Another important theorist and historian was Eric Hobsbawm, who was well-known and respected for his work on the history of British labor movement. These and other theorists, particularly those who dealt with the history of the labor movement in the country, provided the groundwork and the historical insight that was to lead to the later more widespread acceptance of multiculturalism and social history
In Britain therefore the Marxist historians and theorists provided an important part of the foundational structure of modern multicultural history. The importance of Marxism for social history is relatively easy to discern. Marxism is essentially an analysis and a critique of the structure of the ruling capitalist elite and privileged classes and this theoretical stance emphasizes the historical reality of the ordinary individual and worker in society. This can be seen in the title of Friedrich Engels' work, the Condition of the orking Class in England (1845)

Historians…...

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Works Cited

Brecher J. History From Below: How to Uncover and Tell the Story of Your

Community, Association, or Union. 3 June 2007. www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105489798http://www.stonesoup.coop/historybelow/historybelow.htm

Gaskill, Malcolm. Crime and Mentalities in Early Modern England. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Questia. 3 June 2007  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105489801 .

Harrison R. History from below: approaches to the study of social history.

Social History in Perspective: Family and Household in Medieval England, by Peter Fleming. Specifically, it will examine several questions regarding the book and its author. Peter Fleming's book deals mainly with the laws surrounding medieval families, and how they affected so many parts of family life. Less attention to the law, and more attention to the actual activities of the family might have made it a more interesting read.
FAMILY AND HOUSEHOLD IN MEDIEVAL ENGLAND

Peter Fleming's book "Family and Household in Medieval England" is a historical text on the social history of medieval England, as the title suggests. The author concerns himself mostly with the history of family life and how it developed legally and socially. He follows the typical family through a natural order of events, from marriage, to childbirth through the end of the family unit due to death or disillusion of the unit by divorce, but always…...

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Works Cited

Fleming, Peter. (2001). Social history in perspective: Family and household in medieval England. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

The Nika riots, based on antipathy between Blue and Green racing teams resulted in 30,000 deaths ("The Nika iot," 1997). In the 1980s fans were so violent that some English teams were banned from European competition. In high-stakes European soccer matches local governments regularly warn that violence could cause forfeiture of the game. Still, there remain a number of violent events from fans resulting in property damage, physical injury, and even death. Some see a similarity between modern fan violence and Gladiatorial attitudes (Nosotro, 2000).
Off-Field Violence -- Off-Field violence may occur prior to, or after, a sporting event, but is directly tied to that event. It may occur in a bar, parking lot, or any public gathering spot. What tends to characterize this for sociologists is that it, too, may be tied in with fervent nationalism, alcohol consumption, or simply letting the idea of a fan's preference get out…...

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REFERENCES

Ashby, L. (2004). With Amusement for All: A History of American Popular Culture Since

1830. Nashville, TN: University Press of Kentucky.

Ateyo, D. (1979). Blood and Guts. New York: Paddington Press.

Berger A., (2002). "Mediatribes -- Making Sense of Popular Culture in America," ETC: A

hite Bread: A Social History of the Store-Bought Loaf, Aaron Bobrow-Stain writes, "few foods have embodied so many dreams as industrial white bread, particularly during times of recession, war, and social upheaval," as white bread (ix). Few foods indeed are as controversial and culturally relevant. The term "white bread" has become a largely derogatory one, referring to something neutered, sterile, and painfully mainstream. Yet the symbolism white bread is even deeper than that relatively innocuous meaning. hite bread evokes racism, classism, and xenophobia, as Bobrow-Stain points out. The "whiteness" of the bread parallels the dominant culture and its presumed purity. hite bread is presumed to be the stuff of the masses, and remains closely linked to "trailer trash." No self-respecting urbanite eats white bread, except perhaps for the ironic Instagram shot. A deep-rooted mistrust of white bread, specifically its pre-sliced plastic wrapped incarnation, has embedded itself as deeply in the…...

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Works Cited

Adler, Tamar. "Against the Grain." The New York Times. 29 June 2012.

Bobrow-Stain, Aaron. White Bread: A Social History of the Store-Bought Loaf.

Copeland, Libby. "White Bread Kills." Slate. 6 April 2012. Retrieved online:  http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2012/04/a_review_of_white_bread_a_new_book_about_our_nation_s_fear_of_flour_.html 

Van Slooten, Sue. "Book Review: White Bread: A Social History of the Store-Bought Loaf." Mother Earth News. 24 Aug, 2012.

