student engagement within mathematics, create a set of dependent measures. Follow the rules for writing test items, and please include the correct answers, as well.
Dependent Measures

Student Engagement

Five Multiple Choice Items

What is the square root of 49?

Which number is not a prime number?

How many degrees is a right angle?

A diagonal line cutting through two parallel lines creates angles which are?

unequal

congruent

immeasurable

What is 3 to the third power?

A composite engagement score would have to be tallied in order to total the average score of all of these variables so that one could assess how all of these variables interacted with one another, giving the researchers a sense of the total and complete interest, enjoyment, capability, and confusion that all students experienced when engaging with these problems, and to determine which variables were most often experienced simultaneously.

Five True-false items

The infinity symbol symbolizes a number

True/False

2. 0 to the Nth power is zero.

True/False

3. An acute…...

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References

Igo, L., Riccomini, P., & Bruning, R. & . (2006). How should middle school students with LD approach online note-taking? Retrieved from Learning Disability Quarterly: https://resources.oncourse.iu.edu/access/content/user/mikuleck/Filemanager_Public_Files/L700/Potential_Readings/Igo%202006%20mixed.pdf

Quenneville, J. (2001). Tech Tools for Students with Learning Disabilities: Infusion into Inclusive Classrooms. Retrieved from colorincolorado.org:  http://www.colorincolorado.org/article/6380/ 

Trochim, W. (2006). Scaling. Retrieved from socialresearchmethods.net:  http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/scaling.php 

W-uh. (2013). Correlation vs. Causality. Retrieved from w-uh.com:  http://w-uh.com/posts/030302a_correlation_vs_ca.html

They establish identities or are confused about what roles to play. Additionally, Cherry (2011) states that child must have a conscious sense of self that is developed through social interaction. A child's ego identity is constantly evolving as he or she acquires new experiences and information. Processing these new experiences and information embodies and shapes one's sense of self.
According to Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development (Berger, 2010), thoughts and expectations profoundly affect attitudes, beliefs, values, assumptions, and actions. In turn, these factors have a direct correlation to the sense of self that motivates competence, positive behaviors, and actions. If a void occurs in developing a sense of self relative to others, he or she will have psychological barriers that are translated into a defense mechanism to conceal one's lack of motivation, fear of failure, and social dysfunction (Berger, 2010). Lowering the affective filters are critical to foster social development…...

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References

Berger, S. (2010). The developing person: Through childhood and adolescence. New York: Worth Publishers

Cherry, K. (2011). Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Retrieved from  http://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/psychosocial.htm

Explaining the way structure organization works will help shape them in their adult lives. Through allowing student participation in major decision making, many students feel empowered. They gain a position of power in their own lives when they help make decisions concerning academic matters, which are essentially the most important in their young lives.
Another benefit of open discussion of the learning process is the trust which the student places in the hands administrators and parents. Authority figures are not daunting and do not act secretly, rather they are trusted figures which help guide the students decisions. This opens up opportunities to better suit the true needs of the student in question. With more student honesty comes better attention to that students actual needs within their current academic environment.

It is essential that students are involved with at least some part of the learning process they go through on a daily…...

Faculty Members PerceptionScience, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors are important areas of study in todays higher education system. These areas of study are considered critical to various areas of the nations economy including healthcare and manufacturing sectors. Over the past few decades, students enrolment in STEM majors has become an important area of focus in higher education settings. As higher education institutions seek to enhance the number of students enrolling for these majors, a significant portion of these students are those with learning disability. Kreider et al. (2015) defines learning disability as a group of disorders that have negative effects on learning, listening, reading, thinking, speaking, computing, and writing skills. Therefore, students with learning disabilities face significant challenges in understanding concepts and learning materials in STEM majors. Love et al. (2014) states that students with learning disabilities face typical problems in their pursuit of STEM degrees as well as…...

