Systematic review of isolation policies in the hospital management of methicillin-esistant Staphylococcus aureus: A review of the literature with epidemiological and economic modelling
The rise of MSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) continues to be a problem in hospitals throughout the world. In the article entitled "Systematic review of isolation policies in the hospital management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" Cooper (et al. 2003) conducted a literature review of various containment efforts in the UK. Isolation wards proved to be the most common method of containment but studies were conflicting as to their efficacy. The use of a common isolation ward at one hospital "reduced infection, one did not and one resulted in control for many years until a change in strain and/or an increase in the number of patients colonised on admission [and] overwhelmed the institution" (Cooper et al. 2003: 5). There was limited evidence that more proactive efforts at containment such as…...

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References

Cooper, G.F. (et al. 2003). Systematic review of isolation policies in the hospital management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A review of the literature with epidemiological and economic modelling. Health Technology Assessment, 7 (39).

Iowa model. Retrieved:  http://i300.photobucket.com/albums/nn1/dawnhaynes/Iowa_Model.jpg

With the rapid increase in the research conducted on health sciences, there is difficulty for researchers and clinicians to be up-to-date with the studies. Therefore, reviews that give a summary of the impact of different intervention experiments are a greatly efficient way to come up with a conclusion of what is effective and what isn't. Systematic reviews are different from the traditional kind in many ways. According to Petticrew and Roberts (2006), the systematic type of reviews normally involve a comprehensive and in depth plan along with search approach that is presumptive, with the aim of reducing partiality by finding, assessing, and integrating all significant research on a certain subject. In most cases, systematic reviews involve a component of meta-analysis that uses statistical methods to integrate the information acquired from different research into one quantitative result or outline effect size (cited in Uman, 2011).
The systematic types of reviews are usually…...

Antenatal Education Systematic Review
Antenatal education pogamms

In pegnant women, how does goup antenatal education compae to no antenatal education o individual antenatal education fo impoving outcomes of childbith and paenting?

In pegnant women, how does goup antenatal education compae to no antenatal education o individual antenatal education fo impoving outcomes of childbith and paenting?

Antenatal education pogams ae key in impoving matenal health all ove the wold. They have been widely embaced in most developed counties whee antenatal education pogams ae outinely povided as pat of antenatal cae. They ae associated with benefit such as inceased knowledge of labo and childbith, paent-child attachment, educed anxiety and depession, and inceased knowledge of paenthood. They often involve seveal scheduled sessions with a facilitato o cae povide (often a tained patient educato, midwife, o geneal pactitione) that last about 1 -- 2 hous and focus on diffeent aspects of labo, childbith, and paenthood. These pogams ae…...

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references in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Women's Health Care, 2.

PERROW, F. 2004. Investing in teenage parents: what maternity services can do. RCM Midwives, 7, 250-1.

PUP PROGRAM. 2014. Parents Under Pressure Program [Online]. Available:   / [Accessed Aug 1st 2014].http://www.pupprogram.net.au 

REDMAN, S., OAK, S., BOOTH, P., JENSEN, J. & SAXTON, A. 1991. Evaluation of an antenatal education programme: characteristics of attenders, changes in knowledge and satisfaction of participants. Aust NZJ Obstet Gynaecol, 31, 310-6.

RENKERT, S. & NUTBEAM, D. 2001. Opportunities to improve maternal health literacy through antenatal education: an exploratory study. Health Promot Int, 16, 381-8.

Psychiatric Patients and Mechanical Restraints
Mechanical restraints are one of the most controversial aspects of psychiatric care. The aversion to using them no doubt dates back to the popularity of films like One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, which portrays the psychiatric institutions and medical authorities using restraints to constrain the free spirits of sane, but noncompliant patients. The reality of the use of restraints is far more complex and some defend the use of these devices to promote patient safety. ccording to the review article "Mechanical restraint -- which interventions prevent episodes of mechanical restraint? -- systematic review" by Bak (2011), "in some countries, mechanical restraint is performed according to the law when psychiatric inpatients pose a risk to themselves or to others." But other countries do not allow the use of mechanical restraints: for example, in the United Kingdom, only the use of seclusion and holding (physical restraint)…...