Eventually, the powerful families that had supported the Mongols and with them their religion of Buddhism was diminished and swept form power and the final and longest dynasty emerged: the Yi or Chosun Dynasty.

The Yi or Chosun Dynasty (1392-1910 AD) was founded by General Yi Songgye who, as Koryo disintegrated under shifting alliances and external and internal wars, usurped control and established the Yi dynasty.

New officials were appointed from amongst Yi's followers, and the government simulated the Chinese / Koryo model and extended its realm. The officials, known as yangban, soon became a leisured class with elite tastes who excelled in painting, Chinese calligraphy and writing, and sijo poetry and their interests influenced the contemporary Korean kingdom and way of life. It was they, also, who introduced and promoted Confucianism followed by neo-Confucianism.

All of this filtered down to the lower classes influencing a new folk culture that surrounded itself around…...

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Reference

Korean History. Retrieved on 3/17/2011 from:

http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/bender4/eall131/EAHReadings/module02/m02korean.html

Sohn, H.M. The Korean Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

His convictions are believed to represent only a small portion of his actual crimes; he is believed to have committed upwards of 100 murders.
Mental Status and Behavior Observation (must have subheading):

Appearance, Attitude, and Activity

Kuklinski was a tall, physically imposing man. He was over 6 feet tall and over 300 pounds. He seemed physically fit, despite his immense size. He had several tattoos on his body at the time of his prison interviews. He had a beard and was balding. Otherwise, he presented a clean-cut disposition. His attitude was very soft-spoken, even when discussing horrific events. However, he did make it clear to the interviewer that, despite being incarcerated at the time of the interview, he still posed a threat to the interviewer.

Thought Process, Thought Content, and Perception

His thought process seemed coherent, with no obvious defects in cognition or reasoning. While he was relating horrific events and his thought content…...

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References

Musto, M. (2001). The Iceman: Confessions of a Mafia Hitman 2 of 2. Retrieved July 10, 2012

from website:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=007UO2aOm-U&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLCEBD010BB8CF9B63 

Musto, M. (2001). The Iceman: Confessions of a Mafia Hitman 1 of 2. Retrieved July 10, 2012

from YouTube website:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tv4c3flhSau

Whether it was demographic malaise or the social imperative for smaller and more careful family formation, the war stunted the population boom. In good fortune, this cessation allowed for the necessary cultivation of the pre-existing fibers of society. The first-time availability of credit, burgeoning trade, and new industries were given the chance to solidify, and migration to the urban centers became a reality in most public lives. The population intensification that described the pre-war economy made the townspeople of Appleby, Chippenham, Willingham, and Orwell, become part of communities no longer separate from the urban life but intrinsically tied to it. As a result, when poverty came to the villages during the wars, migration to the economic strongholds of the urban fortress was a logical alternative.
The peasantry of the villages had little opportunities available to them, and indebted to the research of Laurence Stone, Spufford manages an in-depth discussion of…...

According to the author, this was of particular consequence as a contributing factor in the class conflict that led to revolution in the late 18th century. Apparently, reading itself was not held in as high regard as it is today and was seen as a crutch, much the way that contemporary mathematics teachers regard calculators. At that time, it was believed that genuinely educated people did not need to rely on writing to remember what they learned.
Part III -- The Family

The author also describes the extent to which the notions of both family and home differed tremendously from those concepts today. In contemporary Western societies, children are considered the most important core of the family and much of the family's resources and efforts revolve around meeting their needs and their desires. In medieval families, children typically left the family before the age of ten and were sent to work…...

Aboriginal Activism in Australia
The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were the centuries of new exploration; the scientific discoveries had allowed Europeans to build better ships and navigation system and to explore the new worlds. The French, British and panish explorers were more successful in these endeavors. They not only found new lands but were able to exploit the small local population of Natives to control the land. North America is perhaps the most significant example of this. The British first went as explorers, then traders and in the end easily managed to control the lands, building their own colonies. It was the advanced technology of the Europeans that played a significant part in their control of the "New Worlds."

Australia in this respect is no exception. It is said that the Aboriginals came to this part of the earth some 50,000 years ago and they came from the neighboring islands like Papua…...

