Segregation: Mary Mebane's "The ack of the us"
Segregation: Defiance in the ack of the us

Segregation is a nasty part of America's history. While slavery existed in the United States for more than 200 years before the Civil War (Stonaker & Shepard), it was after the war when the South decided they needed to do something to separate blacks from whites. They came up with and passed some laws called the "black codes" (Stonaker & Shepard). These "codes" were brutally strict rules that forced blacks to never intermingle with whites. efore this time, it's important to remember that there wasn't a need for these limiting laws because 95% of blacks were slaves. Fast forward to December 1, 1955 when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. This moment in history is important not only because Parks became a symbol for the Civil Rights Movement and went…...

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Bibliography

Coolery, Thomas. The Norton Sampler W.W. & Norton Company. Seventh Edition.

2010. Print.

Stonaker, Brielle & Shepard, Arica. "Segregation." 18 May 2012.

  Web.http://www.kawvalley.k12.ks.us/brown_v_board/segregation.htm#top 

Residential Segregation
Since the peak in residential Black/hite segregation during the 1960s and 1970s, there has been a slow decline in the index of dissimilarity; however, this did not translate into an increase in interactions with different racial groups ("Residential Segregation" 15-19). By the 2010 Census, the average hite person still lives in a predominantly hite neighborhood and the average Black person lives in a predominately minority neighborhood. By comparison, the residential segregation experienced by Hispanics and Asians has remained relatively stable during the latter decades of the 20th century and during the first decade of the new millennium.

The two main competing models are "human ecology" and "socioeconomic status" ("Residential Segregation" 47). The human ecology model proposes that segregation is created by trends in migration and new housing starts, institutionalized discrimination, population growth, an urban center's size and age, and the demographics specific to a region. By comparison, ilson has proposed…...

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Works Cited

Farley, Reynolds and Frey, William H. "Changes in the Segregation of Whites from Blacks during the 1980s: Small Steps Toward a more Integrated Society." American Sociological Review 59.1 (1994): 23-45. Print.

"Farmville: Film Description." POV, American Documentary, Inc. (2009). Web.

Hirschman, Charles. "Immigration and the American Century." Demography, 42.4 (2005): 595-620.

Logan, John R., Stults, Brian J., and Farley, Reynolds. "Segregation of Minorities in the Metropolis: Two Decades of Change." Demography 41.1 (2004): 1-22. Print.

Diversity
Segregation, Desegregation and Integration of Chicano Students

The article, "Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration of Chicano Students: Old and New ealities" by ichard . Valencia et al., covers the desegregation and integration of Chicano students in America's schools from the first known practices in the 1840's through the present times. Chicano children actually had more educational opportunities than blacks, and they enjoyed segregated schools well before the turn of the 20th century. What is more interesting, is that Chicanos have tended to remain segregated in schools around the nation, while blacks have managed to achieve a high percentage of desegregation. In most cases, there are fewer Chicano students in white schools today than there were in the 1960s. As the author's note, "The more dramatic and largely ignored [segregation] trends are those affecting Latinos'" (Valencia et al. 74). Unfortunately, these trends affect the schools, the education available to Chicano students, and their…...

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References

Valencia, Richard R., et al. "Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration of Chicano Students: Old and New Realities."

Emotional labour is a common phenomenon, especially in service industries. Broadly speaking, emotional labour means that an individual at the workplace displays positive or organisationally-acceptable emotions regardless of their true emotional state (Hochschild, 1983). When interacting with customers, for instance, a customer service employee is required to treat customers with empathy, kindness, and calmness irrespective of how the employee is feeling or how the customer behaves or talks. Portraying negative emotions such as anger, frustration, and hostility would potentially injure the reputation of the organisation or negatively affect customer confidence in the organisation. Fundamentally, emotional labour means that while at work, the experience and articulation of feelings should be separated in the sense that one is expected to display the desired emotions, not the emotions they are actually experiencing (Ward and McMurray, 2016).
Does emotional labour mean that service organisations must consider employees with the ability to manage their emotions? And…...

Michael Powell describes the combination of factors that contribute to the harsh and drastic shift in the economic realities of the wealthy, black communities in Memphis, TN. This article was published by the New York Times just over two years ago, certainly during severe economic times during the United States, which have not subsided in the present, a few years later. The article provides a brief and modern history of the growth the black middle class in Memphis and some surrounding towns.
For a time, many black people were employed very well, owned attractive property, and lived comfortable middle class, American lifestyles. As of 2010, there were drastic events occurring with great frequency that changed the lives of many blacks for the worse. The article describes the rise and the descent of the middle class black community in Tennessee during the early 21st century. Additionally, the article provides evidence of…...

