Student Achievement on the Elementary Level
One of the most helpful journals in this regard has been the Teacher's College Board. This online periodical is highly searchable and very-user friendly. It also appears to have a tremendous number of articles written from the perspective of teachers who are currently teaching and thus running into common problems or obstacles of student development and achievement. Thus, the articles and research published have a stronger sense of timeliness and relevancy than other journals. Furthermore, there appear to be a higher caliber of conclusions drawn from these articles with findings which point to concrete advice for teachers currently teaching and the challenges they face along with how to meet them. Another journal which has been found to be extremely enlightening and illuminating in this regard is the Journal of School Health. This Journal tends to have articles which are more qualitative in nature, and…...

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References

Sagepub.com (2014) American Educational Research Journal. Retrieved from:

  abid/12607/Default.aspxhttp://www.aera.net/Publications/Journals/AmericanEducationalResearchJournal/t 

Causes of Low Student Achievement
Does the grading system accurately measure how well a student is learning?

This question itself implies that the grading system used by many teachers cannot be fully accurate in assessing what a given student has learned. Psychology Professor James D. Allen (the School of Psychology at the College of Saint Rose in New York State) explains that while the grading system is supposed to "accurately" reflect a student's academic achievement, it is very likely that in most cases grades do not truly reflect progress in academics, i.e., learning (Allen, 2005, p. 218).

Moreover, Allen says that teachers are required to give grades that supposedly summarize the knowledge a student has obtained, and this is called a "summative evaluation" (219). The teacher should also provide "formative" assessments by directly giving the student feedback and training them to become "self-regulated learners" (219). The grade is supposed to become an "accurate…...

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Works Cited

Allen, J.D. (2005). Grades as Valid Measures of Academic Achievement of Classroom

Learning. The Clearing House, 78(5), 218-228.

Edutopia. (2008). How Should We Measure Student Learning? The Many Forms of Assessment.

The George Lucas Educational Foundation. Retrieved September 25, 2013, from  http://www.edutopia.org .

Everywhere we look, individuals use body language and non-verbal signals. We've seen evidence of politicians and the media using signals to improve their veracity (or the contrary), but non-verbal clues have even been studied by anthropologists as a way to recognize subtleties of communication. In fact, anthropologist ay Birdswhistell found that most humans can recognize over 250,000 facial expressions that impart meaning (Pease 2006, 10).
Sources of Nonverbal Communication- Psychologists believe that nonverbal communication is both part of individual behavior and the result of that behavior. The environment plays a huge part in how we as individuals "feel" and therefore express ourselves. The difference, say, between a well lit hotel atrium with classical music playing, numerous plants, and earth tones vs. A dark and dingy hallway in a public building will certainly provide different nonverbal impetus. In addition, the following are part of the entire nonvernal universe:

Issue

Characteristic/Example

Physical Characteristics and Appearance

Body…...

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REFERENCES

Alleyne, L.P. (2003). Black Educators' Views on Middle School Students' Dress. Journal of Negro Education, 72(4), 418-26.

Darwin, C. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. New York: Oxford University

Press, 2009.

Dress Codes - Pros and Cons. (2004, March). Retrieved October 2010, from the Public School Parent's Network: http://www.psparents.net/Dress_Codes.htm

Improving student achievement and parental involvement can be achieved by creating an action plan that incentivizes both groups, provides support for each, and promotes positive interactions. This action plan will describe how student achievement and parental involvement can be boosted in the school.
To improve student achievement, the first step is to offer them incentives to want to be successful. Incentives could be as simple as this: Perfect attendance for the quarter earns a student a ticket to a community event or a free pizza or a gift card to a local book store. Second, it is important that students also receive discipline, as this sets parameters and provides support for them as they grow and develop. For example, students must make a visit during a teacher’s office hours if their grades in the class reach below a C level grade point average to assess what issues the student is having.…...

Raising Student Achievement in a High Need School
To me, the major issue that people consistently fail to adequately address when discussing raising achievement in a high need school is the generational impact of educational disparity. For many people, providing equal educational facilities and equal quality of education is the only remedy to solving educational disparity. However, that ignores the critical role that parents play in a child's education. This role goes far beyond parents and the PTA; in fact, while those parents may help to contribute to the overall quality of a school, they do not necessarily impact individual student education in the necessary manner. Instead, I am talking about the critical role that parents play in education and learning-readiness, if only in an ancillary manner in their children's lives.

For example, I grew up with a father who had a graduate-school level professional education and a mother who lacked any…...

