.." while more than sixty percent of women in the developing world represent those employed in domestic work, street trading and other low paying jobs lacking in "security, benefits, and legal protections..." (2005) Within the informal sector of employment there exists a hierarchy and Stoparic states that employers running small informal enterprises "women are disproportionately represented in the lowest-paying categories, and even within those subcategories they earn less than men, further increasing their risk of poverty.
The work of Heyzer entitled: "When Work Just Traps People in Poverty" published in the Herald Tribune states that: "Rural women spend backbreaking hours on family plots often for no payment at all. Those in urban areas work in unregulated factories, earning pennies for products shipped to markets far away." (Heyzer, 2005) Furthermore, "In virtually all countries, women still bear the primary responsibility for taking care of children, the ill and the elderly, limiting their…...

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Bibliography

Weather, Charles (2001) Changing White-Collar Workplaces and Female Temporary Workers in Japan. Social Science Japan Journal 4:201-218 (2001)

Benjamin O. (2006)

The Shaping of Opportunity Structures: A Work History Perspective on Israeli Working Poor Women Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online Retrieved 2006-10-05 at http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p103325_index.html

Stoparic, Bojana (2005) Women's Paid Labor Keeps Door Open to Poverty. Global Policy Forum 5 Sept 2005. Online available at  http://globalpolicy.org/socecon/inequal/gender/2005/0905lucy.htm

Reality Television
Many reality television shows go from the ridiculous to the absurd, and that is an understatement. There are ample examples of mindless reality shows, including such inane shows like "Born in the ild," about couples that want to experience the birthing experience in the great outdoors. This paper zeros in on a sociological view of reality television, including using symbolic interaction theory, functionalism, and conflict theory.

Symbolic Interaction and Reality Television

Symbolic interaction (or symbolic interactionism) delves into the meaning that people "develop and rely upon in the process of social interaction" (Crossman, 2012). In other words, people tend to behave in response to their own personal, subjective interpretation of how they perceive the world around them. The events, the interactions, and the behaviors that people witness and experience as they go through a day leave a subjective impression, according to Crossman, writing in about.com. hat people believe to be true…...

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Works Cited

Coyne, Sarah M., Robinson, Simon L., and Nelson, David A. "Does Reality Backbite?

Physical, Verbal, and Relational Aggression in Reality Television Programs." Journal

of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 54.2 (2010), 282-298.

Crossman, Ashley. "Functionalist Theory." About.com. Retrieved October 2, 2015, from   2012.http://sociology.about.com .

Sociological Analysis of Hyperconnectivity
Sociology

Hyperconnectivity is a fairly new concept that it is indigenous to the 21st century. The term was coined only a few years ago by Canadian social scientists as a way to describe how people are connect via machines, networked organizations, and networked societies overall. Thus, this is a term that could have been coined now. "Hyper" is usually an adjective to describe a state of excess excitement and unruly energy; "hyper" as it exists as a prefix coming from the Greek language, means abnormal, unusual, and appearing in quantities beyond what is normal. Both definitions can be useful when considering the global culture or state of hyperconnectivity that much of the world finds itself in during the 21st century. We have mobile devices that connect to the internet wherever we are and wherever there is an internet connection. We have long since had computers and laptops with…...

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References:

Anderson, J.Q. (2012). Millennials will benefit and suffer due to their hyperconnected lives. PewResearchCenter, Web, Available from:   2013 July 10.http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media/Files/Reports/2012/PIP_Future_of_Internet_2012_Young_brains_PDF.pdf .

Eicker, G. (2012). Hyperconnectivity leading to Social Inequality? Stumble, Web, Available from:   2013 July 10.http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/1dFckC/wir-sprechen-online.com/2012/08/05/hyperconnectivity-leading-to-social-inequality/ .

Lanir, L. (2012). The Digital Millennial: Will Hyperconnectivity Affect Teens and Young Adults Cognitively? Decoded Science, Web Available from:   2013 July 10.http://www.decodedscience.com/the-digital-millennial-will-hyperconnectivity-affect-teens-and-young-adults-cognitively/11210 .

