There were none with limited English proficiency; those with Non-Limited English Proficiency ranked 50, there were no free or reduced lunch scores, those at non-poverty scored 57-64, while those at Poverty scored 42-46.
In a graph showing the Stanford Achievement Test 10th Edition results in eading for the entire system in ussellville City, Alabama, the males rank 48-60 and females rank49-52, the blacks rank at 29-40, the Hispanic at 16-40, and the whites far outstrip either of these at 61-63. Those with limited English proficiency scored 11-32, those with Non-Limited English Proficiency ranked 55-58, those with free lunches scored 41, those with reduced lunch scored 54, those at non-poverty scored 65, while those in Poverty scored 37-43.
In a graph showing the Stanford Achievement Test 10th Edition results in eading for the Alabama School of Fine Arts, males ranked 88 and females ranked 91 (52), the blacks rank at 85, the…...
mlaReferences (Kohn, a. January 2001). Fighting the Tests: A practical guide to rescuing our schools. Phi Dela Kappan. Retrieved January 15, 2007 at http://www.alfiekohn.com/articles.htm .
Standardized Testing Investigation
Academic success has been measured for decades by scores on Standardized tests including the HSPA, CAT, MAT, and SATs. Recent studies have held that too much weight is assigned to these tests and that certain higher education institutions have gone so far as to stop considering standardized test scores. The question addressed in this study is if standardized testing should be stopped.
Standardized Testing: The View of a Veteran and Retired Teacher
The work of Valerie Strauss reports an interview with Marion rady, veteran teacher, administrator, curriculum designer, and author and states that the reasons that teachers oppose standardized testing are many. The reasons stated include that public school teachers oppose the tests "…because they focus so narrowly on reading and math that the young are learning to hate reading, math, and school; because they measure only "low level" thinking processes; because they put the wrong people -- test manufacturers…...
mlaBibliography
Lineberry, Glen (2012) Standardized Tests Lead to Standardized Cheating. Huffington Post. 20 Sept 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/glen-lineberry/standardized-testing-cheating-scandal-_b_1898388.html
Moon, T.R., Brighton, C.M., Jarvis, J.M., & Hall, C.J. (2007). State standardized testing programs: Their effects on teachers and students (RM07228). Storrs, CT: The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented, University of Connecticut. Retrieved from: http://www.gifted.uconn.edu/nrcgt/moonbrja.html
Shatzsky, Joel (2012) Educating for Democracy: A Modest Proposal for Standardized Tests. Huffington Post -- Education 30 Oct 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joel-shatzky/standardized-testing-reform-_b_1929357.html
Strauss, Valerie (2011) The Complete List of Problems with High-Stakes Standardized Tests. The Washington Post. Post Local. 1 Nov 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/post/the-complete-list-of-problems-with-high-stakes-standardized-tests/2011/10/31/gIQA7fNyaM_blog.html
Standardized testing vs. authentic assessment in the elementary and junior high school
The role of evaluation is one of the basic issues discussed in education today, which is of main concern. Assessment may be described as a method used to better know the present knowledge that a student has. This means that assessment can be as easy as a teacher's subjective judgment based on a single scrutiny of student performance, or as difficult as a five-hour standardized test. The notion of current knowledge means that what a student knows is always altering and that we can make decisions about student success by comparisons over a period of time. Assessment may have an effect on choices about grades, advancement, placement, instructional needs, and curriculum. (Dietel; Herman; Knuth, 1991) Many educationalists adhere to the idea that education should deal mainly with reading, writing, and arithmetic. Others mention the significance of teaching the whole…...
mlaReferences
"Classroom Assessment and Testing" Retrieved from Accessed on 21 April, 2005http://www.gse.uci.edu/ed173online/notes/173unit10.html
Cora, Marie. (9 August, 2001) "Definitions: Draft" Assessment Guidebook for the ABE Field in Massachusetts. Retrieved from Accessed on 21 April, 2005http://www.doe.mass.edu/acls/pawg/fgloss.doc
Dietel, R.J; Herman, J.L; Knuth, R.A. (1991) "What Does Research Say about Assessment?" NCREL, Oak Brook. Retrieved from Accessed on 21 April, 2005http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/stw_esys/4assess.htm
Epstein, Ann S; Schweinhart, Lawrence J; DeBruin-Parecki, Andrea; Robin, Kenneth B. (July, 2004) "Preschool Assessment: A Guide to Developing a Balanced Approach"
Thus, the best way to achieve educational improvement and student success is to pair the issue of standardized testing together with other teacher-based assessments. Standardized testing should remain a focus of the educational realm for administrative purposes, such as planning standards and curriculum. In order to determine whether a student is ready to advance, however, teachers should make recommendations to their administrations, citing evidence. By opening this recommendation process up for administrators, parents, and other concerned individuals to weigh-in, this will be the most accurate and most objective way to assess student success.