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Although the recommendations are cautious, it would behoove organizations to use patient empowerment and therapeutic programs that promote staff dialogue with patients to reduce the use of mechanical restraints. Improving patient care cannot be achieved in a 'top-down' fashion. Patients must feel as if they have a stake in how care is administered and develop a sense of responsibility for self-regulating to the maximum degree to which they are capable.

Reference

Bak, J., Brandt-Christensen, M., Sestoft, D., & Zoffmann, V. (2011). Mechanical restraint which interventions prevent episodes of mechanical restraint: A systematic review. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 48(2), 83-94. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2011.00307.x

door to balloon time is an important determinant of the prognosis of STEMI patients. To reduce D2B times, most centers implement a pre-hospital triage which involves the use of pre-hospital ECG to allow direct transfer of patients with confirmed STEMI to the PCI lab. Since most health facilities do not have PCI laboratories, a quick decision needs to be made regarding fibrinolytic therapy or transfer to a PCI facility. The most important factor determining this decision is the time taken from the onset of symptoms to arrival at a hospital facility and the predicted time duration for effective transfer. Through this systemic review, we sought to analyze the role of pre-hospital management in door to balloon time (D2B), door to needle (D2N) time and the long-term mortality of STEMI patients.
Since pre-hospital delay is responsible for the greatest time loss, and is indeed the most variable factor, we tried to…...

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REFERENCES:

1- Adams R, Appleman Y, Bronzewaer JG, Slagboom T, Amoroso G, Exter PV et al. Implementation of prehospial triage for patients with chest pain and logistics for primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the region of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. American Journal of Cardiology.2011;: 933-935.

2- Bajaj S, Parekh R, Gupta N, Aldehneh A, Rosenburg M, Hamdan A et al. "Code stemi" protocol helps in reducing door to balloon times in patients presenting with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction during off hours. The Journal of Emergency Medicine.2011;: 1-7

3- Brooks SC., Allan KS, Wellsford M, Verbeek PR, Arntz HR, Morrisin LJ. Prehospital triage and direct transport of patients with st- segment elevation myocardial infarction to primary percutaneous coronary intervention centers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CJEM JCMU.2009; 11(5): 481-492

4- Camp-Rogers T, Dante S, Kontos MC, Roberts CS, Kreisa L, Kurz MC. The impact of pre-hospital activation of the cardiac catheterization team on time to treatment for patients presenting with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2011; 29(9);1117-24

Health: EpidemiologyQuestion 1Literature and systematic reviews are quite different in terms of method and value. A literature review is generally conducted to explore a research question or a phenomenon, while a systematic review aims to answer the research question as relevant as possible (Griffith University, 2022). For example, it has specific inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selected articles, which are not seen in a general literature review. The reliability of the variables and results is taken into account, while the systematic review adds to the value of the authenticity of the research. This is not the case in the literature review, which only serves to investigate the previous studies related to the current research, irrespective of the research design.Systematic reviews are considered more reasonable than literature reviews because they are aimed at a specific phenomenon with a specific consideration of scope. The clarity for the researcher is pre-defined by…...

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References

Alexander, L.K., Lopes, B., Ricchetti-Masterson, K. & Yeatts, K.B. (n.d.). Sources of systematic error or bias: Information bias. Gillings School of Global Public Health.  https://sph.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/112/2015/07/nciph_ERIC14.pdf 

Catalog of Bias. (n.d.). Misclassification bias.  https://catalogofbias.org/biases/misclassification-bias/#:~:text=Non%2Ddifferential%20misclassification%20occurs%20when,2014) .

Flechner, L., & Tseng, T. Y. (2011). Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat. Indian journal of urology: IJU: Journal of the Urological Society of India, 27(4), 532–535.  https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91447

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43

23

16

12

10

0.50

42

22

15

12

10

0.70

51

27

19

15

13

0.90

66

47

38

32

Can you apply this valid, impotant evidence fom a systematic eview in caing fo you patient?

Do these esults apply to ou patient?

Is you patient so diffeent fom those in the study that its esults cannot apply?

No, the majoity of the patients who ae diagnosed with Type II diabetes ae indicative of the patient issues in the study. In fact, most fall well within the paametes of the study potential, which also validates the data set.