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ReferencesHedrick et al. (2010). Perceptions of College Students With and Without Disabilities and Effects of STEM and non-STEM Enrollment on Student Engagement and Institutional Involvement. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 23(2), 129-136.Kreider et al. (2015, August 29). A Multifaceted Approach to Supporting STEM/SBE Students with Learning Disabilities: Highlights of Engineering Student Participants. Qsci Proc. 4(70). Retrieved from   et al. (2014, December 8). STEM Faculty Experiences with Students with Disabilities at a Land Grant Institution. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3(1), 27-38.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5242339/ Love

student motivation in the learning environment and what motivates students to study. The evaluation begins with a theoretical background on the issue of student motivation based on existing literature and studies on the issue. This is followed by a literature review of 10 studies that have been carried out on the student motivation in various classroom settings and learning environments. Through this review the author has identified various factors that motivate students to study including creation of a supportive learning environment, use of suitable teaching practices, and use of multi-level strategies. The article also includes a discussion regarding the significance of student motivation in the learning process.
One of the most important goals of an educational environment is to motivate students toward environmentally friendly behavior change. The need for student motivation in the high school setting is attributed to the fact that motivation creates positive experience, which helps in improving…...

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References

Daniels, E. (2011, November). Creating Motivating Learning Environments: Teachers Matter.

Middle School Journal, 32-37.

Darner, R. (2012, August). An Empirical Test of Self-determination Theory As A Guide to Fostering Environmental Motivation. Environmental Education Research 18(4), 463-472.

Hardre, P.L. (2012). Standing in the Gap: Research that Informs Strategies for Motivating and Retaining Rural High School Students. Rural Educator, 12-18.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) governs how the U.S. states offer special education services to children with disabilities. It addresses the educational needs of the children with disabilities from birth to age 21, and involves more than a dozen specific categories of disability. Congress has reauthorized and amended IDEA several times, most recently in December 2004. Although historically, students with disabilities have not had the same access to the general education curriculum as their peers, IDEA has changed the access and accountability requirements for special education students immeasurably (NCTM, 2011).
The challenges for meeting the needs of students with disabilities and ensuring their mathematical proficiency, confront teachers of mathematics every day. Teachers must use the results of all assessments, formative and summative, to identify the students whose learning problems have gone unrecognized, and monitor the progress of all students. Regardless of the level or method of assessment used, teachers…...

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Gavigann, K., & Kurtts, S. (2010). Together We Can: Collaborating to Meet the Needs of At-Risk Students. Library Media Connection, 29(3), 10-12.

King, C. (2011, March). Adults Learning. Retrieved from  http://content.yudu.com/A1rfni/ALmarch2011/resources/a29.htm 

Sellman, E. (Ed.). (2011). Creative Teaching/Creative Schools Bundle: Creative Learning for Inclusion: Creative. Port Melbourne: Routledge.

Students with ADHD
Education 518, Section B13

Dr. Carolyn McCreight

Qualitative article review: Students with ADHD

Homeschooling is one of the controversial approaches to educate children with 'special needs'. Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are preferred to be taught at home by their parents. Instructors for homeschooling are also arranged for this purpose. However, there has been widespread criticism on this method of teaching attention-deficit students. The main purpose of this paper is to review a qualitative study conducted on the topic of providing homeschooling to attention-deficit students. Duvall, Delquadri and Ward (2004) conducted a study to investigate the appropriateness of homeschooling environment for instructing basic skills to children with special needs. The main purpose of this qualitative study was to ascertain whether or not parents of children having attention-deficit as well as hyperactivity disorder could provide their children with instructional environmental that was conducive for facilitating acquisition of basic skills by their…...

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References

Duvall, S.F., Delquadri, J.C., & Ward, D.L. (2004). A Preliminary Investigation of the Effectiveness of Home-school Instructional Environments for Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. School Psychology Review, 33(1), 140-158.

