Stereotyping and Predujice Discrimination
Stereotyping and Prejudice Discrimination

Definition and differences between stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination

Discrimination, prejudice, and stereotype in many cases are used correspondingly in day-to-day conversations. However, when we have a close examination at these words, we can define and describe them distinctively: we can define stereotypes as ideas that are oversimplified about certain groups of persons. Prejudice is the feeling and thought directed towards these subject groups while discrimination is the action that focuses on these groups. Racism is described as a form of prejudice including set beliefs directed to a given group of a certain race. As the above statement suggests, stereotypes are ideas that are oversimplified about certain groups and can be based on sexual orientation, gender, age, ethnicity, or race-almost, any feature.

They can be positive (often the group of an individual like women say that they are not likely to make complains on physical pains) but…...

Stereotyping
I was quite proud. I had spent the past hour putting together what had to be the absolute best cranberry sauce in the entire history of cranberry sauces. I dipped my finger into it, tasted it, and at that moment I was pretty sure I was about to get a phone call from Gordon Ramsay asking me for the recipe. I was making one seriously delicious contribution to Thanksgiving. My family hardly ever does anything big for Thanksgiving anymore. My older brother is long gone. He works in London. We see him once every couple of years and my mom would always bug him to find a nice girl and get married, so she could have grandkids. My sister is off at school now, too, some pot-smoking hippie places in Oregon. But this year we were all getting together. My stepdad's brother was going to join us. My stepdad hadn't…...

In the current set of studies, we examine whether physiological arousal is a mediator of this effect. According to the Yerkes-Dodson (1908) theory of physiological arousal, performance is optimal at intermediate levels of arousal and decreases when arousal is either low or high, resulting in an inverted-U shaped function. We propose that stereotype threat may interfere with performance by leading to arousal that exceeds an optimal level." (Inzlicht & en-Zeev, and Fein, 2002) it is additionally stated in the report of the findings of this study that it is likely that arousal has an important role as a mediator of stereotype threat. Women's performance deficits in the presence of men were attenuated when women were given an opportunity to misattribute their arousal to an external source. When arousal was "removed," by misattribution to a benign source, women were less likely to experience impairments in performance. Furthermore, far from exhibiting…...

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Bibliography

Ben-Zeev, T., Inzlicht, M. And Fein, S. (2002) What is Stereotype Threat: An Investigations of the Mediating role of Arousal in threatening intellectual environment. Arousal and Stereotype threat. 16 Jan 2002. Online available at http://bss.sfsu.edu/ben-zeev/arousal_paper_jan_16,_2002.htm

Case Study Scenario: It Depends on the Lens (nd) Cornell University. Online available at http://paid.uci.edu/chairs%20retreat%20files/ArrwhdMtrls2008/D%20CITE%20&%20CU%20Advance.pdf

Ford, T.E. (1997) Effects of stereotypical television portrayals of African-Americans on person perception. Personality and Social Psychology Quarterly, 60, 266-275

Gilbert, Sarah Jane (2006) Manly Men, Oil Platforms and Breaking Stereotypes. Harvard Business School 27 Nov 2006. Working Knowledge.

Language
The question that is not answered in this essay seems to be, what if one does not accept the belief that "our dominant white culture is racist" (p. 9). If one does not accept that premise in the first place then the entire essay is out of touch and misapplied. The thought that our language "an indispensable transmitter of culture" is racist as well, is not an acceptable thesis. Instead, what one could say is that the culture found in today's modern American society is one that allows for the free expression of thoughts and beliefs with words that are derived from a variety of sub-cultures and that they may not be racist at all, but a more effective method for communicating with like members of that particular sub-culture. Or, better yet, it could be that language no longer commonly used in 'regular' society, has its place in reminding individuals…...

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References

Davis, L.J. (2006) The value of teaching from a racist classic, Chronicle of Higher Education, Vol. 52, Issue 37, pp. 89 -- 92

Stereotyping of Women of Color in Contemporary Television Advertisements
This paper presents a detailed examination of the way television commercials portray women of color. The writer explores past and present issues that media entertainment has had with minority women and details the current trends and attitudes in television advertising. There were 20 sources used to complete this paper.

Stereotypes of Women of Color in TV Ads

Since the 1960's the civil rights movements have worked to equalize the playing field for everyone in America. Whole the constitution of the nation claims all men are created equal the fact has remained that minorities have suffered racism and indignities in many life areas. One of the areas that minorities have been portrayed differently than non-minorities has been the area of entertainment. Television has been a recreational tool for Americans for about six decades and during that time minorities have been portrayed in ways that reflected…...

