnectedness of corporate strategy and projects, enabling organizations to make more informed and holistic decisions.

2. By considering the relationships between projects and the broader corporate context, systems thinking enhances project alignment with strategic goals, reducing the risk of misallocation of resources and project failures.

3. Systems thinking empowers organizations to anticipate and mitigate potential risks and dependencies across projects, ensuring a more integrated and efficient project portfolio management approach.

4. Adopting a systems thinking mindset fosters collaboration and communication among project teams, breaking down silos and promoting a shared understanding of strategic....

1. The Power of Puzzles: Using puzzles and brain teasers as a tool to develop logical thinking skills in teachers.

2. Case Studies in Critical Thinking: Analyzing real-life scenarios and case studies to help teachers improve their logical reasoning abilities.

3. The Art of Argumentation: Exploring techniques and strategies for teachers to effectively engage in logical arguments and debates.

4. Gamifying Logical Thinking: Incorporating game-based learning approaches to teach logical thinking skills to teachers.

5. Mind Mapping for Educators: Introducing teachers to the concept of mind mapping as a visual tool for organizing thoughts and enhancing logical thinking.

6. The Role of Metacognition in Teaching....