("Canada Social Security and Welfare," 2012) (Aaron, 1999) (Livingston, 2007)
This is different from Social Security as these areas are not covered. Any kind of assistance for health care would fall under other programs (i.e. Medicare and Medicaid). However, these are only designed to protect those individuals who meet the age and income requirements. To provide assistance for low income families, this would fall under the WIC program (which is used in conjunction with the states). ("Canada Social Security and Welfare," 2012) (Aaron, 1999) (Livingston, 2007)
Moreover, someone who is disabled (in Canada) is eligible to receive long-term care assistance and additional income. Anyone who is laid off and facing financial challenges are provided with a monthly income. Also, there is additional help offered, to someone over the age of 65 years old (who needs extra monthly income). These different programs are paid for from the tax revenues that are received…...
mlaReferences
Canada Social Security and Welfare. (2012). Expat Focus. Retrieved from: http://www.expatfocus.com/expatriate-canada-social-security
Aaron, H. (1999). Should the United States Privatize Social Security. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Livingston, S. (2007). United States Social Security. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO
Williams, R. (2011). Health Care Disparities. New York, NY: Springer.
Social security is financed with the idea that those people currently working, along with their employers, can donate enough money to pay the benefits to those currently getting them: not only retired people but some people with disabilities, and some widows with young children. When Social Security first began, this system worked well. The problem facing Social security is that the numbers of retirees are going to increase at the same time the numbers of workers will decrease. When Social Security began, there were five workers for every one person receiving benefits. Current projections, however, suggest that by 2030 that ratio will be three to one. y 2080, it is expected to shrink to two to one (Reynolds, PAGE). This system, called "Pay as You Go," will eventually be unable to provide all the funds needed to make payouts to individuals, and will essentially be bankrupt.
Several solutions have been proposed.…...
mlaBIBLIOGRAPHY
O'Neil, John. "Risky: Privatizing Social Security An Unwarranted Gamble." NEA Today, Sept. 2004.
Reynolds, Alan. "Myths about social security: and the dispelling truth." National Review. March 14, 2005.
Social Security Crisis
While the United States does not provide a pension and health care for all its citizens as some countries do, we do have a program designed to make sure that all our older retired workers have some money on which to live. Called Social Security, it also provides money to people who are so disabled before retirement age that they cannot work, and (depending on the age of the children), widows and mothers of covered workers who die before the children are grown (Toner, PAGE). One factor in American history that contributed to the establishment of Social Security was the Great Depression of the 1930's, which wiped out many people's savings and left them in severe economic distress.
PROLEM
While the great majority of Americans are in favor of Social Security, it no longer works well as it was first organized. The problem stems from shifts in population. Right now…...
mlaBIBLIOGRAPHY
O'Donnell, Charles F., and Strittmatter, Robert. Social Security Trust Funds and the Federal Budget." The CPA Journal, Vol. 70, 2000.
O'Neil, John. "Risky: Privatizing Social Security An Unwarranted Gamble." NEA Today, Sept. 2004.
Reynolds, Alan. "Myths about social security: and the dispelling truth." National Review. March 14, 2005.
Toner, Robin. "Social insecurity: Social Security is much more than the retirement program people think it is." New York Times Upfront. March 28, 2005.
Social Security
Since its inception, the Social Security system has provided benefits to augment the income of people upon their retirement. However, current projections point to a crisis in Social Security. Experts believe that by 2038, the Social Security trust fund will have been depleted (illiamson).
This paper presents an overview of the current social security crisis and evaluates the plans to address this problem. The first part of the paper provides a history of the Social Security system, from its inception in 1935 to its current status under the federal government.
The next part then studies how the Social Security system is funded. In the final part, the paper studies the problems facing many retirees who stand to be adversely affected by the Social Security deficit. It looks at the pitfalls of privatization and other methods now being used to address the problem, such as proposed tax credits, simplifying the tax process…...
mlaWorks Cited
Leone, Richard C. "The risky business of retirement." The American Prospect, 14(5): May 2003. ProQuest Database.