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References:

Farley, Reynolds, & Frey, William H. "Changes in the Segregation of Whites from Blacks During the 1980s: Small Steps Toward a More Integrated Society." American Sociological Association, Vol. 59, No. 1, 23 -- 45.

Powell, Michael. "Blacks in Memphis Lose Decades of Economic Gains." The New York Times, Web, Available from:   2012 July 20.http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/31/business/economy/31memphis.html?pagewanted=all .

Race
Orfield (2009) points out, in the beginning of his article, that after fifty-five years from the historical rown decision, segregation in school remains a big problem for the African-American and Latino populations, quite often to a higher degree than before. As he continues, this trend is particularly worrisome in suburban locations and in ghetto locations in the cities as well.

This paper, however, argues that this is more a consequence of economic and social factors rather than a racial issue, as in the past. The documentary Detropia provides useful arguments towards this thesis. The first thing to consider is that communities tend to be static rather than dynamic. This is a statement that is true not only for Africa-American and Latino communities, but also for Chinese or even European communities. It is much simpler for people to remain within the same community, benefiting from its protection (from an economic and social…...

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Bibliography

1. Orfield, Gary (2009). Reviving the Goal of an Integrated Society: A 21st Century Challenge. The Civil Rights Project

2. Parisi, D., Lichter, D., Taquino, M. (2011). Multi-Scale Residential Segregation: Black Exceptionalism and America's Changing Color Line. Social Forces B29-B52.

" Additionally in chapter four the authors explained that the federal government actually developed maps that influenced the dispersement of federal loans. In addition these maps influenced who would receive private loans. Basically the authors explain that this type of deeply rooted discrimination had an extremely negative impact on Black neighborhoods that needed federal dollars for improvement. In addition this discrimination kept qualified blacks from having the ability to get mortgages so that they could become home owners. Home ownership is an essential part of being able to build wealth.
In the fifth chapter of the book the authors focus on the creation of the underclass. The authors explain that the development of the underclass took many years to develop. This underclass was developed as a direct result of segregation and all of the racist attitudes and idioms that occurred as a result of segregation. The underclass is often composed of…...

The Desegregation MovementSlavery and segregation are some of the most shameful facets of American history. They left a legacy of racial tensions and inequality in their wake for previous generations to fix and address. While the landmark decision Brown versus the Board of Education in 1954 found that states could no longer maintain or establish laws allowing separate schools for black and white students. This was the beginning of the end of state-sponsored segregation (Georgetown.edu, 2018). However, it wasnt until ten years later that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 officially ended segregation, but the desegregation movement took much time, and its effects are still being seen to this day. This paper will discuss the many facets and issues connected to the desegregation movement.De Facto Segregation was a term used during racial integration efforts in schools during the 1960s to detail circumstances where the legislation no longer supported segregation, but…...

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References

Cornish, A. (2016, October 6). Why Busing Didn\\\\\\'t End School Segregation. Retrieved from  https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/10/06/496411024/why-busing-didnt-end-school-segregation 

Georgetown.edu. (2018, February 20). Guides: A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States: Desegregation. Retrieved from http://guides.ll.georgetown.edu/c.php?g=592919&p=4172700

Landmarkcases.org. (n.d.). Brown v. Board of Education | www.streetlaw.org. Retrieved from  http://landmarkcases.org/en/landmark/cases/brown_v_board_of_education#Tab=Overview

desegregation has taken place in schools. This began as a trend some years ago, but was pushed very clearly in the 1990s. Many court cases have appeared recently because school districts want to be released from the required court supervision that they had to deal with when they were originally desegregating. Many students are also returning to neighborhood schools, and this is causing resegregation of many urban districts. Another important thing that is happening with this issue is that minority students are being watched more closely and their academic performance is becoming more important. They are also being given access to the things that they need for a good education.
School districts in general, especially those that are involved in court cases, have made an effort to draw attention away from their efforts at desegregation and have turned them instead toward issues that involve fairness and equity for all of…...

ound 2 Draft evision - Pilot Study: Influences of Geographical Location on Academic and Life Outcomes of Young Black Males in ChicagoAbstractThis draft focuses on how the geographical location within Chicago influences academic and life outcomes for young Black males. The pilot study is informed by initial findings that suggest significant disparities based on locationNorth, South, and West sides of Chicago. This research integrates qualitative data from school principals and local educational administrators, aiming to explore systemic factors that contribute to these disparities.IntroductionHistorical Context and Systemic IssuesHistorical ContextChicago has long been recognized as one of the most racially segregated cities in the United States. This segregation is not a relic of the past but continues to profoundly shape the socio-economic and educational landscapes of the city. The historical roots of this segregation can be traced back to discriminatory practices such as redlining, restrictive covenants, and urban renewal policies that systematically…...