Is the teatment feasible in you setting?

Completely, 100%. Execise and diet ae elatively easy attibutes to change, paticulaly with data showing how these changes can influence amounts of medication and quality of life.

What ae you patient's potential benefits and hams fom the theapy?

Method I: In the OR tables above, find the intesection of the closest odds atio fom the systematic eview and you patient's expected event ate (PEER)

Because this is a natual intevention (execise and diet);…...

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references?

Yes, it is clear that increasing moderate levels of aerobic exercise, parituclarly walking, jogging, swimming or biking; coupled with a healthier diet (more fresh vegetables, low glycemic fruits, low refined sugars and processed flours, etc.) will have a positive effect on type II diabetes measurement.

Are they met by this regimen and its consequences?

Yes, the only potentially negative consequences are ignoring the program or stopping it prematurely.

Should you believe apparent qualitative differences in the efficacy of therapy in some subgroups of patients? -- Only if you can say 'yes' to all of the following:

Myasthenia Gravis is one of the most common autoimmune disorders, which is a group of diseases brought by the loss of tolerance to self-antigens. Since this autoimmune disorder has an annual incidence of between 2 and 4 per million, it has attracted considerable research in relation to its causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. Some examples of research on this disorder include the study by omi, Gilhus & Aarli (2005) on the clinical, immunological and therapeutic advances of this disease as well as the systematic review of diagnosis and management of this disorder by Angelini (2011).
Angelini (2011) states that myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder caused by an autoimmune attack by the body on its own muscle endplate (p.2). In this case, an antibody binds to ACh o subunits or Musk and contributes to muscle weakness and unusual neuromuscular transmission. Similarly, omi, Gilhus & Aarli (2005), state that this disorder is…...

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References

Angelini, C. (2011). Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis. Clinical Drug Investigation, 31(1), 1-14.

Romi, F., Gilhus, N.E. & Aarli, J.A. (2005). Myasthenia Gravis: Clinical, Immunological, and Therapeutic Advances. Acta Neurologica Scandinavia, 111, 134-141.

PICOT Question Introduction
Low back pain is a common health challenge for both active and former military service members. Among the military veterans, low back pain places higher risk and has been indicated to be bear the potential for long-term disability (Bagg et al., 2017). There is a lack of effective treatment strategies, and thus, military veterans rely on pain management strategies and other medical strategies, e.g., medical imaging, opioids, injections, and surgery. To both the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA), the costs of care for members with low back pain have been on the rise; necessitating the need for research on the effectiveness of some of the available methods for treating and managing low back pain. Some of the methods available are non-narcotic pain medication, yoga stretches, and physiotherapy. These interventions can be administered in combination or singly (Bagg et al., 2017). This study assesses…...

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW APPRAISAL & GRADING CRITERIAAPA Reference:1. What organization or persons produced the systematic review (SR)?(6pts)Courtney L. WilliamsCardiac Telemetry Unit, Lakeland Health, Saint Joseph, Michigan, USA2. How many persons were involved in conducting the review? (6pts)Sam Abraham, Associate Professor of Nursing, 1001 Bethel Circle, Bethel College School of Nursing, Mishawaka, Indiana, 46545, USA.3. What topic or question did the SR address? (6pts)Comparison of Risks and Benefits of Bedside Shift Report vs Traditional Shift Report4. How were potential research reports identified? (6pts)The quality of care, safety risks, and occurrence of medical errors have been linked to inadequate communication between nurses during shift change. Historically, shift reports took place at nursing stations and not at the patient's bedside, which could lead to interruptions, elongated processes, and inaccurate reporting (Reinbeck & Fitzsimons, 2013). Although bedside shift reporting has been introduced in the nursing field, there are still challenges that pose a risk to…...

Evidence-Based Practice Project: educing ate of Psychiatric eadmission
The purpose of the evidence-based practice project is to examine ways to eliminate psychiatric readmissions. More specifically, literature is reviewed to examine evidence supporting the effectiveness of care transition interventions in preventing re-hospitalization amongst adult patients with severe mental illness. In this chapter, the search process is first described. Next, the identified literature is summarized and synthesized, clearly evaluating the relevance of the literature to the specified PICOT question.