Rainie, L., & Anderson, J. (2008). Hyperconnectivity will Create Unrealistic Work Expectations and Stress, and Intrude on Lives. PewInternet, Web, Available from:   2013 July 10.http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/The-Future-of-the-Internet-III/11-Scenario-8-The-Evolving-Concept-of-Time-for-Work-Leisure/4-Hyperconnectivity-Will-Create-Unrealistic-Work-Expectations-and-Stress-and-Intrude-on-Lives.aspx .

Sociological Theories
Functionalism is usually defined as viewing society from the aspect of its different parts, and how those parts relate to each other and society as a whole. Many functionalists liken society to a biological form, such as the human body, with its different organs all working in conjunction to keep the body as a whole functioning. Each of the elements of the body has a "function- to maintain the whole, so ensuring the stability or order of the system." (Bissell, 2005, p.41) But while each element has a manifest function, or the function that is expected from it, there are also unexpected functions called latent functions.

On the other hand, Conflict Theory states that the different parts of a society are in a state of conflict over the limited resources available to society. While Functionalism stresses the unity between the different groups, "conflict theory emphasizes strife and friction" between groups.…...

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References

Anderson, Margaret, Howard Francis Taylor. (2008). Sociology: Understanding a Diverse Society. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth. Print.

Bissell, Paul, Janine Morgall Traulsen. (2005). Sociology and Pharmacy Practice. London: Pharmaceutical Press. Print.

Ritzer, George. (1992). Sociological Theory. New York: McGraw Hill. Print.

Sifferlin, Alexandra. (9 Dec. 2013). "Sandy Hook Families Seek Privacy On Anniversary

Sociological theories have helped widen people's scope on social behaviors and societies. In fact, the study of sociological theories makes one develop a comprehensive understanding of sociology's past, present and future. There are a number of sociological theories namely: symbolic interaction theory, conflict theory, functionalist theory, feminist theory, critical theory, labeling theory, social learning theory, and structural strain theory among others (Giddens, 1997).
Government, religion, education, economics and family are some of the five major social institutions that have been there for quite some time. This term paper seeks to evaluate the impacts of functionalism, conflict, and interaction theories on the family institution. The paper will address how each of the theories apply to the family as a social institution; the similarities and differences that exist; how each theory affects the views of an individual who is a member of the family unit; how each of the theories affect approach to…...

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References List

Giddens, A. (1997). Sociology. Cambridge: Polity.

McLennan, G, Allanah, R., & Spoonley, P. (2000). Exploring society: Sociology

for New Zealand students. Auckland: Pearson.

Stephens, P., & Leach, A. (1998). Think Sociology. New York: Nelson Thornes.

Sociological Issue for Specific Neighborhood
Single Parent Sociological Issues in San Leandro

San Leandro is a small city located in Alameda County. It is one of the major cities in the state of California and has the largest number of white residents as compared to other cities in the state. Despite having a majority of white people, San Leandro has a multi-racial culture attached to it. According the 2010 census, the city has a population of around eighty four thousand nine hundred and fifty, which consists of over 25,000 Asians, 642 Pacific Islanders, 23,237 Latinos and about 16,050 people of other races. One of the sociological issues in the city is increasing number of single female householders who have children, otherwise known as single parents. My literature review will shed light on this issue by highlighting what issues are faced by single parents. We will also take a look at statistics from…...

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Bibliography

Ermisch, J. (1990). Demographic Aspects of The Growing Number of Lone-Parent Families. In Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Lone-Parent Challenges: The Economic Challenge.

Mather, M. (May 2010). U.S. Children in Single Mother Families. 1-3.