Schieber, S.J., and J.B. Shoven. The real deal: The history and future of social security. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999.
Ungar, Alan B. "Viewpoint: Social Security: It has to be our issue!" Journal of Financial Planning, 16(2): February 2003. ProQuest Database.
What's Wrong with Individual Investment Accounts?" Political Issues. AFL-CIO Website. March 2003. Retrieved May 10, 2003 at http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/socialsecurity/ssbasics/inv_acct.cfm
Social Security Today
The History of Social Security: What it is and How it Works
The Social Security system was established in 1935 by President Roosevelt in order to provide some form of economic security to the elderly. The first world war and the following world wide economic depression had left many elderly people without a support system. This insecurity, along with the general economic turmoil of the era, led to many radical movements calling for state-sponsored pensions and aid for the helpless. One of the most popular programs, which almost replaced the Social Security program, called for a national sales tax to provide pensions. (DeWitt) However, the program finally put in place functioned instead by creating a flat tax on worker income, which created "credits" that would later give that worker benefits comparable to his income. Social security did not actually address the needs of those who were already elderly at…...
mlaBibliography
Bartlett, Bruce. " Social Security Problems Accelerating" Idea House, 1997. http://www.ncpa.org/~ncpa/oped/bartlett/dec397.html
Daly, Marc. "Understanding the Social Security Debate" FRBSF Economic Letter 99-20; June 25, 1999. http://www.frbsf.org/econrsrch/wklyltr/wklyltr99/el99-20.html#subhead4
DeWitt, Larry. "Brief History" SSA Historian's Office. http://www.ssa.gov/history/briefhistory3.html
Dreyfuss, Robert. "The end of Social Security as we know it?" Mother Jones (Online), 1996. http://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/1996/11/dreyfuss.html
Slow the growth of traditional Social Security benefits for middle- and upper-class Americans. The benefits of the wealthiest Americans (those who earn more than $100,000 a year) would grow "only" at the rate of inflation.
In this way nobody would suffer a true cut -- even the richest Social Security recipients would be guaranteed at least the same, inflation-adjusted level of benefits today's retirees receive. Meanwhile, because benefits for the poorest Americans would remain tied to wages, we'd ensure that they receive proportionally higher benefits in years to come (Feulner).
Personal Retirement Accounts (PRAs) would let all workers invest a portion of their payroll taxes into personal accounts they would own and control. They would be similar to an IRA, except workers would be investing their own tax money, and they would have only a handful of safe bond and mutual funds to invest in. At retirement, a worker could convert…...
mlaBibliography
Feulner, E. "Solutions for Social Security." 2005. The Heritage Foundation. 9 May 2009 .
Geneology Today. Social Security History. n.d. 9 May 2009 .
Paine, Thomas. Quotes About Social Security. 15 February 2008. 9 May 2009 .
Tanner, Michael. "Social Security Problems Have Not Gone Away." March 2008. Cato Institute. 9 May 2009 .
In 1940, an amendment to the BNA was passed, followed by the first institution of unemployment insurance in Canada. The Marsh eport offered a comprehensive social security plan for Canada that included old age pensions paid for by employment taxes, as well as a public health plan. The Canadian Social Security system continued to grow, subject to the political whims of the time, until the 1970s. After this time, reforms were called for, as the system was growing too expensive (the Canadian Encyclopedia).
Both the Canadian Social Security system and the United States Social Security system currently face the problem of rising costs and increased spending. According to United North America, the United States publicly spends 1.8% more than Canada on Social Security and related programs than Canada, with Social Security comprising 6% of the U.S. budget as compared to 4.2% of the Canadian budget (United North America). Does this…...
mlaReferences
"Canadian Pension Plan and Old Age Security." Human Resources and Skills Development, Canada.
Retrieved from: 4/1/2012.http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/oas-cpp/index.shtml .