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References

Minorities in children's television commercials: new, improved, and stereotyped.

Journal of Consumer Affairs; 6/22/2003; Reece, Bonnie B.

The Portrayal of Women in U.S. Prime Time Television.

Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media; 1/1/1999; Brain, Mary

Prejudice and stereotyping are not new to society, but alert students (and others who are educated as to the dangers of prejudice) should beware of falling into stereotyping that unfairly passes judgment on others who are not like us. Thesis: hile it is nearly impossible for people to avoid placing certain groups and individuals into strict stereotypical categories, nevertheless honest, thoughtful people recognize and avoid the injustices perpetrated by stereotyping.
Prejudice - ONE

Prejudice: In Chapter 6 the authors point out that prejudice involves "…a negative attitude toward individuals based on their membership in a particular group." In the New York Times-owned online resource, About.com, the authors describe prejudice as a "…baseless and usually negative attitude" toward group members, and it is often the result of stereotyping a group or person (Cherry, 2011). One way in which people arrive at prejudicial feelings is by minimizing "…the differences between people within groups" and…...

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Works Cited

Chapter 6. Prejudice, Stereotypes, and Discrimination.

Cherry, Kendra. (2011). What Is Prejudice? About.com / Psychology. Retrieved June 30, 2013,

from  http://psychology.about.com .

Fu, F., Famita, C.E., Christakis, N.A., Wang, L., Rand, D.G., and Nowak, M.A. (2012).

Identity Formation: Racial Stereotyping
Nell Bernstein's Goin' Gangsta, Choosin' Cholita essentially illustrates how teens are discarding their own identities and consequently, claiming those that they prefer. This preferred-identity-adoption culture is most prevalent in the state of California; a factor that has been attributed to the great race diversity in the said state. Bernstein makes use of various teens in California to illustrate this point. April is one such teenager; she is Anglo, but claims a Mexican identity and even mouths and dresses like a Mexican. A significant number of white teenagers in California have, like April, taken on either African-American or Mexican identities.

This readiness to claim preferred identities can be looked at from two perspectives. To begin with, it could be viewed as a positive step towards achieving both a zero-tolerance to racism and better relations between people of different races. The other side of the coin may, however, not be…...

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Works Cited

Bourn, Douglas. "Young People, Identity and Living in a Global Society." Policy and Practice: a Development Education Review Vol. 7 (2008): 48-61. Print.

Hunteman, Nina, and Morgan Michael. Handbook of Children and the Media. Eds. Singer Dorothy, and Singer Jerome. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage, 2001. Print.

Jeung, Russell. Contemporary Asian-American Communities. Eds. Vo Linda, and Bonus Rick. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2002. Print.

Novak, Garry, and Pelaez Martha. Child and Adolescent Development: a Behavioral Systems Approach. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage, 2004. Print.

Prejudice and Stereotypes: The Movie 'Crash'
'Crash' brings out the various cultural and social differences that humans encounter in their day-to-day operations and depicts how these differences affect their instincts, impulses and the perspectives they hold about members of other groups. Prejudice and stereotyping come out as the drivers of perspective in today's society and are viewed as thoughts that everyone has felt at some point in time.

The movie begins with a Muslim man attempting to purchase a firearm from a store owned by a White Caucasian. The storeowner handles the customer with a negative attitude because of his religious background. The seller's negative attitude is triggered by the stereotypes he holds about Islam, which drive him to immediately associate his customer with the Islamic terror group Al-Qaeda -- through whose actions thousands of innocent Americans have lost their lives.

In this particular scene, the shop owner predisposes the behavior of violence…...

This situation can be somewhat complex, as an individual is likely to be placed in a position where their own skill set will be put to efficient use, meaning that their capabilities often (and ideally always) match the position and designation they have (USAI 2009). This means that perceptions of an individual's capabilities based on his or her MOS is likely at least partially rooted in truth, but that does not mean that these perceptions should reach the level of stereotyping individuals based on their specialty.
The military has almost every conceivable employment position tat exists in the civilian world, from plumbers to cooks to pilots, and each classification can carry its own burden of presumptions and stereotypes around with it. Non-combat positions especially can be viewed with derision due to the reasons many individuals are placed there -- lack of fitness or disability -- meaning that otherwise eligible individuals…...

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References

Boyce, L. & Herd, A. 92004). "The Relationship Between Gender Role Stereotypes and Requisite Military Leadership Characteristics." Sex roles, Volume 49, Number 8, pp. 365-78.

DeGroot, G. (2001). "A few good women: Gender stereotypes, the military and peacekeeping." International Peacekeeping, Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 23-38.