Roshan "Bob" D., & . K. (1993). Female-Headed Single Parent Families: an Exploratory Study of Children's Influence in Family Decision Making. Retrieved October 25, 2013, from Association for Consumer Research:  http://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=7493

The DHS is consistent with the larger social trend on a global scale concerning institutional security measures insofar as Risley (2006) reports that "the securitization of an ever-expanding number of realms is a distinguishing feature of the contemporary political landscape." (1) This is to argue that in addition to the events such as 9/11 which can be seen as a clear catalyst to the changes in structure which have been underway since the end of 2001, there is also something of a broader sociological pattern which is reflected in the merger undertaken in the national security sector. The diminishing lines between commerce, governance and military engagement are perhaps best reflected in this parallel between the security community and the corporate world. The sociological implications are therefore rather significant in coming to understand why certain changes have been sought and in producing reasonable expectations as to what these changes may produce.…...

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Works Cited:

Ball, H. (2005). U.S. Homeland Security. ABC-CLIO.

LeClerc, P. (2006). Review: The New Politics of Surveillance and Visibility. Canadian Journal of Sociology Online.

Noakes, J.A. (2000). Official Frames in Social Movement Theory: The FBI, HUAC, and the Communist Threat Hollywood. The Sociological Quarterly, 41(4), 657-680.

Risley, S.H. (2006). The Sociology of Security: Sociological Approaches to Contemporary and Historical Securitization. Annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online at http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p105192_index.html

esearch Caveat - esearch surrounding undocumented workers can often be problematic and unreliable. Primarily this is due to the nature of the subject matter -- individual on both sides of the issue are unwilling to talk because of the volaltility of the subject, language barriers, legal issues, access issues, fear of anything that even remotely feels governmental, and the validity of responses. Briefly, we can view these issues and the mitigating circumstances:

Language barriers -- Any viable research study will need to be dual language based; therefore it must be translated into the appropriate lanage and level (typically Spanish), with an emphasis on clarity, removal of hidden meanings or linguistic variations. In addition, the person or persons administering any research questionnaire would likewise need to be bilingual.

Mistrust -- Undocumented workers are often reluctant to particpate in any project that has a written component; they are mistrustful of the system, fearful of…...

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REFERENCES

Effects of Immigration on Natives' Earnings. (1995, December 11). Retrieved from Immigration - the Demographic and Economic Facts:  http://www.cato.org/pubs/policy_report/pr-immig.html#contents 

Difficult Moral Questions Surounding Undocumented Workers. (2006, March). Retrieved January 2011, from twotj.org:  http://www.twotlj.org/G-3-171.html 

U.S. Immigration Debate. (2007, June 28). Retrieved from BBCNews.com:  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4850634.stm 

Immigration Act of 1924. (2009, December). Retrieved from United States History.com:  http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1398.html

The criminal justice system, according to Karl Marx, is thought to work for the rich while the resulting policies are more concerned with controlling the poor. Seigel and Welsh state that, "conflict theorists observe that while spending has been cut on social programs during the past few years, spending on the prison systems has skyrocketed." This leads to the conclusion that when there is a disparity between police and public and the rich and the poor, the conflict creates or influences antisocial or deviant behavior ( ).
The Secure Communities program exists in certain states and is a Department of Homeland Security initiative, which aims to identify and remove criminal aliens. Law enforcement officials in certain states will fingerprint every person booked into jail and those fingerprints will be run through Homeland Security's national database to check for illegal immigrant status. Morton believes the program could transform the face of…...

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References

Reavy, Pat. (2010) "Program aids to better identify illegal immigrants." Deseret News.

Retrieved on May 20, 2010, from the Website:

 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20100401/ai_n53004413/?tag=rel .

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Sociological Explanation of Sexual Initiation and Negotiation
Part of the desire to initiate and negotiate sex stems from the sociological desire to couple or be partnered with another human being. Many people grow up with fantasies and notions of finding Mr. Of Mrs. ight, hoping that at some point in their life they will fall into love and have "an affair of the heart" (Michael, et. al, 1994: 67). The reality of existence however is that most meetings that result in long-term relationships can be mundane. Choice of long-term partners and sexual partners can sometimes differ. In general however, most people seek out people that they think are similar in nature and personality to themselves, even without having intimate knowledge of the social context in which the potential partner lives and exists (Michael, et. al, 1994: 69).