"Comparisons between Canada and the United States of America." Chart. Retrieved from:
Social Security
There are huge differences between Social Security and privatization. As this paper will discuss, Social Security is more than just an investment strategy. It is a guarantee to all citizens that they won't be subjected to the dire economic consequences resulting from inadequate income to save for retirement, failed investment strategies, and untimely death or a disability. These reasons require that Social Security remain in tact to protect Americans who have worked their entire lives from poverty.
Social Security guarantees working and retired Americans and their families economic stability that helps to keep them out of poverty; privatization does not. This is because Social Security shares risk across the entire workforce to ensure that all workers and their families are protected from old age, disability, and death. Privatizing Social Security retirement benefits would enable high-wage workers to reap gains from private retirement investment without having to help protect lower-wage workers…...
mlaDeGette, Diana. "Honesty Needed in Social Security Debate." 6 Feb. 2005. Available: (Accessed 15 May 2005).http://www.house.gov/apps/list/speech/co01_degette/050206.html
Kretzmann, John and McKnight, John. "Building Communities from the Inside Out: A Path Toward Finding and Mobilizing a Community's Assets." Chicago, IL: ACTA Publications, 1993. Available: (Accessed 15 May 2005).http://www.northwestern.edu/ipr/publications/community/introd-building.html
Coalition on Human Needs Report: "Social Security: A Human Needs Issue 1/14/05." Available: (Accessed 15 May 2005).http://www.chn.org/dia/organizations/chn/humanneeds/050114b.html
Increase payroll taxes.
This is seen to increase the cash-flows in the Social Security thus can lessen the cash needs of the organization to meet its services to its program members.
Increase the Limit on Taxable Earnings
Increasing the limit on taxable earnings could similarly increase payroll taxes that in turn will increase inbound cash flows in Social Security.
Increase Taxation of the Benefits
Again, this means that an increase in tax paid by the workers could increase the inbound cash-flows in Social Security, thus providing them with an increased cash sources.
aise the etirement Age.
aising the retirement age would mean providing the Social Security with more period to use and grow its finances.
Change Investment Procedures
The way that the Social Security invests its finances may have flaws. Thus, changing and improving its investment procedures may provide better revenues.
Will the Proposed Changes Work?
Some of the proposed changes may work and some may not. Those that concerns an…...
mlaReferences
John, David. How Today's Social Security Works. 2005. http://www.heritage.org/Research/SocialSecurity/bg1827.cfm
The Social Security Program in the U.S.A. - How it Works. 2005. http://www.seniorjournal.com/NEWS/SocialSecurity/5-05-09HowSocialSecurityWorks.htm
Social Security Issues.
National Center for Policy Analysis. http://www.ncpa.org/pi/congress/socsec/socsec19jj.html
Social Security and Healthcare
In the United States, Social Security, along with private pensions and personal savings, form the traditional "three legged stool" of economic security for elderly and retired Americans. Already, many problems are emerging both the inadequacies of this system to provide for a person's needs. Similarly, there are also problems regarding the infusion of and generating funds for Social Security.
In the recent years, a fourth component has emerged as a necessary factor to human well being - health coverage. The growing need for health coverage not just among retired people but across the board as well are further taxing an already overburdened social insurance system.
This paper focuses on the problems of the current social insurance system with regards to providing comprehensive healthcare for all Americans.
It examines the need to incorporate healthcare not just for retired persons, but also for poor families whose needs may be as great. It…...
mlaWorks Cited
Graetz, Michael J. And Jerry L. Mashaw. (1999). True Security: Rethinking American Social Insurance. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Japsen, Bruce (2002). "Uninsured Americans on the rise; 14.6% lacking health coverage, U.S. report finds." Chicago Tribune. Sept. 30, 2002: 1.
Kennedy, Edward M. (1990). "The Health Care Crisis: A Report to the American People." excerpted in Health Care and Human Values: Ideas in conflict. Gary E. McCuen, ed. Wisconsin: GEM Publications (1993).
