Human Services Case
The client in this case is Ms. Ann Schafer. Ms. Schaefer is an unemployed African-American female, 43 years of age, divorced, mother of three children.
Presenting Problem
The client is a single mother with three children who was recently evicted out of her one bed room apartment because she could not pay the rent. She is unemployed and now homeless. She has no contact with the father of her children and she receives no assistance or help financially or with the care of her children.
The following goals will be addressed:
The immediate goal is to assist the client with obtaining a temporary residence in order to get the client and her children off of the street. A longer-term goal would be to assist the client to find a stable residence that is affordable and adequate for her needs.
Immediately assist the client to obtain food and clothing for herself and her children.
Assist…...
mla8. The client stated she wished to eventually find employment but she could not afford day care. There are a couple of alternatives that she can investigate. The client can investigate potential affordable day care providers via the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services ( Care/default.asp). Other potential day care options can be also be explored in this context.http://www.dfps.state.tx.us/Child_Care/Search_Texas_Child_
9. In line with the above recommendation, a future goal of the client will be to have her receive training in a career that can help her become independent in caring for herself and for her family. Counseling to help the client work toward permanent, full-time employment by evaluating the client's job skills and job history should be implemented. It will be important to also work with client to help her make connections with job training programs. This will require linking her to career counseling services, assisting her in locating permanent, full time job training and employment opportunities. It will also be important to help her to gain budgeting skills, credit counseling, and money management training. Thus, once she has been settled into a longer-term residence and has support and sufficient resources it will be important to begin to consider her future and provide her with vocational/career counseling in order to help her determine the most appropriate career course of action for her in the future and to provide her with training to be self sufficient.
10. Set up regular follow-up visits with the client to keep track on her progress and to provide support and guidance with future issues.
Abstract Children in the 21st century have to confound with a fundamentally different cultural and social environment in the course of their growth and development—one of the most notable developments in the increase of single-father families. Single fathers are also, commonly, the legal guardians of their children. Various reasons lead to these situations. Some single parents may opt to be in such a state by choice. Others are forced into the situation by circumstances such as the loss of their partners or separation. It has also been observed that single parents commonly experience a range of challenges, including stress. Single parents face challenges that emanate from the sheer parenting responsibility. Other sources of stress could include but not limited to, financial obligations and coping with their situations. Children of single parents may find it hard to cope and maybe confused because the rules in one household may not be the same…...
Child Therapy
The author of this report has been asked to assess the situation of a single mother of three kids. The mother is very paranoid about losing her children but there are some very real concerns in terms of what the mother is apparently doing and how some of the children are acting. The author is asked to answer a number of questions. These include how the professionals could and should collaborate so as to best serve both the mother and the children involved in the situation, from an ethical and legal standpoint of course. The role of each professional in the situation will be discussed in detail. The function that each professional would serve will be discussed. The author is also going to place one's self as the "lead" person on the team and will then describe what could and should happen in relation to this situation and why.…...
mlaReferences
Fabia-czyk, K. (2011). Decision making on ambiguous stimuli such as prosody by subjects suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, and without psychiatric diagnosis. British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical Psychology, 64(1), 53-68.
doi:10.1348/000711010X492366
Lo, C. C., Monge, A. N., Howell, R. J., & Cheng, T. C. (2013). The Role of Mental Illness in Alcohol Abuse and Prescription Drug Misuse: Gender-Specific Analysis of College
Students. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 39-47.
client is a 28-year-old, recently divorced single mother with a six-year-old daughter. She is the primary caregiver, as the father lives out of state and visits every 6-8 weeks. The father pays no child support. The divorce was due to drug abuse and infidelity on the father's part. The client is limited in social support resources; her parents are restricted from babysitting the child because of a child molestation accusation that has yet to be resolved. The inability to rely on her family for babysitting creates difficulties for the client, who attends school in addition to working. The child is also experiencing some stressors, which have manifested as an obsession with the weather and a focus on death. The client feels extreme stress due to the ongoing legal issues, financial issues, lack of paternal involvement, and inability to access her normal support network. The client is seeking help and…...
mlaReferences
The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. (2015). Dog bite prevention.
Retrieved April 17, 2015 from ASPCA website: https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/dog-bite-prevention
Wakefield, H. & Underwager, R. (1989). Manipulating the child sexual abuse system.