Service Providers on Special student Achievement
Students all over the world face the problem of getting low grades in their educational career. There are various factors which play a significant role in student achievement. Certain entities which play a role in student achievement includes, but not limited to, ELL teachers, counselors, occupational therapists, speech therapists and physical therapists. For the purpose of this study, we have selected Sto-Lo Youth Healing Centre as our sample school. It is located in New York district 75 Mission with excellent systems and processes for special/gifted students. It is located in British Columbi (Eastern Fraser-Valley). In this research, we have analyzed the roles played by these service providers and its impact on special student achievement. For the purpose of this study, we have selected case study methodology in which interviews of special students and ELL teachers, counselors and other service providers is analyzed to reach…...

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References

Albom, M. (1997). Tuesdays with Morrie. New York: Doubleday.

Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. Retrieved August 31, 2004 from  http://www.emory.edu/EDUCATION/mfp/BanEncy.html .

Bandura, A. (2000). Cultivating self-efficacy for personal and organizational effectiveness. In E.A. Locke (Ed.), The Blackwell handbook of principles of organizational behavior (pp.120-136). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.

Bassey, M. (1999). Case study research in educational settings. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.

Economic Issues of Student Achievement in a Non-Profit School Environment
The objective of this work in writing is to examine the economic issues of student achievement in a non-profit school environment. Toward this end, this work will examine literature across many areas of study to produce a synthesis of the information and knowledge available on the economic impacts of achievement among students who attend a non-profit school. Examined will be issues relating to accountability of non-profits, the accountability levels required for producing higher achievement among students and the availability of resources for student learning that results in achievement. Many non-profit schools are reported as failing. For example, it was reported that a non-profit school district in New Orleans intends to focus on failing New Orleans public schools and specifically that "A ecovery School District official plans to launch a nonprofit charter-management organization aimed at taking over and turning around failing schools."…...

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References

Brenner, Christine Thurlow, Sullivan, Gary L. And Dalton, Elizabeth (2002) Effective Best Practices for School Boards: Linking Local Governance with Student Achievement Success. IPED Technical Reports. Institute for Policy and Economic Development. 1 Jan 20-02. Retrieved from:  http://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1014&context=iped_techrep 

Charter School Facility Finance Landscape (2010) Educational Facilities Financing Center, 2010. June. Retrieved from:  http://www.lisc.org/docs/resources/effc/2010CSFLandscape_r.pdf 

Ebrahim, Alnoor (2010) The Many Faces of Nonprofit Accountability. Harvard Business School Working Knowledge. 11 Mar 2010. Retrieved from:  http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6387.html .

Evaluation of the Public Charter Schools Program -- Final Report (2004) Policy and Program Studies Services. Retrieved from:  http://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/choice/pcsp-final/finalreport.pdf

Technology in a 2nd grade classroom to improve student achievement in math
Of late, there has been a push to bring in technology to schools where teachers as well as students would be able to reap the benefits of the World Wide Web, the Internet, and other related technologies. In many schools across the United States of America, this fact has been acknowledged and recognized, and many teachers and educators are being trained in the techniques and methods of using these technologies. However, it is also a fact that most teachers have admitted to the truth that they have not been using these technologies, simply because they do not know and they have not been taught, how to, and nor do they have the basic technical support to use these technologies effectively. Power Point, White Boards, Laptops, LCD Projectors, CDOMS, the internet, and others are some of the technologies available…...

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REFERENCES

Aggarwal, Anil. (2003) "Web-based Learning and Teaching Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges" Idea Group Inc. (IGI)

"Definition of Power Point" Retrieved From

  lr=& oi=defmore& defl=en& q=define:PowerPoint Accessed 28 October, 2005http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en& ;

"Definition of Technology." Retrieved From

Studies also confirm that parental involvement may benefit not only students but also parents and communities. Parents who are more involved in their children's academic life are more likely to report positive perceptions of school and their children's achievements and more likely to participate in community events and activities.
More and more researchers are adapting their views and emphasizing the need for increasing parental involvement at all levels of education. Educators and administrators are also changing their view and realizing that teachers must work in partnership with community members and parents to benefit children in the long-term. Parents in many situations need support and encouragement as well as greater flexibility of scheduling to enable better involvement in their children's academic pursuits.

The research suggests that involvement is advantageous at all levels of the educational process, from the elementary level up through high school and beyond. Parental involvement leads to better achievement,…...

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References

Hawes, Carmen & Plourde, Lee. A. "Parental Involvement and It's Influence on the Reading Achievement of 6th Grade Students." Reading Improvement, 42(1): 2000. p. 47.

Machen, Sandra M., Wilson, Janell D. & Notar, Charles. E. Parental Involvement in the Classroom." Journal of Instructional Psychology, 32(1): 2005. p. 13.

Munoz, M.A. Parental volunteerism in kindergarten: Assessing its impact in reading and mathematics test. (Report No. PS030368). University of Louisville, KY. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED464745), (2000).

