A huge and continuous problem for local authorities in the rural and urban regions across the globe is public solid waste management (SWM). This problem is more pronounced in the developing countries. From the available data, it is clear that despite the low per-capita income in the developing countries in relation to that of the developed nations, they generate a very high proportion of the public solid waste recorded globally despite their relatively small ownership of the world's wealth. However, taking this problem in its stride, this situation in the developing countries needs to be taken more seriously as it could cause even bigger problems later on with the economic development and rapid urban development several of them are experiencing (Wang, He, Kim, & Kamata, 2001).
The mechanism in use in these developing nations which involves the gathering, processing and dumping of public solid waste hasn't really proved to be very…...

Solid Waste Trends in the United States
The United States is responsible for a significant proportion of the world's waste matter. The economic powerhouse is the world leader in the consumption of retail goods. Therefore, it is also the world leader in the production of solid waste there from. According to the module around which this discussion is centered, America's production of waste matter has accelerated at an alarming rate in the last half century, rising from 88.1 million tons in 1960 to 231.9 in 2000.

Two Contributing Factors:

One of the main contributing factors in the excessive production of solid waste is the staggering amount produced at the individual level. Evidence suggests that as a matter of habit, culture and lifestyle, Americans produce a tremendous amount of garbage at the individual level and are tremendously wasteful on the whole. The module shows that in 1960, the average American produced roughly 1.2 kg…...

Treatment Options
Solid Waste is generally described as:

• Trash (for instance dairy boxes and even coffee grounds)

• eject (for instance metallic scrap, wall panel, and even empty storage containers)

• Sludges coming from waste materials treatment facilities, drinking water supply clarification facilities, or air pollution control establishments (for instance scrubber slags)

• Manufacturing waste products (for instance manufacturing process contaminated waters and non-waste-water sludges as well as solids)

• Other dumped supplies, such as liquid, semisolid, solid, or even contained gaseous supplies caused by industrial, business, mining, farming, and local community pursuits (for instance boiler slags).

The phrase solid waste isn't restricted to waste products which are physically solid. Numerous solid wastes tend to be liquid, whilst some others happen to be semisolid or even gaseous.

The word solid waste, as based on the Statute, is extremely wide-ranging, including not just the conventional non-hazardous solid waste products, like city trash as well as manufacturing waste…...

mla

References

Canada Gazette (1998). Packaging and Transport Regulations, Canadian Nuclear Safety Act, Canada Gazette Part I, Oct, 1998.

Environmental News Service. (2007, October 10). Giant waste poisoning Nairobi children, environment. Environmental News Service. www.ens-newswire.com/ens/oct2007/2007-10-09-01.html

EPB 207 (2006). Saskatchewan's Drinking Water Quality Standards and Objectives (Summarized).

Ghosh, A., Mukiibi, M. And Ela, W. (2004). 'TCLP underestimates leaching of Arsenic from Solid residuals under landfill conditions'. Environmental Science and Technology, 38, pp. 4677-4682.

Solid aste
In todays capitalistic and consumer driven society enormous amounts of solid waste are produced. For many the moment they deposit the solid waste in its container, that is the moment they forget about it, but that waste has to end up somewhere. Just where this waste will end up and how it will be dealt with is a mystery to many. This public ignorance of the process for managing solid waste has been a problem for our society. According to Koizumi Harumi's essay titled Reducing aste, solid waste is a serious problem amongst industrialized nations where the amount of solid waste continues to increase both in total and per capita amounts.

Solid waste can be classified into two main categories one is known as industrial solid waste. This type of waste is produced by mining industries, agriculture industries and companies that provide goods and services for the public, industrial…...

mla

Works Cited

Harvey, Neo. "The Potential of Large Scale Urban Waste Recycling." Society and Natural Resources 23.9 (2010): 872-87. Academic Search Elite. Web. 2 Dec. 2010.

Koizumi, Harumi. "Reducing Waste." Enviroment 3.9 (2010): 5-10. Academic Search Elite. Web. 3 Dec. 2010.

Miller, Tyler G., and Scott E. Spoolman. "Chapter 16." Enviromental Science. 13th ed. Belmont Ca.: Brooks/Cole, 2008. 404-21. Print.