Retrieved April 17, 2015 from the Institute for Psychological Therapies website: http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume1/j1_2_6.htm
Women's Issues: Poor Single Mothers
Poverty single Mothers
Women's Issues
Poor Single Mothers
Does Parker's 1971 definition of poverty still have relevance today? The purpose of this work is to discover the answer to this question as well as research the plight of single mothers in America today and explain the major economic and social problems that are faced by single mothers. Further this work will discuss the assistance available today that would have improved Parker's life in the decade of the seventies.
According to Parker, 1971 there is shame in being poor and poverty is to be viewed with anger and not pity. Poverty is "dirt," "being tired" states Parker who uses much small definition that poignantly catch the reader's attention. Parker reveals to the reader the vicious cycle of poverty. The facts concerning poverty are not the kind that are encouraging or inspiring and quite unfortunately the cycle described by Parker is real…...
mlaBibliography:
Is There Such a Thing as an Absolute Poverty Line Over Time? Evidence from the United States, Britain, Canada, and Australia on the Income Elasticity of the Poverty [Online] available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/papers/elassmiv.htm
Fisher, Gordon M. (1996) Relative or Absolute -- New Light on the Behavior of Poverty Lines Over Time Department of Health and Human Services [Online] available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/papers/relabs.htm
Poverty Rate Among Single-Mother Families Remain Stagnant in Late 1990's despite Strong Economy (2001) Center on Budget and Policy Priorities 16 AUG 2001 [Online] available at: http://www.cbpp.org/8-16-01wel.pdf
Sherman, Arloc, et al. (2004) Employment Rates for Single Mothers Fell Substantially During Recent Period of Labor Market Weaknesss 22 June 2004 [Online] available at: http://www.cbpp.org/6-22-04ui.htm
The sample was taken from the first consecutive 141 families which entered the project. Although this may not influence the results, excluding mothers from that may do so. For example it was not made clear why 31 of those individuals' forms were missing data. Comparisons between the two groups did however seem to indicate that there may be demographic differences between those who finished the study and those who were discounted. This could therefore indicate selection bias in the results.
The study indicated that cumulative risk factors were greater predictors of permanent loss of custody than single individual risk factors. This was interesting as it indicates the importance of considering all risk factors together when assessing the family situation. There were however some other risk factors which were not included which may also have an impact on the outcome. For example although partner violence was evaluated, there was no measure…...
mlaReferences
Larrieu, J.A., Heller, S.S., Smyke, a.T. & Zeanah, C.H. (2008) Predictors of permanent loss of custody for mothers of infants and toddlers in foster care. Infant Mental Health Journal, 29(1): 48-60.
Article Review
country currently allows single adults to adopt children. This may be less surprising than the fact that singles have been legally eligible to adopt since the first adoption laws were passed in the mid-nineteenth century. Indeed, the "spinster" who took in children was a staple of Victorian moral fiction and a recurrent figure inadoption narratives. A fair number of unmarried women (Jessie Taft was one) adopted children in the early decades of the twentieth century. They often raised children in pairs as well as alone, illustrating that the vast majority of adoptions by lesbians and gay men have been arranged as single parent adoptions, whether they actually were or not. But formal legal eligibility did not imply tolerance, let alone acceptance. ingles were viewed as less desirable parents than married couples. Men were considered far less desirable than women, if they were considered at all.
The number of families headed…...
mlaSystematic efforts to recruit single parents began only in the 1960s, initiated by advocates of the special needs revolution in adoption. These advocates insisted that children who were hard to place should have equal opportunities to grow up in families in spite of their mental or physical disabilities, advanced ages, minority or mixed-race status, or a combination of these factors. Many potential adopters, however, were looking for healthy white infants, and these private preferences slowed the practical progress of special needs adoptions, as did agency policies that favored or limited placements to infertile couples.