Schieber, Sylvester K. And John B. Shoven (1999). The Real Deal: The History and Future of Social Security. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Social Security System
How does one earn a living wage during economic hardship? Certainly, earning a living wage is the mainstay of a decent standard of living for most working age Americans and their families. However, Social Security, the nation's largest family protection program, is in much need of improvement. "America's most popular and successful social program, Social Security provides a steady, reliable income for 45 million elderly and disabled workers of all races and income levels, as well as for many of their dependents and those of deceased workers"(Hendley and ilimoria). efore Social Security was enacted, organized business and Republicans bitterly opposed it. For example, Congressman John Taber (R-NY) said, "Never before in the history of the world has any measure been brought in here so insidiously designed as to prevent business recovery, enslave workers and to prevent any possibility of employers providing work for the people" (Hendley and ilimoria).…...
mlaBibliographyTanner, Michael. "A Social Security Crisis Exists," An Aging Population Opposing Viewpoints174, Laura Egendorf, Ed. Greenhaven Press, 2002.Alexa A. Hendley and Natasha Bilimoria, "Minorities and Social Security: An Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Current Program," Social Security Bulletin 62, 2 (1999): 59-64.Aaron, Henry J. And Robert D. Reischauer. Countdown to Reform: The Great Social Security Debate. New York: Century Foundation Press, 2001.
Samuelson, Robert. "The Aging May Need to Continue to Work" An Aging Population. Opposing Viewpoints Laura Egendorf, Ed.174 Greenhaven Press, 2002.Minkler, Meredith. "The Aging Population Is Not Hurting the Economy" An Aging Population. Opposing Viewpoints Laura Egendorf, Ed.174, Greenhaven Press, 2002.
Social Security Administration (SSA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States charged with administering the Social Security. The Social Security is a social insurance program that consists of retirement, disability, and survivors benefits. For a person to qualify for the program benefits, they must remit Social Security taxes. The employees' contributions determine all benefits. The SSA was established in August 14, 1935 as the Social Security Board. SSB was renamed to SSA in July 16, 1946. SSA was an independent agency when it was established, but in 1939, it became a sub-cabinet agency. It remained in this status until 1995 when it regained its independent status. The current commissioner for the SSA is Carolyn W. Colvin (Acting) who succeeded Michael J. Astrue. She was sworn in on February 14, 2013. Social Security is considered the largest social welfare program that constitutes of 37% of the United…...
mlaReferences
Bakija, Jon, Adam Cole, and Bradley T. Heim. "Jobs and Income Growth of Top Earners and the Causes of Changing Income Inequality: Evidence from Us Tax Return Data." Williamstown: Williams College (2010). Print.
Behaghel, Luc, and David M. Blau. "Framing Social Security Reform: Behavioral Responses to Changes in the Full Retirement Age." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4.4 (2012): 41-67. Print.
Evans, Richard W, Jeremy Perdue, and Kerk L. Phillips. "When Will the Social Security Trust Fund Run Out? Linearization About the Current State." (2012). Print.
I think that Social Security will still be here for me, though, because I don't see how the President and the Congress could let something that is so necessary for so many people just disappear. I believe that this is part of the reason that President Bush wants to change Social Security so that people can invest part of that money into other things. Doing this would take some of the Social Security burden off of the government and still let people have enough money to survive on when they retire. Even though Social Security doesn't always pay a lot to these older people, for some of them it is all that they have. While I think Social Security, at least in some form, will still be here for me, I also think that I might want to look into how I can save money and invest money in…...
Social Security can be an effective tool in public personnel administration and can benefit common American a great deal if used effectively. Therefore it is imperative to look into the future prospects of the programs and remove loopholes and bottlenecks in its future implementation.
Future
Under the Social Security plan government is collecting more money today then it is paying out as benefits to citizens. The surplus money remains safe in trust fund. However, the future situation seems troublesome due to various issues and reasons. "Social Security gradually expanded from its inception through the early 1980s by increasing benefits and coverage for various groups. To pay for those modifications, payroll tax rates and the maximum earnings ceiling have been steadily raised. Now the Social Security trust funds are in long-term financial imbalance, and benefit cuts and more payroll tax rate increases seem inevitable if Americans are to retain the important social…...
mlaReferences
Blahous III, Charles P (2000). Reforming Social Security for Ourselves and Our Posterity. Westport, CT.: Praeger Publishers.
