Security Threats
Explain companies held liable losses sustained a successful attack made accounting information system sources. The paper APA style includes -text citations sources.

Liability for losses in successful attack made on their accounting information system

"One of the fastest-growing threats on the Internet is the theft of sensitive financial data" (Beard & Wen 2007). The greater the amount of sensitive financial data available online, the greater the risk for the organization. "Failure to include basic information security unwittingly creates significant business and professional risks...With the expansion of computer technology, traditional business processes have been restructured and unique internal control techniques are required to address exposure to many new dangers" (Beard & Wen 2007).

New laws have placed additional security burdens upon managers, regarding the handling of sensitive financial data. "Management's responsibilities include the documentation, testing, and assessment of internal controls, including relevant general IT controls...and appropriate application-level controls designed to ensure that financial…...

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References

Beard, Deborah & H. Joseph Wen. (2007). Reducing the threat levels for accounting information

Systems: Challenges for management, accountants, auditors, and academicians.

CPA Journal. Retrieved:  http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/2007/507/essentials/p34.htm 

Clifford, Robert. (2002). Accountant's liability. Clifford Law Firm.

security threat is a potential happening that may have an undesirable effect on the system, its resources, or the organization as a whole. Vulnerability is the weakness that makes it possible for the threat to occur. There are a number of threats that can occur on a system, and are usually grouped together since some overlap.
Errors and Omissions -- Data entry, data verification, programming bugs.

Fraud and Theft -- kimming and/or controlling access to the system for profit.

Employee (or Outside) sabotage -- Destroying information or planting viruses, stealing proprietary data or customer information, etc. (NIT, 2012).

imilarly, there are a number of losses that can occur based on threat and vulnerability; some more serious than others, and all somewhat dependent on the type of organization under analysis. For instance, a bank's security loss might be different than an academic institution's, but both are a data loss. Losses may result in: 1)…...

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Sources:

Best Practice for Computer Security. (2011). Indiana University Information Technology Services. Retrieved from:  http://kb.iu.edu/data/akln.html#polp 

Bishop, M. (2003). Computer Security: Art and Science. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

Brenner, S. (2010). Cybercrime. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.

Kassner, M. (2009, August). 10 Ways to Detect Malware. TechRepublic. Retrieved from:  http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/10things/10-ways-to-detect-computer-malware/970

Global concerns: Russia, missile shields and cyberterrorism

Thus domestic concerns such as internal instability and even energy scarcity have global repercussions that affect NATO nations. That is why, despite the end of the Cold ar, tensions between NATO member and non-member nations remain bubbling so close to the surface. It has not been forgotten by the Russian leadership that NATO was founded to address the security concerns raised by the now-defunct institutions of the Soviet Union and the arsaw Pact. Fears of 'Star ars' shield defense systems were reignited in March when Secretary General Rasmussen, warning of the "looming threat of weapons of mass destruction," made a case for a missile shield system for all NATO alliance states against "unconventional weapons and the missiles that [they] could carry…Should Iran produce intermediate- and intercontinental-range missiles…the whole of the European continent, as well as all of Russia would be in range," he stated…...

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Works Cited

Brunnstrom, David. "Missile Defense Needed Against Growing Threat, NATO Chief Says."

Reuters. March 26, 2009. May 14, 2010.

 http://www.globalsecuritynewswire.org/gsn/nw_20100326_9638.php 

Fedynsky, Peter. "NATO to Transfer Security Tasks to Afghan Government." Global Security.

Controls Reduce Security Threats
Technology is only a part of the measures it takes to produce a strong, secure information system. Well written security policies can lay the ground work and tell employees what is mandated and required to protect the information system. Remote access should be a part of the security policy to control who does what and what they are allowed to access in the system. Setting standards for the types of devices that are allowed to access the system is equally important.

"Without an effective security policy that addresses procedures, mitigation strategies, and periodic training, all other security programs will be less successful." (Welander, 2007) Technology alone will not protect the information system of the business. Employees need to be trained on the security standards that are set for the company. No matter how secure the system is, employees can let intruders in just by checking personal email or…...

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Bibliography

CompTecDoc. (n.d.). Retrieved from Security Policies:  http://www.comptechdoc.org/idependence/security/policies/security-policies.html 

Welander, P. (2007, Apr 01). 10 Control System Security Threats. Retrieved from Controleng.com:  http://ciip.wordpress.com/2009/05/25/top-10-scada-security-threats

Non-Traditional Security Threats and the EU
Theoretical Study

Terrorism

Weapons of Mass Destruction and Nuclear Threat

Regional Conflict

Organized Crime

Environmental Degradation

Non-Traditional Security Threats and the EU

Due to the discontentment with the conventional concepts of security, the research schedule based on these conventional concepts, associated theoretical debates and their impact on policy, have given rise to the idea of non-traditional security. In the present era, it is universally acknowledged that security possesses multifaceted characteristics. Growing from the components of military and political units of the days of the Cold War, it has presently come to achieve new magnitude i.e. which is composed of economic, social, environmental based and educational oriented. These are not brought together under the military characteristics of security and they encompass a whole lot, ranging from macroeconomic equilibrium to environmental based.

Non-traditional security risks like extremism or terrorist activities, weapons which lead to mass destruction, crimes which are done in an organized fashion, and…...