Frey, B. (2007). "Awards as compensation." European Management Review, Volume 4, Number 1, 2007, pp. 6-14.

Smith, S. (2010). "Army MOS." Accessed 1 February 2010.  http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-army-mos.htm

Gender Development and Stereotyping
Gender typing refers to the process through which a child starts becoming aware of their gender and hence starts behaving accordingly through adoption of values and attributes which are associated with members of the sex which they identify as being the one they belong to . This is a very important step to the social and personality development of a child as it has an impact on their understanding of the behaviors that are accepted socially as well as being influential when it comes to their social judgments. The responses that a child gets from their social group mold their identity thus they become more masculine or feminine and hence impact their view of the world. Whether a child develops cross-gender identities, shared traits or androgyny their decisions are based on identification of a gender and models they choose to copy. The behaviors which they adopt will…...

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Reference

Open learn. (2005).Cognition and gender development. Retrieved January 27,2014 from  http://www.open.edu/openlearn/body-mind/childhood-youth/childhood-and-youth-studies/childhood/cognition-and-gender-development

Although Cleopatra is described as once being beautiful, her racial identity as an Egyptian and her representation of darkness and a darker form of sensuality is unmistakable. The queen admits this herself, even validating the blackness as ugliness stereotyping -- "Think on me,/That am with Phoebus' amorous pinches black,/and wrinkled deep in time?" (I.5)
But although the North African woman may be more desirable than Octavia in her form and in her height and in the shape of her forehead, any beauty she has is drugging and sedating like the drug she asks for from her castrated eunuch, rather than sustaining to Anthony. Her use of eunuchs, of course, underlines what she makes of the once-great leader Anthony -- a mere plaything of a strong woman. However, this characterization of black women in leadership positions and sexual positions in relation to white is hardly particular to Shakespeare.

In fact, this perception…...

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Works Cited

Shakespeare, William. "Anthony and Cleopatra." Retrieved online 22 November 2004 at  http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/cleopatra/cleopatra.1.5.html

Very few individuals, either female or male, fit perfectly into the stereotypes but those who more closely assimilate into their gender's stereotype tend to be more readily accepted by the rest of society. Those who venture farthest from the stereotype tend to suffer the greatest social sanctions in the form of disdain, attempts by others to modify their behavior, or isolation. omen who fail to be nice or show signs of being arrogant and controlling are subject to social censure in some form while men who fail to be strong and assertive are viewed as being incompetent.
As to which gender suffers most severely from gender stereotyping, it is difficult to say. Each gender undoubtedly is forced to conform in some measure to stereotyping but the fact that males still largely dominate the formation of social norms and expectations it is likely that non-stereotypical women still suffer the most criticism…...

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Works Cited

Auster, C.J. "Masculinity and feminity in contemporary American society: A reevaluation using the Bem Sex-Role Inventory." Sex Roles (2000): 499-528.

Correll, Joshua. "A Model of the Ingroup as a Social Resource." Personality and Social Psychology Review (2005): 341-359.

Heilman, Madeline E. "Description and Prescription: How Gender Stereotypes Prevent Women's Ascent up the Organizational Ladder." Journal of Social Issues (2002): 657-674.

Kelly, Sandra J. "Gender Differences in Brain and Behavior: Hormonal and Neural Bases." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (1999): 655-664.

A professor of English at aynesburg College, Roberts may have glossed over some of the raw and even vulgar remarks and actions taken by the characters. At one point a newspaper editor -- angered by the violence and killing conducted by Tony's gang of gangster beer purveyors -- blurts out, "e need to put teeth in the deportation act! These gangsters don't belong in this country" (Scarface, Hawk).
Throughout the entire film Tony is seen as a plodding, incompetent, intellectually shallow person who uses an exaggerated Italian accent in his broken English. Tony demonstrates the stereotypical Italian mafia persona in everything he does, which surely was a statement by Hecht and Hawk vis-a-vis Italian immigrants. The juxtaposition of Tony as a tuxedo-wearing mental lightweight pushing people around is among the lasting images one gets after viewing this film.

Hawks and Hecht ignored the first six chapters of Trail's book, in order…...

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Works Cited

Gates, Philippa. Detecting Men: Masculinity and the Hollywood Detective Film. New York:

SUNY Press, 2006.

George, Philip Brandt. "Of Gangsters and G-Men." American History. (2004): 68-69.