Thus, standardized tests can be a useful tool, but they are not the right tool for measuring high stakes. Instead, it is better to rely on the individuals who can assess a student's whole thinking process -- the teachers -- in order to make high stakes decisions. Combined with other methods of assessment, such as teacher-based assessment,…...
mlaReferences
American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, and National Council on Measurement in Education (1999). Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association. Retrieved July 17, 2009, from http://www.apa.org/pubinfo/testing.html
"SAT (test)." (2009). Retrieved July 17, 2009, from http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761588262/SAT.html
"What's Wrong With Standardized Tests?" (2007). Retrieved July 17, 2009, from http://www.fairtest.org/whats-wrong-standardized-tests
Standardized Testing Anxiety
Despite my less-than-perfect score on my GRE, I still believe I am an appropriate and worthwhile candidate for the MS/MPH program at University of Massachusetts Amherst. I am among that small but realistic percentage of individuals that often score poorly on standardized tests, and the GRE was no exception to that. However, instead of discussing what I did not do well on, allow me to tell you what I can do. I have been a registered nurse for 6 years and work in the emergency room, recovery room, and critical care areas. Even though I did not score very well on my SAT, I was still accepted into several undergraduate institutions, as these schools believed in what I was capable of doing.
Throughout nursing school I maintained a 3.0 GPA. I have also taken graduate courses in the Masters of Information Systems program at Bowie State University where I…...
Standardized Testing -- Students with ADHD
The first study in an article in the Journal of Learning Disabilities by Frazier, et al. (2007) looks at the published literature (studies) since 1990 in order to produce a meta-analysis that will show the "…magnitude of achievement problems" that confront individuals with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). In other words, the purpose was to find out exactly what problems ADHD sufferers encounter when trying to achieve knowledge. In order to ascertain the difficulties -- and to help ADHD students become more academically competent -- that present roadblocks for those individuals, the first study looks at existing literature and uses "…quantitative, meta-analytic procedures" as a research design in order to thoroughly interpret the results in previous work (Frazier). The first research section examined 72 studies (the ones that fulfilled all appropriate criteria); 54 studies involved children; 7 involved adolescents; 4 looked at college students and…...
mlaWorks Cited
Frazier, T.W., Youngstrom, E.A., Glutting, J.J., and Watkins, M.W. (2007). Journal of Learning Disabilities, 40(1), 49-65.
Students will not be able to understand the need to learn a subject and they will not have an opportunity to research or think about a particular subject when they are merely forced to memorize the details. Teachers are badly affected since they have to impart knowledge based on limitations and directions from authorities. Students cannot be shaped into unique individuals who will have their own opinion on various topics. Only uniform thinkers will be left with no room for innovation. By memorizing details, students will not enjoy what they learn. They are left with a certain number of questions and answers to be memorized in a given period of time. Teachers reach a saturation point by this monotonous mode of education. They get fed up of repeating the same details. Moreover, additional resources like paper, staff support, administrative and parental assistance is also required. Teachers are left to…...
mlaReferences
Harris, Joseph; Turkington, Carol. Get Ready! For Standardized Tests: Grade 1. McGraw-Hill
Professional. 2000.
Immekus, J.C; Maller, S.J; Imbrie, P.K.; Ningying, Wu; McDermott, P.A. (2005, Oct) Work in Progress - an Analysis of Students' Academic Success and Persistence Using Pre-College Factors. Proceedings 35th Annual Conference, vol. 19-22, pp: S2C-3 - S2C-4.
Kohn, Alfie. Two Cheers for an End to the SAT. http://www.alfiekohn.org/teaching/sat.htm
Standardized Testing is not good for Education.
Standardized testing and standardized tests, when looked at for themselves are not bad things. When utilized to diagnose an issue or try to figure out if a student has learned what they have been taught then they do what they are supposed to. It is when standardized test results are utilized as the only factors to make choices regarding graduation or grade promotion, financial support, and ability tracking. In other words, when standardized tests become tests with very high stakes is when they become a problem (What's so bad about Standardized Testing, n.d.).
Despite their prejudices, imprecision, limited ability to gauge achievement or ability, and other flaws, schools use standardized tests to figure out if children are ready for school, track them into instructional groups; make a diagnosis of a learning disability, retardation and other handicaps; and make a decision whether to promote, retain…...
mlaReferences
How Standardized Testing Damages Education. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.fairtest.org/facts/howharm.htm
What's so bad about Standardized Testing? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.msu.edu/~youngka7/cons.html?iframe=true&width=100%&height=100
American public education system has endured many changes in the last few decades. It has gone from back to basics, to whole language learning, and then back to basics again. The system is constantly being scrutinized by the parents who send their children to it, the students themselves, experts in the field and politicians who use its flaws as a springboard for change, while using its successes as a platform for bragging rights. The American public school system is constantly being evaluated, and re-evaluated. A central criteria for the scrutinization of the system is the marks the students receive on the standardized testing that is administered each year.