People and Waste: Challenges and SolutionsToday, the country is awash in a sea of waste, and the only things standing between an uncontrollable deluge of waste in the future are effective municipal solid waste management programs (Passell, 1991). To gain some insights into this problem, the purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the relevant literature to explicate the role of politics in successful municipal solid waste programs. In addition, an exploration of the role of leadership for successful municipal solid waste programs is followed by an analysis of the financial costs of municipal solid waste management on human populations. Finally, the paper presents solution to a hypothetical scenario followed by a summary of the research and important findings concerning people and waste in the 21st century in the conclusion.1. Examine the role of politics in successful municipal solid waste programs.The role of politics in successful municipal…...

mla

ReferencesCreeger, A. (2017). Public perception of leadership in the municipal solid waste sector. University of Nebraska – Lincoln. Retrieved from viewcontent. cgi?article=1197&context=envstudtheses.Passell, P. (1991). The garbage problem: it may be politics, not nature. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/26/science/the-garbage-problem-it-may-be-politicsnot-nature.html.Worrell, W. A., Vesilind, P. A., & Ludwig, C. (2016). Solid Waste Engineering: A Global Perspective (3rd Edition). Cengage Learning US. Retrieved from https://online.vital source.com/books/9781305888357.https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/

The waste group contains 3 items:
AS1 -- Storing of Recyclable Household aste and Non-recyclable aste

AS2 -- Building Location aste Management

AS3 -- Composting

Issue

Measurement Criteria

Points Awarded

Household Recycling facilities

Either

Either

here the following recycling

1.8

services are given:

• 3 internal storage bins for recyclable waste with -- min total capacity of 60 ltr

-- no individual bin smaller than 15 ltr

-- all of the bins in a devoted position that is accessible to disabled people

1.8

or

or

here full recycling facilities

3.6

are provided:

• 3 internal storage bins with -- min total capacity of 30 ltr

-- no individual bin smaller

than 7 ltr

-- all bins in a dedicated position that is accessible to disabled people

or 3.6

AND EITHER

• a Local Authority collection scheme for recyclable materials covering at least three streams of waste with sufficient space for the storage of the bins provided without stacking (within 10m of an external door) and which is accessible to disabled people

Construction aste

here the site waste management

0.9

plan includes…...

mla

Works Cited

Agyeman, J., & Evans, B. (2004). 'Just sustainability': The emerging discourse of environmental justice in Britain? The Geographical Journal, 170, 155-164.

Apitz, S.E. (2010). Waste or resource? classifying and scoring dredged material management strategies in terms of the waste hierarchy. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 10(8), 1657-1668.

Babin, R., & Nicholson, B. (2011). How green is my outsourcer? Measuring sustainability in global it outsourcing. Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal, 4(1), 47-66.

Ball, S., & Abou Taleb, M. (2011). Benchmarking waste disposal in the Egyptian hotel industry. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 11(1), 1-18.

Waste Water Treatment
Inadequately treated waste water poses hazards such as water-borne diseases and water-body pollution. People generate wastewater (sewage) in numerous ways, including laundry and toilet use. To prevent pollution and ensure public health, waste water ought to be treated adequately. Today, waste water is not so much a problem as it was in earlier centuries, a trend that is attributable to the development of efficient sewer lines and treatment plants, otherwise referred to as centralized wastewater collection and treatment facilities. Not long ago, however, these were not as effective as they are today, and worse still, were not available to a majority of the population. People used the conventional decentralized waste systems to take care of, among others, the black waters, and still managed to lead hygienic lives.

Septic Systems: these consisted of a "septic tank, the drain field, and the soil beneath the drain field" (NCSU, 2013). The tank,…...

mla

References

NCSU. (2013). Septic Systems and their Maintenance. North Carolina State University. Retrieved 2 May 2014 from http://www.soil.ncsu.edu/publications/Soilfacts/AG-439-13/

Rapaport, D. (1995). Sewage Pollution in Pacific Island Countries and how to Prevent It. Center for Clean Development.

UNL. (2011). A Place in the Country: the Acreage Owner's Guide. University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Retrieved 2 May 2014 from  http://lancaster.unl.edu/acreageguide/waste.shtml

Fundamental Principles of Solid Waste ManagementWaste management is the process of handling, storing, and disposing of solid waste. Solid waste includes both organic and inorganic materials, such as food scraps, paper products, glass, metal, and plastics. Waste management is important for public health and the environment. Improperly managed waste can contaminate water supplies, spread disease, and damage ecosystems.There are three main types of waste: municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial waste, and hazardous waste. MSW is generated by households and businesses and includes items like packaging, food scraps, and paper products. MSW is thus often called trash or garbage in the United States or rubbish in Britain, and is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public. MSW does not include industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, or hazardous wastes. MSW, furthermore, can be divided into two major components: combustible materials, such as paper and plastics; and noncombustible…...