Search Process

Literature for the review was searched in CINAHL, PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases using the following phrases: psychiatric readmission, re-hospitalization, care transition interventions, transitional care interventions, and reducing readmission in adults with mental illness. Focus was particularly on literature published in English. From the first round of search, it was quite evident that not much scholarly attention has been given to the topic as the search returned less than 1,500 hits. The…...

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References

Allen, J., Hutchinson, A., Brown, R., & Livingston, P. (2014). Quality care outcomes following transitional care interventions for older people from hospital to home: a systematic review. BMC Health Services, 14: 346.

Gaynes, B., Brown, C., Lux, L., et al. (2015). Management strategies to reduce psychiatric readmissions. Technical Brief No. 21. Rockville, Maryland: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Kalseth, J., Lassemo, E., Wahlbeck, K., Haaramo, P., & Magnussen, J. (2016). Psychiatric readmissions and their association with environmental and health system characteristics. BMC Psychiatry, 16: 376.

Pincus, H. (2015). Care transition interventions to reduce psychiatric re-hospitalizations. Technical Brief. Alexandria, Virginia: National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors (NASMHPD).

EBP is to facilitate strategy to eradicate short cycle return to second readmission of psychiatric patients on hospital beds. Doing so will assist health care providers in addressing the issue of bed shortage. eduction of readmission rates allows more space to be available for other patients and helps to cut costs as well as bring about better conformity with governmental regulations.
Search Process

The search process used in this literature review began with searching key words in online databases such as Cochran eview, CINAHL, and other nursing research journal databases. Google Scholar was used as the primary search engine, with filters set to permit results from these particular databases. Key words used included "reducing readmission rates," "readmission psych," "causes of readmission psych hospital," "psych hospital readmission," "reduction of psych readmission," and other combinations of key words identified by relevant articles found after conducting these searches. More than a thousand articles were…...

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References

Burns, T., Rugkasa, J., Molodynski, A. et al. (2013). Community treatment orders for patients with psychosis (OCTET): A randomized controlled trial. The Lancet, 381(9878): 1627-1633. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (13)60107-5.

Kalseth, J., Lassemo, E., Wahlbeck, K., Haaramo, P., Magnussen, J. (2016). Psychiatric

readmissions and their association with environmental and health system characteristics: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Psychiatry, 16: 376. DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1099-8.

Kripalani, S., Theobald, C., Anctil, B., Vasilevskis, E. (2013). Reducing hospital readmission: Current strategies and future directions. Annual Review of Medicine, 65: 471-485. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-022613-090415

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a commonly occurring mental health problem facing military personnel and veterans. The constant problems that plague those with PTSD can cause them to lead a lower quality of life with potential development of depression and anxiety commonly prevalent in those with the mental disorder. This qualitative study aims to research ways to provide positive pathways to care for members of the UK Armed Forces receiving treatment for PTSD by examining United States PTSD programs and studies performed on efficacy of these programs. This study will show what has worked in American PTSD programs under the Department of Veterans Affairs and what can be applied for the UK Armed Forces.
esearch Hypothesis

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs has various programs available to help military personnel and veterans cope with PTSD. Information collected from studies assessing these programs' effectiveness will be used to provide more effective treatment options…...

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References

Khusid, M. A., & Vythilingam, M. (2016). The Emerging Role of Mindfulness Meditation as Effective Self-Management Strategy, Part 1: Clinical Implications for Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Anxiety. Military Medicine, 181(9), 961-968. doi:10.7205/milmed-d-14-00677

Murphy, D., Hunt, E., Luzon, O., & Greenberg, N. (2014). Exploring positive pathways to care for members of the UK Armed Forces receiving treatment for PTSD: a qualitative study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 21759. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v5.21759

Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2009). Systematic reviews in the social sciences: A practical guide. Malden, Mass. [etc.: Blackwell Publishing.