The first organized effort to enlist single parents was a program of the Los Angeles Bureau of Adoptions. In 1965, this public agency sought out single African-Americans in order to locate same-race parents for African-American children for whom married parents could not be found. Over the next two years, the agency placed a total of thirty-nine children with single mothers and one child with a single father, a fairly small number considering the hundreds of children in care. The Los Angeles Bureau of Adoptions also experimented with placing minority children with white married couples, an experience described in some detail by agency official Ethel E. Branham. For even the most daring agencies, however, transracial adoptions represented a partial solution to the urgent needs of children of color, especially as the controversy over placing black children in white families heated up in the late 1960s and early 1970s. According to Los Angeles Bureau director Walter A. Heath, two parents were preferable, "but one parent is better than none." By the time it revised its adoption standards in 1968, the Child Welfare League of America conceded that married parents were an unattainable luxury for some children. Single parent adoptions were permissible in "exceptional circumstances" where the child would not otherwise be adopted.
The story of single parent adoptions illustrates change as well as continuity in the history of adoption. That some adults previously considered ineligible or even entirely unfit for parenthood were eventually recognized as a positive resource for children attests to the democratization of adoption, which now includes many more kinds of people than it did in the past, at least in theory. At the same time, single parent adoptions prove that matching children and parents on a hierarchy of more and less desirable characteristics persists. Approximately one-third of children adopted from the public foster care system and one-quarter
Psychology - Developmental
Scenario #1
The single mother comes home after a long day of work. The little girl, (Sara) is approximately 4-5 years old. Her mother realizes that someone there are small pieces of M&M's sprinkled around this kitchen floor, and assumes that her child has been eating the candy instead of waiting until after dinner. The mother asks Sara if she has been eating candy, and Sara looks down at the floor and adamantly denies that she has had any candy. She states that she has spent the afternoon watching television and painting pictures with grandma. Mom and child have been working on learning the difference between telling the truth and telling a lie and the mother is certain that the little girl has indeed been eating the candy. Telling lies is typically of children in this age group. Children may lie for several reasons, including trying to get something…...
mlaReferences
Mlyniec, Vicky. "Got An Attitude?" Parents. December 2003:209
Mlyniec, Vicky. "To Tell The Truth." Parents. December, 2003: 202
Martinez, Teresa. "Why Kids Want the Most - And More." Parenting, November 2003: 206
132). hen women reported that their desire for greater social support was satisfied, the outcomes reported for their children improved dramatically.
The negative associations with single parenting thus have more to do with the circumstances that can give birth to single parenting, or are attached to single parenting because of the way our society is structured. In society, we have come to regard the nuclear family as the norm and single parents do not always have the multigenerational support that could give their children positive role models of both genders that they may have in previous eras. Single parents are more likely to be female, and females are traditionally underpaid for their labor. Additionally companies are not always willing to make accommodations for male or female single parent's need for flexible schedules. But the problem is not with single parenting; rather the problem is with how our society views parenthood in…...
mlaWorks Cited
Burden, Dianne S. "Single Parents and the Work Setting: The Impact of Multiple Job and Homelife Responsibilities." Family Relations. Vol. 35. No. 1. The Single Parent Family. Jan., 1986. pp. 37-43
Hanson, Shirley M. "Single Parents and the Work Setting: The Impact of Multiple Job and Homelife Responsibilities." Family Relations. Vol. 35. No. 1. The Single Parent Family. Jan., 1986. pp. 125-132.
DeLeire, Thomas & Ariel Kalil. "Good things come in 3's: Single-parent multigenerational family structure and adolescent adjustment." Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies. Oct 2001. 4 Apr 2008. http://www.spc.uchicago.edu/prc/pdfs/deleir02.pdf
Walker, Victoria. Pagewise. 2002. 4 Apr 2008. http://www.essortment.com/all/singleparentfa_rcsc.htm
Whereas in 1963, 70% of all African-American families were headed by married couples, that rate had dipped to 46.1% by 1996. In 2001, the rate had increased to 47.9%, the first uptrend in 40 years (Kinnon, 2003). The rate of African-American crime and incarceration, which is closely linked to males from single-parent households, has also dipped since 1996.
Concerns about TANF and current welfare programs
While the statistics are compelling, there are a series of questions which have not been addressed by these welfare reforms. There are still about 50% of the former welfare population which has not been able to graduate from the welfare-poverty cycle, nor have they been able to find work. In states where the TANF provisions were enacted, including the 5-year limitation on welfare benefits, there has been a back-sliding on the part of state legislatures to extend welfare assistance for the "hard core" unemployed.
The effects on…...
mlaBibliography
Bush, L. (2000). African-American Mothers/African-American Sons: A Critical Examination of the Social Science Literature. Western Journal of African-American Studies, 145-167.