The initiation and negotiation of sex often stems from familiarity. Most people fantasize about wild…...

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REFERENCES

Clements-Schreiber, M.E., Rempel, J.K., and Desmarais, S. (1998). "Women's Sexual Pressure Tactics and Adherence to Related Attitudes: A Step Toward Prediction." Journal of Sex Research, 35, 2, 197-205

Holland, J., Ramazanoglu, C. & Thomson, R. (1996). "In the Same Boat? The Gendered (in) Experience of First Heterosex." Richardson, D. (ed) Theorizing Heterosexuality: Open University Press, Buckingham.

Michael, R.T., Gagnon, J.H., Laumann, E.D. & Kolata, G. (1994). Sex in America: A Definitive Survey. Little, Brown & Co.: Boston, Chapter 4

O'Sullivan, L.F., & Allgeier, E.R. (1998). "Feigning Sexual Desire: Consenting to Unwanted Sexual Activity in Heterosexual Dating Relationships." Journal of Sex Research, 35, 3, 234-243

Sociological and Therapeutic Implications of the Brain Disease
Inspiration for professionals who authored the account on chronic brain illnesses came from findings on drugs' impacts on the human brain. The assurance that strong anti-addiction medicines can be found appeared great. The budding scientific branch, addiction biology, implies that addiction --a condition which starts off with the clear, intentional decision to have a go at drugs, spiraling quickly down to an irrepressible, involuntary state --would now be considered seriously, and forever, as an ailment. Using this knowledge, authors hoped to sensitize lawmakers as well as the society to drug-addicts' needs, including improved coverage of private insurance and public treatment access. The agenda also included moderating of puritanical outlooks and smoothing of penal law enforcement. The neuro-centric approach supports unjustified optimism with regard to pharmaceutical treatments, overrating the requirement of professional aid. Conditions characteristically remitted in young adulthood are branded as "chronic." The…...

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References

Clark, M. (2011).Conceptualizing addiction: How useful is the construct. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science, 1(13), 55-64.

Deviance and Addiction. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2015, from  http://alcoholrehab.com/addiction-articles/deviance-and-addiction/ 

GOODE, E. (2011, March 19). THE SOCIOLOGY OF DRUG USE. Retrieved November 17, 2015, from  https://edge.sagepub.com/system/files/Ballantine5e_6.2SK_0.pdf 

May, C. (2001).Pathology, Identity and the Social Construction of Alcohol Dependence Sociology 35, 385-40.

Many different views abound on the origins of modern capitalism, causalities that range from economic to political, from religious to cultural, or for some, an amalgamation of societies need to expand and the resources necessary to fuel that expansion. Max Weber's the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is a study of the relationship between the ethics of ascetic Protestantism and the emergence of the spirit of modern capitalism. An ascetic Protestant is one who practices self-denial and self-discipline. Weber argues that the religious ideas of groups such as the Calvinists played a role in creating the capitalistic spirit. Calvinism focused on predestination and God's infinite power, a hierarchical system that transcended religion and moved into economic and social activities.

This is true not only in cases where the difference in religion coincides with one of nationality, and thus of cultural development . . . . The same thing is…...

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REFERENCES

Durkheim, E. (1997). The Division of Labor in Society. New York: Free Press.

____. (2008). The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. New York: Oxford University

Press.

Grusky, D., ed. (2000). Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological

In fact, the cohabitation option serves a valuable function for many couples, especially where living together allows them to discover possible problem areas in their relationship that would have made marriage a bad idea. If anything, that is preferable to the traditional situation where couples really only begin learning about one another after making the lifelong commitment to a marriage. Finally, Congressman McDonald's point about childbirth out of wedlock ignores the tremendous advantages to children born in stable marriages and suggests that high rates of unwanted pregnancies among unmarried couples somehow negates the benefits of planned pregnancies within marriage.
The Functionalist Perspective Applied to Marriage:

In some respects, there are valid criticisms that justify reevaluating certain aspects of modern marriage, including the unfairness of child custody decisions that favor mothers and financial settlements that obligate married partners who supported the marriage financially to share more of what they earned than might…...