mla

ReferencesEnvironmental Protection Agency. (2021). Code of federal regulations. Title 40, Chapter 1, Subchapter 1, part 258. Protection Agency (EPA). (2018). National overview: pacts and figures on materials, wastes and recycling. https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materialswaste-and-recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2021). Resource conservation and recovery act (rcra) overview. https://www.epa.gov/rcra/resource-conservation-and-recovery-act-rcraoverviewShanklin, C. W. (1991). Solid waste management: how will you respond to the challenge? Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 91(6), 663+. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A11254249/PPES?u=oran95108&sid=bookmarkPPES&xid=a901b28 The Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council Alternative Landfill Technologies Team (ITRC). (2003). Technical and regulatory guidance for design, installation, and monitoring of alternative final landfill covers.https://connect.itrcweb.org/HigherLogic/System/DownloadDocumentFile.ashx?DocumentFileKey=30ab4b5a-bfa1-4406-8ccc-3873314b23feWorrell, W. A., Vesilind, P. A., & Ludwig, C. (2016). Solid Waste Engineering: A Global Perspective (3rd Edition). Cengage Learning US. https://online.vitalsource.com/books/9781305888357https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapterI/part-258Environmental

U.S.-EPA consider to be hazardous waste. Are there any discrepancies in the regulations?.
The statutory regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designs hazardous waste as simply consisting of: a waste with a chemical composition or other properties that make it capable of causing illness, death, or some other harm to humans and other life forms when mismanaged or released into the environment (Environmental Protections Agency (EPA), 2005, p.2). The involved definition is, however, more complex than that particularly since a regulatory program structured for safe and immediate handling of hazardous waste demands a more rigid and tightly structured definition.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), therefore, worked at length to create tightly controlled definitions of the term so that adherence to the esource Conservation and ecovery Act (CA) should be simpler and less confusing.

CF §262.11 of the CA requires that any individual generating or producing a waste must determine if that…...

mla

References

Environmental Protections Agency (EPA). Hazardous waste characteristics scooping study. Retrieved on 4/17/2011from:  http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/wasteid/char/scopingp.pdf 

Environmental Protections Agency (EPA) (Sept. 2005). Introduction to United States Environmental Protection Agency Hazardous Waste Identification (40 CFR Parts 261). Pdf. Retrieved on 4/17/2011from:  http://www.epa.gov/osw/inforesources/pubs/hotline/training/hwid05.pdf 

Environmental Protections Agency (EPA). Solvents study. Retrieved on 4/17/2011from:  http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/downloads/studys.pdf 

Environmental Protections Agency (EPA) Waste identification. Retrieved on 4/17/2011from:  http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastetypes/wasteid/index.htm

" (fom Wold envionmental news, Intenet edition)
Besides developing flexible legislation that will distibute the functions of ecycling between manufactues and municipal sevices thee has to be a definite and developed pogam that would specialize on the optimal and the most exhaust utilization of electonic waste, eduction of e-waste landfills and incineation. Recycling pogam should not be limited to the ecycling of CRT monitos, as thei ownes ae moe likely to bing the whole obsolete compute system to the ecycling, not just compute monitos.

The benefit of integal pogam of ecycling is that it allows using a vaiety of mateials used in the electonics manufactuing like pecious metals, semi-pecious metals, and some electonic items in the euse.

The most impotant pat of the e-waste management is seach of the most appopiate and qualified patnes in the technical o pactical pat of the poblem solution. This poblem is of the essential value, as the…...

mla

reference: being reused repaired and modernized; being recycled and the most ecologically disadvantageous solution is simply being land filled. But the realization of these practices faces a lot of obstacles mainly of financial character. All of them are quite expensive and do not bring desired return.

That's why scientists and economists agree in the following: recycling of e-waste has to be the concern of electronics manufacturers. Loop industry is the most optimal solution to the problem as the manufacturer becomes responsible for the recycling of the products he makes. Introduction of such practices has the negative outcomes of course. Because technological process becomes more complicated and intensive, requires involvement of additional equipment and facilities on the hand with new labour the net value of the production increases and so the customers would have to pay more for electronics.