Cherry, F. & . (1977). Physical and cognitive development in children of low-income mothers working in the child's early years. Child Development, 158-166.
Garfinkle, I. a. (1986). Single Mothers and their children: A new American dilemma. Washington: Urban Institute.
Haskins, R. (1989). Beyond metaphor: The efficacy of early childhood education. American Psychologist, 274-282.
After a literature review of existing studies on the subject, "we have clear indications that breast-feeding helps prevent an extra incident of gastrointestinal illness in some kids -- an unpleasant few days of diarrhea or vomiting, but rarely life-threatening in developed countries" noted Hana osin in a controversial article in The Atlantic (osin 2009). Despite graphic public advertisements that link breast-feeding with putting a child at great medical risk, the evidence is less certain than one might assume. Although breast-feeding has been credited with everything from improving babies' IQs to preventing obesity, the ability to prevent these conditions with breast-feeding remains uncertain, particularly when women's economic status is taken into consideration when evaluating the studies (osin 2009).
Cultural biases against trusting a woman to actively make choices about how they will be mothers may have more to do with the censure of women who choose to discount so-called common wisdom…...
mlaReferences
Baram, Marcus. (2006). Moms-to-be get mixed message about drinking. ABC News.
Retrieved June 30, 2011 at http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=2654849&page=1
Hanley, J.J. (2002). Refrigerator mothers. PBS: POV. Retrieved June 30, 2011 at http://www.pbs.org/pov/refrigeratormothers/interview.php
Italy launches cocktail glass poster. (2011). The Telegraph. Retrieved June 30, 2011 at http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/7764241/Italy-launches-foetus-in-cocktail-glass-poster-to-stop-women-drinking.html
Mothers -- Transitioning from elfare to Corporate America
elfare in the United States is both a complex and controversial subject. The issue focuses on several aspects of public policy: economics, cultural diversity, actualization, incentives, education/training, taxation and even the actual role of the government. e first begin this study with an overview of the idea of a state welfare system, its origins, development, purpose, and particularly view the manner in which the welfare system has changed since the Great Depression. It is then important to understand the implications of the 1988 Family Support Act (FSA) and the change in attitude and policy regarding welfare, and the newer focus on finding ways to train, retrain, or educate those on welfare so they can find gainful employment -- particularly those who move into the corporate world. Challenges, interventions, and potential outcomes are examined, among which looking at the juxtaposition between the fiscal…...
mlaWorks Cited
Burnett, R. (2010, May 28). Social Welfre: Does it Really Help or Does it Really Hurt? Retrieved from The Cypress Times: http://www.thecypresstimes.com/article/Columnists/The_Hard_Truth/SOCIAL_WELFARE_DOES_IT_REALLY_HELP_OR_DOES_IT_REALLY_HURT/30509
Galster, G. (Ed.). (1996). Reality and Research: Social Science and U.S. Urban Policy since 1960. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
Gyamfi, P., Brooks-Gun, J., & Jackson, A. (2005). Moving Towards Work: The Effects of Employment Experiences on Welfare-Dependent Women and their Children. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 12(2-3), 39-62.
Hamilton, G. (2002, July). Moving People from Welfare to Work. Retrieved from MDRC Policy Analysis: http://www.mdrc.org/publications/52/summary.html
Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War" by Drew Gilpin Faust. Specifically, it will explain how the instabilities of the Civil War South forced southern white women to alter their behavior. What was the key issue they faced as white men were forced to go to the front? In what way did altered gender roles lead to altered clothing styles? What does clothing tell us about civil society? Southern women faced many difficulties during the Civil War. They had to take on new roles that did not fit their upbringing, and they had to make significant changes to the way they lived and worked. It was a difficult and demanding time for southern women, and some of them discovered themselves, while others discovered they were closer to their black slaves than they ever would have believed.
The South, being at a distinct disadvantage for…...
mlaReferences
Faust, Drew Gilpin. Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
Methods of Killing
The methods of committing neonaticide, infanticide, and filicide are as diverse as the women who commit the tragic crime. According to ouge-Maillart, Jousset, Gaudin, Bouju, and Penneau (2005), strangulation, head trauma, drowning, and suffocation were the four most frequent methods of filicide. However, in these researchers' study, some mothers used what they deem to be 'more active' methods. Five children died after being struck by their mothers' fists. Two women in the study used a firearm to shoot their children. Two died after being hit with a heavy object, by their mother -- one a monkey wrench the other a stone. One woman slit her 13-year-old's throat. In one case, a 3-year-old boy died by defenestration -- being thrown out of the window. Lastly, a 10-month-old died of starvation and dehydration, after being deprived of food and water for 10 days.