Tanner, Michael D. (2004). Social Security and Its Discontents: Perspectives on Choice.. Washington, DC: Cato Institute.
Social Security (United States). Retrieved November 5, 2006, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Web site: ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Security_ (United_States)
Social Security
Company Network Security Policy
This paper is intended to address the importance of having a written and enforceable Computer Network Security Policy for The Financial Group, an accounting corporation. The company's accounting systems comprise three major elements: a eb-based front-end server, a back-end database, and business-logic applications. OS-level console access is used for system administration. Accountants access the system with eb browsers using HTTP only and are authenticated via the HTTP basic authentication mechanism.
Network Security Policy Components
Network security is the most critical element of The Financial Group's IT security program. This security policy identifies the rules and procedures that all persons accessing computer resources must adhere to in order to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and resources.
Security Definition: This security policy is intended to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and resources through the use of effective and established IT security processes and procedures.
Enforcement: The…...
mlaWorks Cited
Erlanger, Leon. "Defensive Strategies." PC Magazine 5 November 2002.
Frye, Emily. "The tragedy of the cybercommons: Overcoming fundamental vulnerabilities to critical infrastructures in a networked world." The Business Lawyer November 2002: 349-382.
Goncalves, Marcus and Brown, Steven. Check Point Firewall 1:Administration Guide 2000. Emeryville: McGraw-Hill Osborne Media, 1999.
Greenberg, Eric. Network Application Frameworks, Boston: Addison Wesley Longman, 1998
Addressing the Root Causes of Poverty and Homelessness: A Multifaceted Approach
Poverty and homelessness are complex societal issues with deep-seated root causes that require a multifaceted approach to address effectively. By addressing the underlying factors that contribute to these problems, society can create lasting change and empower individuals to break the cycle of poverty and homelessness.
1. Affordable Housing:
One of the primary causes of homelessness is the lack of affordable housing. Governments and nonprofits need to invest in the construction and maintenance of affordable housing units to provide stable shelter for those who cannot afford market-rate housing. Additionally, rent control measures can....
1. Increase the retirement age: One way to ensure the long-term sustainability of Social Security is to gradually increase the retirement age. This would allow the program to support a growing number of retirees without placing undue strain on the system.
2. Increase payroll taxes: Another option is to gradually increase payroll taxes to ensure that Social Security has enough funds to support future generations of retirees. This could involve increasing the rate of the payroll tax or increasing the income cap on which the tax is levied.
3. Reduce benefits for higher-income individuals: One way to ensure the long-term sustainability of....
Social Security: Securing its Longevity for Future Generations
Social Security, established in 1935, is a linchpin of America's social safety net, safeguarding the financial well-being of millions of retirees, survivors, and the disabled. As the population ages and traditional sources of funding diminish, ensuring its long-term sustainability has become a paramount concern. Here are several measures to address this challenge:
1. Gradual Increase in Retirement Age:
One step toward sustainability is gradually raising the full retirement age. Currently set at 67 for individuals born after 1960, it could be incrementally increased to 68 or even 69 over time. This would extend the period....
Key Findings on Strategic HR Practices in Indian Gig Economy
1. Adoption of Flexible Work Arrangements:
Gig workers in India highly value flexibility and autonomy in their work arrangements. Strategic HR practices prioritize implementing flexible scheduling, remote work options, and performance evaluation based on output rather than hours worked. (Bhatnagar, 2021)
2. Skill Development and Training:
With the rapidly evolving nature of gig work, HR teams recognize the importance of providing continuous skill development opportunities. Programs focus on upskilling and reskilling gig workers to prepare them for emerging job roles and enhance their employability. (Mehta & Sivakumar, 2021)
3. Employee Engagement and Motivation:
Despite the transient....
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