Holte, James Craig. "Unmelting Images: Film, Television, and Ethnic Stereotyping." Melus

Culture is the true origin of the limitations of collective thought and this is where the ideas of bias and stereotypes takes form. Northouse (2013) added " culture consists of traditional (i.e., historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values; culture systems may, on the one hand, be considered as products of action, on the other, as conditioning elements of future action " (p.18). Culture is an imaginary force, and like our biases, are merely thoughts and should be treated as such. Culture can be very unfriendly when irrational stereotypes are applied in situations where clear judgments and a rational weighing of the issues is more pertinent.

As a society we should not try to eliminate diverse methods of thought simply because they over-generalize a situation. Stereotypes ring true too often for them to be totally dismissed and should be incorporated in more useful and practical ways like comedy…...

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References

Adler, N (2013).International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior 5th ed

Northouse, P.G.(2013).Leadership: Theory and Practice 6th ed

, 2009). To the extent that these young people are perceived in terms of stereotypical views by clinicians will likely be the extent to which the therapeutic relationship will be adversely affected. In this regard, Villaneuva and her associates conclude that, "Myths and stereotypes about mental illness that can create personal biases and lead to discrimination. Such stereotypical views together with long-standing beliefs about mental illness can affect the nurse-patient relationship and ultimately influence the care that patients receive" (p. 221).
In response to this potential for stereotypical perceptions influencing clinicians' treatment of adolescents with mental disorders, a growing number of programs across the country have been launched in recent years to educate the public and healthcare professionals concerning stereotypes about mental illness in general and among young people in particular. Popular stereotypes about mental illness, though, can be powerful forces that are not easily changed. For example, a study by…...

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References

Hinkelman, L. & Granello, DH (2003). Biological sex, adherence to traditional gender roles, and attitudes toward persons with mental illness: An exploratory investigation. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 25(4), 259-261.

Overton, S.L. & Medina, S.L. (2008). The stigma of mental illness. Journal of Counseling and Development, 86(2), 143-144.

Villanueva, C.S., Scott, S.H., Guzzetta, C.E. & Foster, B. (2009). Development and psychometric testing of the attitudes toward mental illness in Pediatric Patients Scale.

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 22(4), 220-221.

1. The Influence of Cognitive Distortions on Mental Health:

- How do cognitive distortions, such as catastrophising, overgeneralisation, and black-and-white thinking, contribute to the development and maintenance of mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and PTSD?
- Explore the role of cognitive restructuring techniques in challenging and modifying dysfunctional thought patterns, thereby improving mental health outcomes.

2. Attachment Styles and Their Impact on Relationships:

- Elaborate on the different attachment styles, including secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant, and their formation during childhood.
- Analyse the effects of attachment styles on romantic relationships, focusing on how they influence communication, trust, intimacy, and....

I. Introduction
A. Background information on gender inequality in education
B. Thesis statement: Gender inequities in education persist, leading to disparities in opportunities and outcomes for individuals of different genders.

II. Gender Disparities in Access to Education
A. Differences in enrollment rates between boys and girls
B. Barriers to education faced by girls, such as cultural norms and economic constraints
C. Impact of gender disparities on educational attainment and future opportunities

III. Gender Stereotypes in Education
A. Stereotypical beliefs about gender roles and abilities in academics
B. Influence of gender stereotypes on teacher expectations and classroom dynamics
C. Consequences of stereotyping on students' self-esteem and academic performance

IV. Gender Inequities in....

Thesis Statement:

Cultural distortion, deindividuation, and prejudiced stereotypes perpetuate societal division and undermine human understanding.

Introduction:

In contemporary society, the prevalence of distorted cultural narratives, deindividuation, and enduring prejudiced stereotypes poses a significant threat to fostering genuine human connection and understanding. This thesis will explore the complex interplay between these three phenomena and argue that they work in tandem to create and maintain social barriers, hindering our ability to recognize the inherent worth and diversity of all individuals.

Section 1: Cultural Distortion and Identity Construction

Cultural distortion involves the selective presentation of certain cultural characteristics while obscuring others, resulting in an incomplete and often inaccurate....

Titles for an Essay about Stereotypes in Pocahontas

Title 1: The Myth and Reality of Pocahontas: Unraveling Stereotypes in Popular Culture

This title succinctly captures the central theme of the essay by highlighting the contrast between the idealized image of Pocahontas and the historical complexities of her story. It suggests an exploration of the ways in which stereotypes have distorted the understanding of this significant figure.

Title 2: Pocahontas: Beyond the Feminine Ideal and Cultural Misappropriation

This title emphasizes the problematic nature of the stereotypes surrounding Pocahontas, particularly her portrayal as a passive love object and a symbol of Native American culture. It hints....