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ReferencesAnderson, J. D. (1988). The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Bailey, C. (2018). A guide to qualitative field research. SAGE Publications.Bell, D. A. (1980). Brown v. Board of Education and the Interest-Convergence Dilemma. Harvard Law Review, 93(3), 518-533.Bell, D. A. (1992). Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism. Basic Books.Bloomberg, L.D. (2023). Completing your qualitative dissertation: A road map from beginning to end. SAGE Publications, Inc.Crawford, M. (2020). Ecological Systems theory: Exploring the development of the theoretical framework as con-ceived by Bronfenbrenner. J Pub Health Issue Pract, 4(2), 170.Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). The Flat World and Education New York: Teachers College Press.Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2017). Critical Race Theory: An Introduction. New York: New York University Press.Ferguson, A. A. (2000). Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity. University of Michigan Press.Harris, C. I. (1993). Whiteness as Property. Harvard Law Review, 106(8), 1707-1791.Kozol, J. (1991). Savage Inequalities: Children in America\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Schools. New York: Crown Publishing Group.Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Toward a Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465-491.Noguera, P. A. (2008). The Trouble with Black Boys: And Other Reflections on Race, Equity, and the Future of Public Education. Jossey-Bass.Orfield, G., & Lee, C. (2005). Why Segregation Matters: Poverty and Educational Inequality. The Civil Rights Project at Harvard University.Rothstein, R. (2017). The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America. Liveright Publishing.Saldaña, J. (2015). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. 3rd Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.Seidman, I. (2019). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education & the social sciences. 5th Ed. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.Sharkey, P. (2013). Stuck in Place: Urban Neighborhoods and the End of Progress toward Racial Equality. University of Chicago Press.Small, D. (2020, January). The hidden curriculum in public schools and its disadvantage to minority students. In International Forum of Teaching and Studies (Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 16-24). American Scholars Press, Inc.Steele, C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52(6), 613-629.

Change must be imminent yet it is hard to know where it will come from as racial and economic inequity that leads to and sustains segregated housing remains multifaceted, with no universal answer that will touch on all issues. The program must be comprehensive and yet it cannot exclude grass roots efforts to improve the situation, either in racially segregated areas or within the whole community of the United States. Probably the most important message of any research at this juncture would be to responsibly inform the majority in a way that will hit home the reality of the continuation of racial segregation in housing and discrimination in general, as the end of the civil rights era is not even in sight even though many think it passed before they were born.

orks Cited

http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=95250984

Bickford, Adam, and Douglas S. Massey. "Segregation in the Second Ghetto: Racial and Ethnic Segregation in American Public…...

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Works Cited

 

Racial segregation remains one of the most fundamentally perplexing questions within the body of American history. Many people erroneously believe that the racial and social structures that existed prior to the close of the civil war in 1865 resulted in both fundamental and rapid changes for those who had been subjugated by slavery, immigration and even war. The truth is far more complicated and changes were much more gradual. The reality of segregation was both social, legal and economic and to some degree still exists today, in a de jure manner. "Although de jure segregation in the United States is most commonly associated with the South, segregation could be found at one time or another in every section of the country." (Finkelman, 2003) ("South, The " Columbia Encyclopedia, 2000) Though the fundamental struggle of the civil rights movements has largely forced the eradication of de facto, or legal segregation de…...

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Works Cited

Allport, Gordon. "The Nature of Prejudice." Race, Racism and American Law. Ed.

Derek Bell. Boston: Little Brown & Co., 1973. 84-87.

Gordon Allport is a leading social scientist discussing the foundations of race and prejudice as it effect the United States. His work, "The Nature of Prejudice," is recognized as one of the most influential analysis of the reasons for the perpetuation of racial prejudice.

Bell, Derek ed. Race, Racism and American Law. Boston: Little Brown & Co., 1973.

McLaurin
Segregation affected all people, because it altered their social landscape, fomented ignorance, and created insurmountable legal barriers. In Separate Pasts, Melton A. McLaurin examines the multifaceted effects of segregation not only on blacks but on whites as well. Both whites and blacks were denied access to the totality of human resources in their midst. hites left a legacy of racism that is all but entrenched in the culture of the South. Racism remains a seemingly insurmountable barrier precisely because white citizens like those in ade, North Carolina resisted change. Segregation perpetuated mistruths, systematically denying both white and black citizens access to information. The perpetually low rates of education and high rates poverty in the South can at least be indirectly traced to segregation. It is important to hear white impressions of segregation because of the way whites denied themselves access to the fruits of African-American culture. McLaurin's narrative is important…...