545). By allowing students to speak in the classroom, rather than lecturing students about how intercultural interactions should take place, students from other cultures can bring their own cultural understandings and conceptions to the forefront, rather than passively receive teaching from a professor, or accept a university party line that their university is diverse. "The discourse of multiculturalism is not the voice of ethnic and racial minorities speaking for themselves. It is, rather, the voice of white middle-class education professionals speaking about 'problem' groups," one academic alleges, but through more open-ended discussion and generating student feedback that allows them to infuse their personal cultural and intercultural experiences into the classroom, a more positive conception of intercultural communication can occur (Olneck, 1990, p. 163).
A university setting can be uniquely beneficial to establishing intercultural dialogue simply because it is designed to have structured listening experiences that are then reinforced by outside social…...

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Works Cited

Banks, James a. (1993, June-July). The canon debate, knowledge construction, and multicultural education. Educational Researcher. 22. 5: 4-14.

Flower, Linda. (2003, September). Talking across difference: Intercultural rhetoric and the search for situated knowledge. College Composition and Communication. 55. 1: 38-68

Hoffman, Diane M. (1996, Autumn). Culture and self in multicultural education: Reflections on discourse, text, and practice American Educational Research Journal. 33 (3): 545-569.

Moreman, Robin (1997, April). Multicultural framework: Transforming curriculum, transforming students. Teaching Sociology. 25(2): 107-119.

Students and Learning
The learner-based outcome that I've chosen for this paper involves all students being able to successfully complete a physical education curriculum designed to enhance overall physical strength, improve dexterity and increase stamina. For this learner-based outcome, it is important to create a rubric so that students understand the criteria involved for measuring success. Toward this endeavor, it is important to include concrete, attainable and measurable goals for all students.

Such a physical education curriculum involving learner based outcomes is justified given the importance of physical activity for children. Childhood obesity is a serious social problem in America. The effects of obesity in childhood are well documented in both the social science literature and medical journals. During the last 30 years, the percentage of obese children between the ages of 6 and 11 has risen 200% while the percentage of obese children between 12 and 19 has tripled (CDC, Preventing…...

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References:

Golder, G. (2003). Inclusive education: Making the most of what's available. The British Journal of Teaching Physical Education, 34(2), 2327.

McCaughtry, N., & Rovegno, I. (2003). Development of pedagogical content knowledge: Moving from blaming students to predicting skilfulness, recognizing motor development, and understanding emotion. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 22(4), 355-368.

Rink, J.E. (2001). Investigating the assumptions of pedagogy. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 20(2), 112-128.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). The Role of Schools in Preventing Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from:  http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/physicalactivity/pdf/roleofschools_obesity.pdf

For example, let's say that a student has tremendous amounts of respect for their history teacher. While at the same time, they do not like their math teacher. These two contrasting views will have a negative impact on how they will deal with a host of situation. As, the student is more willing to listen to ideas of teachers they like and respect. Whereas those educators, that are often looked down upon will be ineffective in reaching out to their student. This is significant, because it is showing how inside the classroom the teacher must be able to relate to each person. As a result, the way that this idea can be used in the classroom is to establish an initial foundation of support for the educator and the views that are being presented. The way that this is accomplished is through effectively reaching out to the student by…...

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McFerrin, K. (2008). Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference. Chesapeake, VA: AACE.

McGlyn, A. (2009). Millennials in College. Education Digest, 73 (6), 19 -- 22.

Shindler, J. (2010). Transformative Classroom Management. San Francisco, CA: Josey Bass.

Demonstrations might comprise doing model problems or offering a model finished at the stage of performance anticipated. The structures supplied may be in the shape of grading criterion, rubrics, or exhibited assignment actions. Cognitive modeling is supportive in supplying learning and problem solving strategies to students. It comprises the teacher going through the processes while carrying out a task. Providing a model showing what to do and how to do it has been successful. This is predominantly useful for assignments that have multiple parts or for coursework that involve new content or a new intensity of complexity. A model may be one done by the teacher or one done by another student. It is important to include both affirmative, what to do and pessimistic, what not to do illustrations, so that both ends of the spectrum can be seen. In this case the teacher walks through many of the…...