Another direction in the solution of e-waste problem is export of e-waste to the developing countries, where the process of recycling is cheaper and the possibility of e-waste to be reused, repaired and modernized is higher. Moreover some third world countries use unpopulated territories for e-waste. Anyways, this kind of solution is not appropriate again, because most of these practices somehow avoid law regulations of these countries and cannot have a mass character. It only creates additional problem which would have to be solved in close future.

As most of experts agree that recycling of e-waste has to be the problem of e-products manufacturers they have to develop different effective strategies and technologies for the most optimal solution of this problem: starting form transportation of e-waste from customer to the process of recycling. At this point global environmental community has to cooperate and share new practices and approaches in solving this problem. It refers both to technology and legislative regulation of the problem.

And in developing own strategy for e-waste management the officials of different countries have to work together and adopt practices of each other that are being effective. Countries of European Union had already made the first steps to the solution of this problem, making manufactures to be responsible for the waste caused by their products. The United Sates and Canada should start to introduce these practices as well, if they want to achieve ecological balance and safe coexistence of scientific and technological progress with health of humanity.

Industrial Waste and CSIntroductionIndustrial waste can take many forms, from toxic chemicals to manufacturing byproducts, and it can have serious consequences if not properly managed. Pollution, water contamination, and soil erosion are just a few of the potential problems that can result from improper industrial waste management. Fortunately, there are a number of strategies that can be used to solve this problem. ecycling, reuse, and proper disposal are all effective methods for managing industrial waste. By working together, businesses and environmental agencies can ensure that industrial waste is properly managed and does not pose a risk to human health or the environment. This paper will look at the case study of recycling in Algeria to see how solving industrial waste problems can be approached. Specifically, this paper will identify strategies for solving industrial waste-related problems, the role of corporate social responsibility (CS) in waste strategies, and proactive strategies for industrial…...

mla

ReferencesAlawa, B., Galodiya, M. N., & Chakma, S. (2022). Source reduction, recycling, disposal, and treatment. In Hazardous Waste Management (pp. 67-88). Elsevier.Castka, P., Bamber, & C., Sharp, J. (2005). Implementing Effective Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: A Framework. UK: British Standards Institution.Eddine, B.T. & Salah, M.M. (2012). Solid waste as renewable source of energy: current and future possibility in Algeria. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 3(1), 17.Jamal, T. & Stronza, A. (2009). Collaboration theory and tourism practice in protected areas: Stakeholders, structuring and sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(2), 169-189.Retech. (2015). Algeria waste. Retrieved from   Schaik, R. & Breukelman, H. (2018). Business opportunities in waste management in Algeria. Netherlands Enterprise Agency, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved from  https://www.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2018/06/Business-opportunities-in-waste-management-in-Algeria.pdfhttps://www.retech-germany.net/fileadmin/retech/05_mediathek/laenderinformationen/Algerien_RA_ANG_WEB_0_Laenderprofile_sweep_net.pdf Van

Streams
Waste minimization and reuse is an important component of operations in hydraulic fracking given the economic liability and safety issues associated with creating waste. Process streams, which entail the use of chemicals and detergents to clean water and gas streams before returning them to the process is an example of a technique for minimizing and reusing waste. Generally, the process of distilling crude oil entails treating ammonia bearing water before it is discharged into open sources of water like rivers and bays. Given the significance of this treatment to the health and safety of workers and the environment, identifying a suitable means for waste minimization and reuse is crucial though complex and expensive. In this case process streams would be the most suitable option since it would help clean waste water and gas streams before they are taken back to the process.

The reduction of wastes in process streams is…...

mla

References

Hocking, M.B. (2012). Modern chemical technology and emission control. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.

Manivanan, R. (2006). Recycling of industrial effluents. New Delhi: New India Publishing Agency.

"Reducing Hazardous Wastes in Your Business." (2008). Environmental Fact Sheet. Retrieved from New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services website:  http://des.nh.gov/organization/commissioner/pip/factsheets/hw/documents/hw-8.pdf

Waste and Energy Presentation
The first waste product is organic food waste. This ends up in landfills, and there are a number of negative outcomes. Food waste releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. Landfills are 20% of all methane emissions in the United States. Further, organic food waste is material that could be composted, but usually is not, representing a lost opportunity to create valuable compost for growing food. In addition, prior to making its way to the landfill, food waste is often stored in back alleys and in garbage cans, where it attracts rodents and other vermin (EPA, 2015).