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Work Cited

McLaurin, Melton. Separate Pasts. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.

This has also been suggested by the survey of Forbes (2012). When some people are overpaid and the majority is underpaid, it leads to economic and social disparity in the society. Social disparity results in an increase in the crime rate as people are frustrated by lack of opportunities and consider crime as the only means which can provide them with their basic necessities. Economic disparity deprives people to meet their basic needs as the prices increase when economy grows. But this growth is limited to the elites in the society and there is no regard for the middle and lower class communities. Both the factors are unhealthy for the prosperity of a society as a whole.
acism is another issue portrayed in the movie. Although there have been stringent regulations regarding racist remarks but research has shown that almost 51% Americans engage in abusive comments towards the black community…...

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References:

Brazile, D. (2012). Brazile: Racism's tenacious hold on U.S. [Online] Retrieved March 19, 2013 from  http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/01/opinion/brazile-race-sununu 

Economist. (2010). Social Mobility and Inequality. [Online] Retrieved March 19, 2013 from  http://www.economist.com/node/15908469 

Forbes. (2012). How Income Inequality is Damaging the U.S. [online] Retrieved March 19, 2013 from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/frederickallen/2012/10/02/how-income-inequality-is-damaging-the-u-s/ 

Kramer, R.M., & Pittinsky, T.L. (2012). Restoring trust in organizations and leaders: Enduring challenges and emerging answers. New York: Oxford University Press.

Blues music however did not cross racial lines, with the majority of famous blues musicians still residing in New Orleans and various other well-known black music entertainment venues of the South.
Gospel music has been an African-American church tradition with influences from traditional African music and especially prevalent during the slavery era. Later (most likely because of those particular ignominious associations and all they implied, especially in the South) gospel music was strongly discouraged within mainstream society and actively suppressed.

Similarly, blues music represented a blending of black musical traditions with a centuries-long history originating from the earliest days of American slavery. Sammy Davis Jr. And Nat King Cole, were and remain today among the best-known of early black entertainers within the (then) up-and-coming rock 'n roll genre of the 1940's. Each had a heavy influence upon Elvis himself.

Obviously, though, the blending of Southern musical traditions was not started by Elvis…...

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Works Cited

African-American Musical Tradition." (June 9, 1998). Retrieved January 9, 2007,

From:  

Since we do not know what you have put in your first page, it is a little difficult to tell you where to start on your second page.  What we are going to do is go over some of the negative effects of gentrification and give you some links to find more information about those negative effects.  Hopefully, this will help you get over your writer’s block and get past page two.

At first glance, gentrification may seem like a positive.  After all, gentrification means an upward trend economically for a historically economically disadvantaged neighborhood.  However, long-term residents....

One of the more shameful moments in American history was the establishment of internment camps for Japanese-Americans during World War II.  Ostensibly started because the United States was at war with Japan, it is interesting to note that there were no similar internment camps for people of Italian or German descent, despite the fact that Italy and Germany were also part of the Axis powers that fought against the Allies in World War II. 

Prior to World War II, Japanese began immigrating to America for work opportunities.  They initially immigrated to Hawaii, which was annexed by the United....

Topic 1: The Social Exclusion of Marginalized Groups

Essay Title: Unveiling the Hidden Toll: The Profound Impact of Social Exclusion on Marginalized Communities

Introduction:
In contemporary society, the insidious forces of social exclusion continue to cast a long shadow on the lives of marginalized groups. This essay delves into the multifaceted nature of social exclusion and its profound impact on these communities, shedding light on the systemic barriers, prejudices, and societal attitudes that perpetuate their marginalization. By exploring the lived experiences of those affected, we aim to unveil the hidden toll of exclusion and advocate for a more inclusive and equitable society.

Body:

1. Institutional....

Thesis Statement:

The Lack of Police Equity in America: Historical Context, Current Manifestations, and the Urgent Need for Comprehensive Reform

Introduction:

Police equity, a fundamental principle of a just and democratic society, entails the fair and impartial treatment of all individuals by law enforcement agencies. However, the reality of policing in America falls short of this ideal, with a long history of racial profiling, excessive force, and discriminatory practices. This thesis will delve into the historical context of police inequity, its current manifestations, and the urgent need for comprehensive reform to ensure equal justice under the law.

Historical Context:

The roots of police inequity in....