Nistler, R.J., & Angela, M. Stopping the silence: Hearing parents' voices in an urban first-grade family literacy program. Reading Teacher, 53(8), 2000. pp. 670-681.

Elementary Classroom Delivery Model and its
Effect on Student Achievement

Departmentalized Classrooms

Organization

Typically, a school is organized with either a departmentalized or a self-contained structure. (Self-contained classrooms will be discussed in the next section). A departmentalized class structure allows the student to learn from subject area experts who have specific knowledge in one subject area. The student is able study a subject in a more in depth manner, and learn new facets of that single subject. This specific design type is generally used in middle and high schools rather than middle schools. Students in these higher grades are generally given more leeway as to the specificity of subject matter as they prepare for a more imminent adulthood (Greenfield & Klemm, 2001).

"Departmentalized instruction is characterized by teachers with subject-matter rather than whole child orientation" (Parker, 2009). This may sound like a negative comment, and it can be construed as such. But, teachers in…...

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References

Chan, T.C., Terry, D., & Bessette, H. (2009). Fourth and fifth grade departmentalization: A transition to middle school. Journal for the Liberal Arts and Sciences, 13(2). 5-13.

Greenfield, T.A., & Klemm, E.B. (2001). When "good" school restructuring efforts still fail. American Secondary Education, 30(1). 2-11.

Hackman, D.G. (2004). Constructivism and block scheduling: Making the connection. Phi Delta Kappan, 85(9). 697-713.

Harlin, R.P. (2009). Research into practice: Innovations and international perspectives. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 23(3). 393-401.

Effects on School Climate on Student AchievementIntroductionThe role of school climate in student achievement has been a subject of ongoing debate and investigation in educational research. The relationship between the two is multifaceted and is suggested to affect various aspects of student life, including academic performance, social-emotional development, and mental health (Demiroz, 2020). This paper examines the perception of school climate by staff members in public elementary schools and its potential impact on student achievement.The Research ProblemThe problem to be studied is the potential link between school climate, as perceived by public elementary school staff, and student achievement. Although there is a wealth of research suggesting that school climate can influence student achievement, there is less understanding about the relationship between staff perceptions of school climate and student outcomes (Demiroz, 2020; Thapa et al., 2013).Background and JustificationSchool climate refers to the quality and character of school life, which is based…...

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References

Bear, G. G., Gaskins, C., Blank, J., & Chen, F. F. (2011). Delaware School Climate Survey—Student: Its factor structure, concurrent validity, and reliability. Journal of School Psychology, 49(2), 157-174.

Cohen, J., McCabe, E. M., Michelli, N. M., & Pickeral, T. (2009). School climate: Research, policy, teacher education and practice. Teachers College Record, 111(1), 180-213.

Demiroz, S. (2020). The relationship between secondary schools students\\\\\\' perceptions of school climate, their school belonging and their academic achievement. Education Reform Journal, 5(2), 60-77.

Background of the Issue Parental involvement has long been established as an important variable in student achievement along various outcome parameters. Prior research has shown that parental involvement can lead to the cultivation of strong reading habits (Castro, Exposito-Casas, Lopez-Martin, et al., 2015), student self-esteem and self-efficacy (Ule, Zivoder & DuBois-Reymond, 2015), future success (Hill, Witherspoon & Bartz, 2016), and quantitative measures of academic success (Benner, Boyle & Sadler, 2016; Castro, Exposito-Casas, Lopez-Martin, et al., 2015). In fact, parental involvement can also promote the efficacy of the school s a whole, improving that school’s performance ratings, its reputation, and its effectiveness in forming strong ties with other governmental, human service, and community organizations (Ma, Shen, Krenn, et al., 2015). Therefore, one of the most important subjects in educational research and educational administration is parental involvement. Researchers need to learn how to increase parental involvement in meaningful ways, ways that yield desired…...

Student achievement at the elementary level has become an issue of great academic and educational importance. This level of education is of utmost importance in order to ensure the effective future learning, growth, and adulthood of the children involved. It is therefore of great importance to ensure the highest possible student achievement at the elementary level. The literature has revealed, however, that there are so many components to the relationships among students and teachers at this level that it is difficult to determine precisely what is at the heart of students achieving better results during their elementary school careers. Some, for example, focus on teacher qualification, while others consider the relationship between the teacher and students in a classroom. One strategy, investigated by Bancroft (2010), is student collaboration. Although this is not a new strategy in terms of pedagogy, significant benefits could be derived in terms of focusing on elementary…...