Saini, M., & Shlonsky, A. (2012). Systematic synthesis of qualitative research. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Evidence-Based Project Proposal
Graduate Project in Nursing

The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases has been increasing among adolescents in countries around the world, but there remains a dearth of timely and relevant studies concerning salient differences in knowledge level and attitudes between different cultures and ethnic populations. One common factor that has been consistently demonstrated in improving the effectiveness of treatments for sexually transmitted diseases is promoting adherence to treatment regimens, most especially for medications since these are used in all treatments for sexually transmitted diseases. While there have been some studies concerning various strategies for promoting adherence levels to treatment regimens, there remains a lack of studies concerning evidence-based practices that incorporate technological solutions. To this end, the proposed study intends to conduct an experiment using innovative face recognition and motion detection smartphone app to evaluate its effectiveness in promoting adherence to medication regimens among a population of adolescents and young…...

SYSTEMATIC EVIEWS AND META-ANALYSESDiscussion: Systematic eviews and Meta-AnalysesAccording to Corcoran and Pillai (2008) systematic reviews come in handy in not only the identification, but also the synthesis of the evidence considered to be of relevance to the research query. With this in mind, systematic reviews could be considered an enhanced form of the traditional literature review approach. This is more so the case given that systematic reviews makes use of, or deploy, systematic methods in the combination as well as assessment of available evidence (Corcoran and Pillai, 2008). In a far as validity of systematic reviews is concerned, Patole (2021) observes that this has got to do with how trustworthy the review\\\'s conclusions are for a reader (193). It is important to note that in epidemiology, systematic reviews could be used in the formulation of strategies meant to impact the health and wellbeing of populations. For this reason, the relevance…...

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ReferencesCorcoran, J. & Pillai, V. (2008). Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Oxford University Press. Patole, S. (2021). Principles and Practice of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Springer. Uman, L.S. (2011). Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 20(1), 57-59.

I. Introduction
A. Definition of mindfulness therapy
B. Prevalence of anxiety disorders
C. Thesis statement: Mindfulness therapy is an effective method for reducing anxiety symptoms.

II. Causes of Anxiety
A. Genetic and biological factors
B. Environmental and psychological factors
C. Mindfulness as a means to address both causes of anxiety

III. Benefits of Mindfulness Therapy in Reducing Anxiety
A. Reduces stress and promotes relaxation
B. Enhances emotional regulation
C. Improves cognitive flexibility and reduces negative thinking
D. Increases self-awareness and acceptance

IV. Evidence Supporting the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy for Anxiety
A. Research studies demonstrating the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions
B. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews confirming the benefits of mindfulness therapy
C. Personal anecdotes and testimonials

V.....

Research-Based Essay Titles:

The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders: An Empirical Analysis
The Role of Environmental Factors in the Development of Obesity: A Literature Review
The Impact of Climate Change on Coastal Communities: A Case Study of New Orleans
The Effectiveness of Online Learning in Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis

Persuasive Essay Titles:

Banning Assault Weapons: A Necessity for Public Safety
The Importance of Climate Action: Why We Must Act Now
The Benefits of Universal Healthcare: A Moral Imperative
The Dangers of Censorship: Protecting Freedom of Expression
....

1. Title: The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Adolescents' Social-Emotional Development and Academic Performance
Author: Jennifer A. Kauffman and Jennifer L. Martin
Year: 2023
Summary: This study examines the influence of extracurricular activities on adolescents' social-emotional development and academic performance. Findings suggest that participation in extracurricular activities is positively associated with improved social skills, self-esteem, and academic achievement.

2. Title: Exploring the Role of Extracurricular Activities in Fostering Student Engagement and Academic Success
Author: Sarah E. Hughes and William R. Bryan
Year: 2022
Summary: This research investigates the relationship between extracurricular activities and student engagement and academic success. The study finds that participation in extracurricular activities is....

1. The Devastating Impact of Child Abuse on Neurological Development: A Comprehensive Analysis

2. Unraveling the Biological Effects of Child Abuse on the Developing Mind: Exploring Recent Research

3. Understanding the Long-Term Consequences of Child Abuse on Brain Functioning: A Critical Literature Review

4. Analyzing the Physical and Psychological Impact of Child Abuse on Neurological Development

5. Examining the Relationship Between Child Abuse and Altered Brain Structure: A Systematic Review

6. Exploring the Role of Epigenetics in the Biological Consequences of Child Abuse on the Developing Mind

7. Investigating the Neurobiological Mechanisms Underlying the Link between Child Abuse and Psychological Disorders

8. Unveiling the Alterations in Neurotransmission....