Each school system or state system uses a standardized test of its choice to measure the student's progress through their academics. The school system administers the test to the students and the percentages are tallied to determine where on the national percentile…...
mlaReferences
Goldstein, Lorrie (2000).LORRIE GOLDSTEIN, TORONTO SUN, PUTTING TEACHERS TO THE TESTIF YOU WANT TO KNOW HOW GOOD A TEACHER IS, FIND OUT WHAT HIS STUDENTS LEARNED., The Toronto Sun pp C3.
Strauss, Valerie (2001). Strauss Washington Post Staff Writer, When Clock Beats Curriculum; Caught Between Expanding Subject Areas and Standardized Testing, Teachers and Students Feel Time Squeeze., The Washington Post pp A09.
Puckett, Patti (1999). School Watch: Testing doesn't equal learning, educator warns., The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, pp J11.
Charp, Sylvia (2001). Assessment and accountability., THE Journal (Technological Horizons In Education) pp 7.
Conflicting Viewpoints Essay: Standardized TestingStandardized testing has become increasingly common throughout the American educational system. It has become a critical part of national and state education law and policy as a way of ensuring greater accountability for American schools. But merely because a policy is more popular does not necessarily mean that it is doing what it purports to do. Since the 2002 No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) mandated standardized assessment on the individual and school level, serious questions have been raised regarding such tests validity and their ability to render schools truly accountable for the education their students receive.Supporting My Position (Against Standardized Testing)Perhaps the most damning indictment against standardized testing was provided by a nonpartisan study by the Brookings Institution, which found annual standardized testing by schools to be highly unreliable in the data they yielded (Standardized Testing, 2018). An estimated 50-80% of year-to-year test score improvements…...
mlaReferences
Standardized tests. (2018). ProCon. Retrieved from: https://standardizedtests.procon.org/
Control
Mid-year teacher evaluations are causing some stress among public school teachers; in this analysis three cousins from various places in the state are having a Christmas holiday meeting to discuss the ways in which the different districts they teach in are evaluating teachers. Teachers of course always try their best but more than helping students learn, teachers are basically being judged and in many cases are fearful that they will lost their jobs if their evaluations don't come out in a satisfactory way.
Clearly there are enormous differences between the three districts that the cousins teach in, but they share concerns that bias can creep into the decision-making process. And when the cousins have what one could call a "skull session" or a "brainstorming" session, a lot of issues relative to each of the three cousins are raised.
Analysis -- hat, hy, and How
hat is the issue in this dialogue between…...
mlaWorks Cited
Chapter 19: Apply Your Skills: Case for Critical Analysis. Managing Quality and Performance.
Favero, N., and Meier, K.J. (2013). Evaluating Urban Public Schools: Parents, Teachers, and State Assessments. Public Administration Review, 73(3), 401-412.
Kahn, H.M.A., Chandio, J.H., and Farooqi, M.T.K. (2014). Comparison of Performance
Appraisal System in Public and Private Schools. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Science, 8(1), 272-278.
Again, students may be less willing to go to school, and parents find themselves dragging unwilling bodies from the car to the school door, because the children feel they have little to look forward to, day in and day out.
The highly structured school day results in a more structured after-school environment. Parents take children to soccer practice and lessons to provide enrichment that is now lacking at school. This requires even the youngest children to have additional discipline in terms of when they begin their homework. Mealtimes may be lost, as families eat on the run, using what would once be quality time as a way of 'getting a jump' on the next day. McDonald's in the car suffices, rather than home-cooked meals, so homework can be attended to, as soon as the family walks through the door after a long, hard day.
This new pressure to succeed, facilitated by…...
Standardized Testing: Validity, Reliability and Specific to Purpose
Pros and Cons of standardized testing: High stakes tests
Assessment of non-standardized students
The one elemental requirement when determining any policy or standard that cannot be swept aside or forgotten, not even in part is that "individual" or "group of individuals" for which the policy or standard is being determined. ecause it is spe-cifically the entire scope of characteristics in relation to that "individual or group" for whom the policy is being determined that should be used as guidelines in assessing the same as well as being the one integral elements of consideration in the determination of that policy?