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References

Evertson, Carolyn. (n.d.). Fostering Student Accountability for Classroom Work. Retrieved February 24, 2011, from  http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/case_studies/ICS-004.pdf

Motivating Students to Learn:
One of challenging and difficult tasks for teachers and parents is motivating students to complete their classes with a sense of pride, achievement and graduate with their peers. This task is particularly challenging for students who are have been unenthusiastic over time and those who are struggling. As a result of the lack of motivation and prevailing struggles, such students start to demonstrate learned helplessness. Learned helplessness is where students regard themselves as failures and don't see the reason for attempting to improve and better themselves. While such students also feel that they are lost and have no thought of achievement, teachers and parents can make a difference in motivating these students (Belcher, 2011).

Best Ways of Motivating Students:

As previously mentioned, motivating students is a daunting task for many teachers and parents alike. Teachers face huge difficulties in motivating students because each classroom is made of a variety…...

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References:

Belcher, E. (2011, July 3). How to Motivate High School Students. Retrieved December 28,

2011, from http://www.ehow.com/how_2181850_motivate-high-school-students.html

Durand, M. (n.d.). Motivating Students: Teaching Strategies for Student Learning. Retrieved December 28, 2011, from  http://www.howtodothings.com/education/a1892-how-to-motivate-students.html 

Harris, R. (2010, October 14). Some Ideas for Motivating Students. Retrieved December 28,

attitudes and values of high school students. eforms to the high school system in the United States are also explained. Additionally, the reason why students need not be involved in the planning of reforms is elucidated.
High School Students: their Attitudes and Values

Of a crucial age, climbing a milestone, conscious to their fullest with no fear of prospects, high school students have interested researchers and policy makers for centuries. They have quite a few common traits -- they behave as individuals of their own age group in a rather full-fledged way. They are go-getting to achieve their independence, they are show-offs, impressionable persons desiring to be their best (something to be learned) and to suit the times they live in. Their self-esteem is fragile and they are pretty sensitive to criticism, attention, and dilemmas, for instance, within their families.

Students from different socioeconomic backgrounds behave differently as has been known to…...

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References

Barber, A. (1997. March). Rough language plagues schools, educators say. USA Today, pp 06D.

Committee for increasing high school students' engagement and motivation to learn. National Academies. Internet. on August 25, 2003.http://www4.nas.edu/cp.nsf/Projects+_by+_PIN/BCYF-I-01-01-A?OpenDocument.Available

Doyle, M. Failing to connect: Schools face increased pressure when students flunk classes. The Columbian, March 16, 2003, pp Front Page.

Educational reforms and students at risk: A review of the current state of the art. (1994. January). Internet.   on August 25, 2003.http://www.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/EdReforms/.Available 

Nurse Practitioners and Strategies the Students Can Adopt to Succeed in School
Nursing students worldwide face quite a number of challenges in the course of undertaking their highly engaging and mind-intensive nursing practitioner programs. Non-completion of the practitioner program means that the student is not adequately prepared to practice as a nurse. This paper looks into the various challenges nursing practitioners undergo, and the ways or strategies to overcome them (Curtis, 2013).

Nursing Practitioner Challenges

Financial Burden

One of the main challenges identified by nursing students is lack of sufficient money; many of the students reveal that they have to work part time to make ends meet, apart from studying. For some of them, the work means that they cannot attend class, and thus have to extend their programs (Loftin, Newman, Dumas, Gilden, & Bond, 2012).

Lack of Moral and Emotional Support

Lack of moral and emotional support has also been identified as a major…...

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References

Curtis, K. (2013). 21st Century challenges faced by nursing faculty in educating for compassionate practice: Embodied interpretation of phenomenological data, Nurse Education Today, Volume 33, Issue 7, Pages 746-750, ISSN 0260-6917,  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.007 .

Aiken, L. H., Cheung, R. B., & Olds, D. M. (2009). Education policy initiatives to address the nurse shortage in the United States. Health Affairs, 28(4), w646-w656.