Krischer, Stone, Sevecke, and Steinmeyer's (2007) study uncovered…...
mlaReferences
Atwood, T. (Feb 2008). Comment: National Council for Adoption's response to the Texas Safe Haven Study. Child Maltreatment, 13(1). pp. 96-97.
Craig, M. (Feb 2004). Perinatal risk factors for neonaticide and infant homicide. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 97. pp. 57-61.
Friedman, S., Horwitz, S., & Resnick, P. (2005) Child murder by mothers. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162. pp. 1578-1587.
Kauppi, A. Kumpulainen, K. Vanamo, T. Merikanto, J and Karkola K. (2008)Maternal depression and filicide. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 11. pp. 201-206.
Client Description.
The client is a 19-year-old single male who was referred for treatment by his parents who are concerned that his use of alcohol is interfering with his grades in college. The client reportedly had all A grades in high school and had been placed in a program for gifted students. However, he has reportedly flunked out of college in his first year. Following this he was also recently arrested for his second DUI offense, the first offense occurring when he was a senior in high school.
According to his parents, the client was born at full term with no complications occurring in the pregnancy and delivery of the baby. He met all of his developmental milestones ahead of expectation and has experienced no major health issues although his last physical examination was several years ago. He excelled in school and was placed in a program for gifted and talented students.…...
mlaReferences
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.-text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
Beck, A.T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R.A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 56(6), 893-903.
Covin, R., Ouimet, A.J., Seeds, P.M., & Dozois, D.J. (2008). A meta-analysis of CBT for pathological worry among clients with GAD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(1), 108-116.
Dutra, L., Stathopoulou, G., Basden, S.L., Leyro, T.M., Powers, M.B., & Otto, M.W. (2008). A meta-analytic review of psychosocial interventions for substance use disorders. American Journal Psychiatry, 165 (2) 179-187.
1. Financial strain: Single parents often struggle to make ends meet as they are responsible for the sole financial support of their family. This can lead to stress, anxiety, and difficulty providing for their children's needs.
2. Lack of support: Single parents may feel isolated and overwhelmed by the demands of parenting without the support of a partner. They may also lack access to resources and services that could help them navigate parenting challenges.
3. Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities: Single parents often face challenges balancing their work responsibilities with their caregiving duties. This can lead to feelings of guilt and exhaustion,....
Navigating Single Motherhood for Black Women: Raising Sons in Contemporary Society
Raising children as a single parent is a complex undertaking, especially for women of color. Single black women face unique challenges in navigating the complexities of childcare, economic disparities, and social stigmas while fostering the healthy development of their sons.
Economic Challenges
Financial instability is a significant hurdle for single black mothers. According to the National Urban League, black women earn only 63 cents for every dollar earned by white men. This income gap contributes to poverty, housing insecurity, and limited access to quality education and healthcare for their children. Single mothers....
Some of the social and financial challenges faced by single fathers in modern society include:
1. Societal stigma: Single fathers may face judgment and discrimination from others who believe that men should not have primary caregiving responsibilities. This stigma can lead to feelings of isolation and lack of support.
2. Balancing work and family responsibilities: Single fathers often struggle to balance the demands of their work and caregiving duties. This can lead to stress and burnout as they try to provide for their families while also being present and available for their children.
3. Financial strain: Single fathers may face financial challenges, as....
Social Challenges
1. Prejudice and Discrimination:
Single fathers often encounter societal stigma and discrimination. They may face assumptions about their parenting abilities, competence, and moral character. This prejudice can manifest in employment, housing, and social interactions.
2. Lack of Support Systems:
Single fathers may lack traditional support systems available to mothers, such as family members, friends, and community resources. This can lead to feelings of isolation, stress, and difficulty coping with the demands of parenting alone.
3. Social Isolation:
Single fathers may experience social isolation due to the limited opportunities for social connections and activities designed specifically for them. This can result in a lack of....
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