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Sources:

Reynolds, Henry. 1996. After Mabo, What About Aboriginal Sovereignty?, Australian Humanities Review, at http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/AHR/archive/Issue-April-1996/Reynolds.html

Paisley, Fiona. 1997. Race and Remembrance: Contesting Aboriginal Child Removal in the Inter-War Years, Australian Humanities Review, at http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/AHR/archive/Issue-November-1997/paisley.html

Stanton, Sue. 1999. Time for Truth: Speaking the Unspeakable - Genocide and Apartheid in the 'Lucky' Country., Australian Humanities Review, at http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/AHR/archive/Issue-July-1999/stanton.html

Miller, James. 1985. Koori - A Will to Win: The Heroic Resistance, Survival and Triumph of Black Australia. Angus & Robertson, Sydney.

Illusion is central to both Abselon's description of the "pantomime of gentility," and Cook's description of what he calls "artful deception." As described by Abselon and Cook, what role does illusion play in Barnum's museum exhibits and in late 19th century department stores? Does illusion operate similarly or differently in these two contexts? Why is illusion so compelling to nineteenth-century, middle -class audience. For this question use the following two texts: Cook, Arts of Deception) and Abselon, When Ladies Go -- A Thieving
Both Elaine S. Abselon and James Cook focus in their respective texts upon the intersection of race, gender, and class that occurred in the twin modern temples of illusion, the department store and the circus, of the 19th century middle class. For Abelson, the popularity of the newly-created department store enabled merchants to display the supposed bounty of the middle class' new largess, combined with the illusion that…...

Gilded age, millions of women were employed in shops and factories. Others worked for wealthier households as domestic workers doing household chores. Several women favored to work in factories as opposed to working as domestic servants. Helen Campbell, a journalist, interviewed people who had formerly worked as servants to ascertain the reason for the preference (Cott and oydson, 2016). An American woman aged 22 called Margaret stated that the ultimate goal for everyone was freedom. Waitresses got two days off their work in a week. Those working in the house seldom had such privileges. They were engaged throughout the week and there was little break. Waitresses, on the other hand were assured of getting at least two days to spend on themselves. Margaret said that the two off days gave her freedom to pursue whatever ends she wanted. Another woman noted that sharing and working with others meant that…...

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Bibliography

Campbell, Helen. Prisoners of Poverty (1900); reprinted in Root of Bitterness: Documents in the Social History of American Women. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1996.

Cott, Nancy, and Jeanne Boydson. Root of Bitterness: Documents of the Social History of American Women. Northeastern University Press, 2016.

WomenWorking. Helen Stuart Campbell (1839 -- 1918). n.d.   (accessed September 05, 2016).http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/campbell.html 

Social psychology is a very broad field that takes in the many varieties of group dynamics, perceptions and interactions. Its origins date back to the late-19th Century, but it really became a major field during and after the Second orld ar, in order to explain phenomena like aggression, obedience, stereotypes, mass propaganda, conformity, and attribution of positive or negative characteristics to other groups. Among the most famous social psychological studies are the obedience experiments of Stanley Milgram and the groupthink research of Irving Janus (Feenstra Chapter 1). Authority figures are very important in influencing the behavior and attitudes of groups, as advertising pioneers like Edward Bernays and Nazi propagandists like Josef Goebbels realized early in the 20th Century. Human beings naturally categorize others into groups, and attribute values, attitudes and stereotypes to them, while they also tend to favor members of their own group (Feenstra Chapter 2). Social psychologists have…...

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WORKS CITED

Arendt, Hannah. Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil. Penguin Books, 2006.

Cooper, S. "A Closer Look at Racial Profiling" in S.J. Muffler (ed). Racial Profiling: Issues, Data and Analyses. Nova Science Publishers, pp. 25-30, 2006.

Ewen, Stuart. PR!: A Social History of Spin. NY: Basic Books, 1996.

Feenstra, Jennifer. Introduction to Social Psychology. Bridegeport Education, Inc., 2011.

History of Crime and Punishment in Europe 17C-18C
This paper traces the history crime and punishment in Europe. It looks at the influences of that time the social and philosophical movements and how they affected the whole evolution of treatment of crime and the thought behind punishment. The paper details about the neoclassical period its forbearers and how they regarded the issue of crime and punishment and their assumptions regarding the problem.

Crime is as old as civilization itself and where you find groups of people, you will consistently find some shape of criminal activity. You will also find punishment. The criminal has always been seen as undermining the values and, even, the very fabric of the society she or he deceives. Accordingly, those found out or found culpable have often been dealt with unsympathetically. Again, the Jewish Mythology will spring to the Western mind with its mantra of an eye for…...