Bellfield, S. (2010). Factors influencing the Advancement of Professional Education of Nurses at a Magnet Hospital (Doctoral dissertation, Georgetown University).

Clarin, O. A. (2007). Strategies to overcome barriers to effective nurse practitioner and physician collaboration. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 3(8), 538-548.

Teacher Feedback in the Learning Process
Teacher feedback has traditionally been a normal part of the teacher-students relationship in the learning process. This is primarily because feedback is widely acknowledged as a significant part of the learning cycle. Despite the significance of teacher feedback in the learning process, few studies have focused on examining whether university teachers and students value feedback differently. Actually, teachers and students have often expressed their frustrations and dissatisfaction on how the feedback process is carried out. The frustrations and disappointment has in turn acted as a sign of the differences in how university teachers and students value feedback in different ways. In light of this fact as well as findings on student-centered research, it is quite evident that university teachers and students value feedback in different ways.

Importance of Teacher Feedback

As previously mentioned, teacher feedback has long been an important and usual component of the relationship between…...

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References

Christenson, S.L., Reschly, A.L. & Wylie, C. (2012). Handbook of research on student engagement. New York, NY: Springer.

Rowe, A. (2010, July). The Personal Dimension in Teaching: Why Students Value Feedback. International Journal of Educational Management, 25(4), 343-360.

Spiller, D. (2009, February). Assessment: Feedback to Promote Student Learning. Retrieved from The University of Waikato website:  http://www.waikato.ac.nz/tdu/pdf/booklets/6_AssessmentFeedback.pdf 

Stenger, M. (2014, August 6). 5 Research-Based Tips for Providing Students with Meaningful Feedback. Retrieved July 31, 2015, from  http://www.edutopia.org/blog/tips-providing-students-meaningful-feedback-marianne-stenger

In our opinion, at this time the most pressing challenge faced by school leaders is safely continuing with student education while also managing the risk of disease posed to people by the current COVID-19 pandemic.  Many school districts immediately scrambled to get technology into place to support distance-learning, but quickly found that while the technology is important for delivery of classroom materials, the technology is only a tool in the hands of educators.  Educators need to be able to teach using the technology, and, if they are unable to do so, they put their students at a disadvantage.

Moving forward,....

1. Analyzing the use of figurative language in WIDA language assessments
2. Exploring the role of syntax and sentence structure in WIDA writing prompts
3. Investigating the inclusion of literary devices in WIDA reading passages
4. Discussing the importance of vocabulary acquisition in WIDA language development
5. Examining the integration of cultural elements in WIDA language arts tasks
6. Evaluating the effectiveness of incorporating multimedia resources in WIDA language assessments
7. Comparing the language skills developed through WIDA assessments with traditional language arts instruction
8. Exploring the connection between WIDA language proficiency levels and academic achievement in language arts
9. Investigating the impact of language arts instruction on....

1. The importance of providing constructive feedback on oral presentations in language learning
2. Strategies for effectively correcting pronunciation errors in speaking exercises
3. The role of error correction in enhancing oral proficiency
4. Balancing correction and encouragement in feedback on oral work
5. The impact of correction techniques on student motivation and confidence in speaking
6. Incorporating peer feedback in oral correction activities
7. Using technology to enhance the correction process in oral work
8. Common errors in oral work and effective strategies for correcting them
9. The challenges of providing feedback on spontaneous speaking tasks
10. The relationship between error correction and language learning outcomes in oral....

When formulating a thesis statement for a paper on difficulties in hands-on or practical subjects, it is important to clearly identify the main challenges faced by students in these subjects and provide a roadmap for investigating or addressing these challenges. Here are some tips for crafting a strong thesis statement:

1. Start by clearly defining the scope of your paper and identifying the specific hands-on or practical subjects you will be focusing on. This will help you narrow down your research and ensure that your thesis statement is concise and focused.

2. Identify the key difficulties or challenges faced by students in....