Having considered the foregoing statement to be both logical, rational as well as true then should not great care be applied in the use of "high-stakes" testing as in truth, this type of testing involves "high-risks" that surpass the threshold of even a gambler's enjoyment. Therefore, the…...
mlaBibliography:
The American Research Association: Position Statement Concerning High-Stakes Testing in Prek-12 Education AERA [Online] located at: / policy / stakes.htmhttp://www.aera.net/about
Elmore, Carnoy et al. (Eds.) (2003) "The new accountability: High Schools and high-stakes testing. NY: RoutledgeFalmer. 218 ISBN: 0-415-94705-7
ISBN: 0-415-94705-7 Reviewed by Sharon L. Nichols, Arizona State University, [Online] located at: http://edrev.asu.edu/reviews/rev279.htm
Kohn, Alfie (2004) "What Does It Mean to Be Well Educated?" And more Essays on Standards, Grading, and Other Follies. Boston: Beacon. (Reviewed by Mohhamed S. Almosa, University of Minnesota) 2004 Oct 4
Standardized testing has been rummaging around academic circles in America for close to a century ("Americans Instrumental"), but what has garnered the most controversy is the mandated nationwide testing under the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2002 (Hudson 10-15). The intent of NCLB is to pressure underperforming schools to meet basic educational standards, thereby reducing racial and socioeconomic disparities that have existed within the public education system since it was first established. There are, however, many critics of this approach. To better understand standardized testing, along with its benefits and controversies, this essay will provide an overview of the use of standardized testing within U.S. schools.
History
James Bryant Conant as President of Harvard College in 1933 helped establish the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), with the help of his assistant Henry Chauncey and the Princeton psychology professor Carl Brigham ("Americans Instrumental"). The SAT would be used to help evaluate the…...
mlaWorks Cited
"Americans Instrumental in Establishing Standardized Tests." Frontline, PBS, WGBH Educational Foundation. 2014. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
Blakeslee, Nate. "Crash Test." Texas Monthly May 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
Hudson, David L. Jr. Educational Standards. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2007. Print.
Pressley, Michael, Mohan, Lindsey, Raphael, Lisa M., and Fingeret, Lauren. "How Does Bennett Woods Elementary School Produce Such High Reading and Writing Achievement? Journal of Educational Psychology 99.2 (2007): 221-40. Print.
Destructive Implications of Standardized Testing
At every level education, our instincts are to prize creativity, ingenuity, individuality and competitive excellence. Never is this more so than at the University level, where a great many students are working hard to prove that their unique and individualized talents make them of value in the working world. However, over the course of recent decades, a growing emphasis on the use of standardized testing to evaluate student ability, aptitude and performance is depriving students of the opportunity to focus on advancing this important and individualized ambitions. As the discussion hereafter will demonstrate, standardized testing is especially out-of-place in the University setting, promoting a one-dimensional way of assessing an incredibly diverse array of students and simultaneously interfering with the far more important pursuit of personal betterment intended by the university experience.
First and foremost among concerns regarding the use of standardized testing is the question of their…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Fair Test. (2007). How Standardized Testing Damages Education. Fairtest.org.
Kingman, K. (2010). New Research Reveals Flaws in Assessing Bias of Standardized Tests. BrainTrack.
Koebler, J. (2011). Do Multiple Choice Questions Pass the Test? U.S. News & World Report.
Neal, K. (2011). SAT Wars: Exposing New Evidence of Flaws in Standardized Tests. PRNewswire.
There are four different philosophical approaches in education: idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism. While each of these four philosophical approaches can be seen in parts of modern-day education, realism is probably the most pervasive current philosophical influence.
Realism developed from the teachings of Aristotle and can be thought of as concerning objective facts. While different people may perceive things in various ways, the objective truth of an event does not change. This emphasis on rational thought means that realism underpins much of what we think of as truth.
Realism is reflected in educational approaches that teach critical thinking skills....
Sure! Here are some essay topics on various aspects of the English language:
1. The importance of learning English as a second language.
2. The evolution and history of the English language.
3. The impact of technology on the English language.
4. The influence of English in the global world.
5. The role of standardized testing in assessing English language proficiency.
6. The benefits and drawbacks of using English as a global lingua franca.
7. The representation and portrayal of English in literature and media.
8. The challenges and strategies for teaching English as a foreign language.
9. The differences between British English and American English.
10. The role of....
1. Should social media platforms be held responsible for monitoring and removing hate speech?
2. Is the death penalty an effective deterrent for violent crime?
3. Should college athletes be paid for their performance?
4. Are stricter gun control laws necessary to reduce gun violence?
5. Should the government provide free healthcare for all citizens?
6. Is climate change a result of human activity?
7. Should the minimum wage be increased to a livable wage?
8. Is affirmative action still necessary in today's society?
9. Should standardized testing be the primary measure of student achievement?
10. Is privacy in the digital age a fundamental human right?
11. Should the use....
1. The impact of cultural diversity on English language learning in the United States
2. The role of technology in enhancing English language education in the United States
3. Challenges faced by non-native English speakers in the United States education system
4. The importance of English language proficiency for academic and professional success in the United States
5. The effectiveness of bilingual education programs for English language learners in the United States
6. The influence of socio-economic factors on English language learning outcomes in the United States
7. The benefits of English language immersion programs for non-English-speaking students in the United States
8. The role of standardized....
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