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References

Andrews Richard Mowery. 1994. Law, Magistracy and Crime in Old Regime Paris, 1735-1789. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dictionary of the History of Ideas. 1973-4. 5 vols. Edited by Philip D. Wiener New York: Scribners

Gatrell, V.A.C., Bruce Lenman and Geoffrey Parker eds. 1980.Crime and the Law. The Social History of Crime in Western Europe since 1500. London: Europa.

Garland, David. 1985. Punishment and Welfare: In History of Penal Strategies. Aldershot: Gower. GOLDMANN Lucien. 1973. The Philosophy of the Enlightenment. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

So let's change the interpretation a little bit so that it will be the way we wished it were." Well, that's not what history is. History is what happened, and history ought to be nothing more than the quest to find out what happened. Now, if you want to get into why what happened, that's probably valid too, but why what happened shouldn't have much of anything to do with what happened. (Limbaugh 1994)
The push for the elimination of negative stereotypes, and to encourage the diversification of perspectives through education of our youths is certainly a noble and worthwhile effort. However, there cannot be an absolute answer for all of the problems. Certainly racism, for example, needs to be abolished, and the tone and viewpoints of our educational tools is the perfect place to begin this alteration. However, is it necessarily beneficial to erase all evidence of racism from…...

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References

Cheney, Lynne V. 1994. The end of history. Wall Street Journal. 20 October 1994.Evans, R.W., & Pang, V.O. (1995). National Standards for United States History: the Storm of Controversy Continues. Social Studies, 86(6), 270-274.

Faulconer, T., & Freeman, A.C. (2005). Teachers, Classroom Controversy and the Media. Social Education, 69(6), 323+.

Garvey, J. (1995, December 15). The Earth Is Flat: My Textbook Says So. Commonweal, 122, 7+.

Heritage Foundation (2006).  http://www.heritage.org/ .

History Naval Warfare
What was naval power in the age of sail and how did different sea going states exercise it from the period 1650-1850?

"There is a deep landlubber bias in historical and social research," writes Charles King. "History and social life, we seem to think, happen on the ground. What happens on the water…is just the scene-setter for the real action when the actors get where they are going. ut oceans, seas, and rivers have a history of their own, not merely as highways or boundaries but as central players in distinct stories of human interaction and exchange." Current essay is an exploration of the naval power and sea command during the period of the age of sail (1650-1850). The author has mentioned the war history and war strategies of major navies and sailors during this era. The author has also discussed how different sea going states exercise naval power…...

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BibliographyAmes, Glenn Joseph. "Colbert, Mercantilism, and the French Quest for Asian Trade." DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, (1996).Black, Jeremy. "Britain as a Military Power, 1688-1815." London: UCL Press, (1999).Boxer, C.R. "The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825." London: Hutchinson, (1969). Brewer, John. "Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State, 1688-1783." Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1988).Charles King, "The Black Sea: A History" Oxford: Oxford University Press (2004), 3.Diamond, Jared. "Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies." New York W.W. Norton & Co., (1997).Kennedy, Paul M. "The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery." Malabar, FL.: Robert E. Krieger, (1982).Pearson, M.N. Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat: The Response to the Portuguese in the Sixteenth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.Timothy Brook, The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1998), 12.Warren I. Cohen East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000), 88.]

Conclusion

The author discussed the sea power in the age of sail i.e., 1650-1800 and how different countries adopt this power. For this purpose the author analyzed main sea powers during this period i.e., Purtogues, Dutch, French and English in the Atlantic Ocean and Chinese navy. The author concluded that sea power was the main source of authority for any country. The courtiers with powerful fleet ships and navy were dominant in the world.

Mostly the countries having command on sea used this dominance to expand trade. There are also evidences of unfair means to occupy other countries as well to maintain this occupation. The author also discussed how the British Royal Navy used impressments system to forcefully include the seaman in the Royal Navy.

Endnotes

Key Elements of an APA Interview

1. Introduction

Begin by establishing rapport and setting a respectful tone.
Introduce yourself, state your purpose, and obtain informed consent.
Explain the interview process, including its duration and structure.

2. Personal History

Inquire about family background, childhood experiences, and educational history.
Explore significant events, relationships, and influences that have shaped the individual's life.

3. Presenting Problem

Ask the individual to describe the specific concerns or difficulties that brought them to the interview.
Gather details about the onset, duration, severity, and impact of the presenting problem.

4. Mental Status Examination

Assess the individual's appearance, behavior, speech, mood, and thought....