Despite having diverted to the employment sector for ten years to make ends meet, I am still determined to be what I had intended to be in the initial times and the high level if determination points to my inward motivation. I am also independent in that I make sound decisions on my own, I decided to let go of my "career" initially to pursue employment and now I have decided to further my career. If it were not for enthusiasm, I could have already let go of my dream to be a nurse which I still hold on to dearly. Self-confidence is played out in the fact that I never allowed the unpleasant interaction between sexuality and gambling waste my life ahead. The job of being at a casino, especially for that long, requires someone who is extremely outgoing and sociable.
Bearing the fact that I wanted to have…...

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References

Discus, (2013). Personality Types. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://www.axiomsoftware.com/disc/personality-types.php 

Sociology Guide, (2011). The Meaning of Personality. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://www.sociologyguide.com/personality/meaning-of-personality.php

Depression Theories
Various Theories on Depression, and Respective Treatments

Depression is a complex mood disorder that is characterized by various emotions, including sadness, self-blame, absence of pleasure and an overall sense of worthlessness, and by physical responses relating to sleep, appetite and motor symptoms. According to statistics, one in four adults will suffer from a depressive episode at some point in life. With a quarter of the population affected by depression, it is no wonder that one sees so many advertisements both on television and on billboards relating to the disorder. It is also understandable that many intellectual fields of study would give an opinion on what depression truly means and how it can be treated. This paper will thus examine psychological, sociological, cultural and biological theories on depression and will describe various treatments that take into account expertise from these various areas of study to better understand this complex phenomenon. [1:…...

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Lastly, with respect to biological theory-based treatments, scientific research is vital. A study conducted in 2010 states that the finding of "various structural and chemical abnormalities in the brain through neuroimaging" has been the foundation in depression research in the last year. This study further states that the research combines various brain areas to arise specific symptoms, and that the new data could contribute to further understanding and treating depression. Specific treatments are not given as part of this study, but "biological" treatments will usually include medication, such as anti-depressants. [20: Papageorgiou, G. (2010). Biological theory of depression in the light of new evidence. Retrieved April 11, 2011, from   ]http://www.annals-general-psychiatry.com/content/9/S1/S47 .

Conclusion

This paper has discussed various theories of depression and has expanded upon treatments that take into account these theories. Some treatments have been proven effective, and others have been illustrated simply as examples or as evidence of much needed field research. Depression has been shown to be a complex illness explained by various intelligent minds in different ways, yet in order to treat this disorder, one must take into account all this knowledge, and hope that advances in scientific research, such as that illustrated above, will provide for better treatments and, finally, more effective relief from depressive symptoms.

Thesis Statements for Essays on Divorce

Personal Experiences and Perspectives

The impact of divorce on the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals
Navigating the legal and financial complexities of divorce
The role of social support and coping mechanisms in the aftermath of divorce
The long-term consequences of divorce for children and families
The challenges and rewards of finding love and happiness after divorce

Social and Cultural Influences

The changing societal attitudes towards divorce over time
The influence of religious beliefs, cultural norms, and economic factors on divorce rates
The role of gender, race, and class in shaping the experience of divorce
The....

In today’s digital age, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, allowing us to connect with others around the globe. While this can be a positive thing, it has also opened the door for online trolls who seek to provoke and disrupt conversations for their own amusement. These individuals hide behind the anonymity of their screens, spreading negativity and causing harm to others. Understanding the psychological and sociological aspects of trolling is crucial in addressing this issue, especially among vulnerable populations such as adolescents. Amanda Todd's tragic story serves as a reminder of the consequences of....