Nuclear waste is a by-product of nuclear energy production. Nuclear waste comes in a number of categories, but it generally must be treated before it is deposited, and usually it must be turned to glass, stored in ceramics and then buried deep in the earth. Nuclear wastes have a long half-life, and…...

mla

References

EPA.gov (2015). The food recovery hierarchy. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from  http://www.epa.gov/foodrecovery/ 

Tollefson, J. (2015). U.S. government seeks sites for nuclear waste storage. Nature. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from  http://www.nature.com/news/us-government-seeks-sites-for-nuclear-waste-storage-1.17183 

Greenpeace (2014). Coal impacts on water. Greenpeace. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from  http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/climate-change/coal/Water-impacts/ 

SourceWatch (2015). Fracking and water pollution. SourchWatch.org. Retrieved June 1, 2015 from  http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Fracking_and_water_pollution

This approach has been regarded as one of the best and safest approaches. Despite this, there is widespread concern about proper radioactive waste management. (National esearch Council (U.S.), 1)
According to a 1976 EDA report, the nine facilities for radioactive waste disposal have been referred to as significant health hazards. Leaks and spills at such facilities are not very uncommon. In fact, the radioactive waste storage facility at ichland has reported around 18 leaks in a period of 20 years discharging approximately 430,000 gallons of radioactive wastes, shows the enormity of the situation. Leaks have also been reported in Kentucky, New York State, and in Tennessee. (Gyorgy, 130) it has been reported that the U.S. generates radioactive PCB wastes at a rate greater than 5 million tons annually. Moreover, the U.S. has more than 200 million tons of uranium mill tailings in which 85% of its original radioactivity still persists.…...

mla

References

Brown, Lester R; Earth Policy Institute. Eco-Economy.

Earthscan, 2003.

Cember, Herman. Introduction to Health Physics.

McGraw-Hill Professional, 1996.

This would require the full support of government and state authorities to punish those who break the rules. For instance, officers should patrol the forests and severely fine the tourists who leave trash in the nature. Also, a radical change should come from the multinationals, which should respect stricter environment protection rules and should pay drastically when breaking these rules. The first point in this direction would be achieved once the population has an environment education and would then punish and ban the organizations which break these rules. With a damaged reputation and customers refusing to purchase their products, the corporations would have to reconsider their actions. Then, the second direction would appeal to the good will of the people and would state that the good deeds relative to the natural habitats are a social duty of each and every one of us. Therefore, if these two courses of…...

mla

References

Leonard, a., 2008, the Story of Stuff, accessed on July 10, 2008http://storyofstuff.ethicalbrand.org/,last

January 10, 2000, Impact of Solid Waste, Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Council, Ast accessed on July 10, 2008http://www.ceroi.net/reports/johannesburg/csoe/html/nonjava/Waste/solid/Impact.html.

1997-2008, Garbage - How Can My Community Reduce Waste?, the Annenberg Media

  accessed on July 10, 2008http://www.learner.org/interactives/garbage/solidwaste.htmllast 

To start this essay, we would begin by identifying ways that business could impact the environment.  Next, we would want to identify the businesses we wanted to highlight in the essay, focusing on their specific environmental impact.  We would want to select at least two businesses with different reputations for their environmental impact.  Companies that are known for having good environmental initiatives include Disney, Johnson and Johnson, Nike, eBay, Fisher Investments, Hewlett-Packard, Starbucks, and Ford Motor Company.  Companies have a bad reputation in terms of their impact on the environment include AES, PPL, ConAgra Foods, Coca Cola,....

Marina pollution is a significant problem that is only increasing as the popularity of boating and water sports increase.  Here are some PhD thesis topics about marina pollution to consider:

The impact of headwater emptying on marina pollution levels and whether the presence of readily available waste disposal stations helps reduce those pollution levels.  A secondary question to consider would be whether the fees associated with those waste stations impacts how much they are used, for example do free waste disposal stations help decrease marina pollution?

How parking lot runoff impacts marina pollution and can this impact be lessened....

Waste Management in Rural Communities: Significant Findings from Literature Reviews

Introduction:
Waste management presents unique challenges for rural communities due to factors such as low population density, limited access to infrastructure, and distance from waste disposal facilities. This review of literature examines significant findings on waste management practices and challenges in rural communities.

Findings:

Waste Composition and Generation: Rural communities typically generate lower volumes of waste compared to urban areas, but the composition can be highly variable (UNEP, 2018). Organic materials, such as agricultural waste and food scraps, predominate, followed by paper, plastics, and glass (SWANA, 2017).

Waste Collection and Disposal: In many....