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References

Bancroft, B.L. (2010, Apr. 13) Enhancing Student Achievement Through Cooperative Learning at the Elementary level. Retrieved from:  http://www.nmu.edu/sites/DrupalEducation/files/UserFiles/Files/Pre-Drupal/SiteSections/Students/GradPapers/Projects/Bancroft_Briana_MP.pdf

Achievement Testing
Howell and ueda in their article Achievement Testing with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students question the veracity of the widely used Standardized Norm-eferenced Achievement Test (SNAT) in measuring systematic differences among group means. As they point out, SNAT characteristics, are: completely nonaligned with instruction; assume a uniform curriculum, schooling, language proficiency and sociocultural experience across student groups; and are designed for an outside purpose of formulating education policy. Given the limitations of SNATs, Howell and ueda explore the alternative Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) and the Performance Assessment (PA) approaches to student achievement. Though more aligned to classroom curriculum and instruction, these alternatives too have their limitations. The CBM focus on task-analytic decomposition of complex domains, for example, is of concern for teachers of language minority students who commonly use more holistic or 'whole-language' approaches. Similarly, the reliance of PA on the use of complex and interactive tasks is more likely…...

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References

Howell, K.W. & Rueda, R. Achievement Testing with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse

Students. Handbook of Multicultural Assessment. p. 253-284

Weiler, J. (Apr. 1998). Recent Changes in School Desegregation. ERIC/CUE Digest. No. 133

There are, for example, many ways for a student to present an understanding of the causes of the U.S. Civil War" (1999, p. 35).
Conclusion

The research showed high stakes standardized testing approaches are becoming increasingly commonplace in the nation's schools, and the outcome of these testing regimens has enormous implications for the students involved, as well as for their teachers and schools. The research also showed that by formulating standards to match these standardized tests, teachers run the risk of "teaching to the test" rather than providing their students with the type of education that is needed in the 21st century. While they are more complex and difficult to administer, the research also showed that portfolios and other assessment techniques such as capstone projects provide a more comprehensive and accurate way to determine how well students are learning and where they may need help.

eferences

Blasi, M. (2005). Standardized tests: A teacher's…...

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References

Blasi, M. (2005). Standardized tests: A teacher's perspective. Childhood Education, 81(4), 242-

Garcia, N. & Fleming, J. (1999). Are standardized tests fair to African-Americans? Journal of Higher Education, 69(5), 471-472.

Neill, D.M. (1999). Transforming student assessment. Phi Delta Kappan, 78(1), 34-35.

Sacks, P. (2000). Standardized minds: The high price of America's testing culture and what we can do to change it. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Publishing.

Sure! I can certainly help you with creating a research proposal and outline for your college paper on educational reform. Here is an example of how you can structure your proposal and outline, including proper spacing:

Research Proposal:

Title: Examining the Effectiveness of Educational Reform Initiatives in Enhancing Student Achievement

I. Introduction
A. Background and Context
B. Problem Statement
C. Research Questions
D. Significance of the Study

II. Literature Review
A. Overview of Educational Reform
B. Key Concepts and Theories
C. Previous Studies and Findings

III. Methodology
A. Research Design
B. Data Collection Methods
C. Sample Selection
D. Data Analysis Techniques

IV. Expected Results
A. Hypotheses
....

Sure! Here is a sample research proposal and outline for a college paper on educational reform:

Research Proposal: Exploring the Impact of Educational Reform on Student Achievement and Equity

I. Introduction
A. Background of the study
1. Briefly discuss the current state of the education system
2. Highlight the need for educational reform
B. Problem statement
1. Identify the key problems within the system that require reform
2. Discuss the negative consequences of these problems on student achievement and equity
C. Research question
- How does educational reform impact student achievement and promote equity in the education system?
D. Objectives
1. Investigate....

1. Should social media platforms be held responsible for monitoring and removing hate speech?
2. Is the death penalty an effective deterrent for violent crime?
3. Should college athletes be paid for their performance?
4. Are stricter gun control laws necessary to reduce gun violence?
5. Should the government provide free healthcare for all citizens?
6. Is climate change a result of human activity?
7. Should the minimum wage be increased to a livable wage?
8. Is affirmative action still necessary in today's society?
9. Should standardized testing be the primary measure of student achievement?
10. Is privacy in the digital age a fundamental human right?
11. Should the use....

1. Exploring the Effects of the FAT City Workshop on Educators

2. The Impact of the FAT City Workshop on Classroom Management

3. Enhancing Teacher Practices through the FAT City Workshop

4. Understanding the Importance of the FAT City Workshop in Special Education

5. Implementing Strategies Learned from the FAT City Workshop in the Classroom

6. Transforming Teaching Practices with the FAT City Workshop

7. The Role of Self-Reflection in the FAT City Workshop

8. Addressing Challenges in the Classroom with the FAT City Workshop

9. Empowering Educators through the FAT City Workshop

10. The Evolution of Inclusive Practices with the FAT City Workshop
11. Empowering Students through Educators Trained....