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Bibliography

Burgess, John. (2004) EU Taking Up Terrorism Issues: Security Officials Try to Forge Europe-Wide Response After Attacks. Washington Post Foreign Service. March 20; p. A13

Black, Ian. (2004) EU faces Nuclear Terror Threat. The Guardian. May 5. p.5

Buzan, Barry. (1991) People, States and Fear: National Security Problem in International Relations. Longman Publishers.

Desertification/Land degradation. European Environment Agency, 2001

2015, President Obama outlined a set of core national security objectives that included references to ISIL, climate change, and even social justice, all covered in the National Security Strategy. The direction the new administration takes is likely to shift some of the main national security objectives and strategies, while still addressing some of the aforementioned crucial issues. It is a futile attempt to narrow down the range of national security threats to one particular issue, as all present clear and present dangers. Some threats like terrorism and cybercrime are bound to remain ongoing and almost impossible to eliminate entirely; others like climate change, nuclear proliferation, and ISIL have the potential to be contained with the cooperation of global allies. However, one issue continues to boil beneath the surface of all other threats and only recently came to light with renewed media attention: the potential for nuclear war.
A year prior…...

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References

Clapper, James R., 2016. Statement for the Record: Worldwide Threat Assessment of the US Intelligence Community. Retrieved online:  https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/wwt2016.pdf 

McCurry, Justin, 2017. "North Korea warns 'thermonuclear war could break out at any moment' The Guardian. Retrieved online:  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/17/north-korea-war-break-out-any-moment-donald-trump-v 

President of the United States, 2016. National Security Strategy. Retrieved online: http://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015.pdf

IT Security
There are many types of IT security breaches. There's malware, ransomware, theft of sensitive information, DDoS attacks...the list goes on. The reason that these threats exist is simple -- there's money in it. ansomware is used to get quick payment from companies, and stolen information can be sold on the dark web. But what companies need to know is that most cyberattacks rely on somebody within the company making a mistake, for the criminals to get the access they need. So training is key to preventing cybercrime. This isn't something that happens randomly -- companies are often specifically targeted, with criminals focused on key vulnerabilities that can be exploited (amanan, 2015).

Slide 2: There are a few things that companies can do to prevent cybercrime. It starts with awareness at the highest levels of the company. Two reasons for this -- first off top official need to prioritize the resources…...

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References

Kaspersky Lab (2016) The threats from within. Kaspersky Lab. Retrieved December 6, 2016 from  http://go.kaspersky.com/rs/802-IJN-240/images/Threats-From-Within-EDU-Ebook%20FINAL.pdf 

Ramanan, S. (2015). Top 10 security breaches of 2015. Forbes. Retrieved December 6, 2016 from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2015/12/31/the-top-10-security-breaches-of-2015/#33dcef67694f

These different elements show the overall nature of possible threats that could be facing a variety of organizations and how to mitigate them. This is important, because given the rapid changes in technology and the way various threats could occur, requires all entities to be watchful of different situations. Where, those who implement such strategies will be able to adapt to the various challenges that they are facing in the future; by understanding the nature of the threat and how to address it. Over the course of time, this will help to keep an organization flexible in addressing the various security issues, as the approach will require everyone to remain watchful and understand new threats that could be emerging. This will prevent different weakness from being exploited, by knowing where they are and then fixing them.
ibliography

Safety, Security, and Physical Plant Systems. (n.d.)

eaver, K. (2010). Introduction to Ethical Hacking. Hacking…...

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Bibliography

Safety, Security, and Physical Plant Systems. (n.d.)

Beaver, K. (2010). Introduction to Ethical Hacking. Hacking for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. 11.

Gallagher, M (2008). Security Tools and Methods. Cyber Security. Cheltenham: Elger. 45 -- 46.

Meyers, M. (2007). Malicious Software. Mike Myers A + Guide. San Francisco, CA: McGraw Hill. 18.

Security Measures
The hotel industry has experienced the need to enhance security of guests in the recent past given the increased security threats/attacks in the modern business environment. The increased focus on enhancing security in the hotel industry has represented a major shift from the serious neglect of various security responsibilities that characterized this industry in the past. According to Fischer, Halibozek & Walters (2013), hotel managers, particularly security managers, are faced with the need to enhance their security measures because of the numerous safety concerns in this sector such as potential terrorist attacks. In light of modern security concerns, there is need to adopt a comprehensive approach towards improving hotel security. This paper provides a plan for improving hotel security during ground breaking, grand opening, and across daily operations. The discussion is based on plans to construct the newly approved John Jay Hotel on 59th Street in New York City.

Security…...

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References

Bennett, F.L. (2007). The management of construction: a project lifecycle approach. Third Avenue, NY: Taylor & Francis Group.

Fischer, R.J., Halibozek, E.P. & Walters, D.C. (2013). Introduction to security (9th ed.). Waltham, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Heibutzki, R. (n.d.). Safety and Security Tips for Hotel Management. Retrieved June 28, 2017, from  http://work.chron.com/safety-security-tips-hotel-management-7983.html 

National Counter Terrorism Security Office. (n.d.). Counter Terrorism Protective Security Advice for Hotels and Restaurants. Retrieved from Association of Chief Police Officers website:  https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/374923/Hotels_Restaurants_Reviewed.pdf

To offer an information security awareness training curriculum framework to promote consistency across government (15).

Security awareness is needed to ensure the overall security of the information infrastructure. Security awareness programs is the can help organizations communicate their security information policies, as well as tips for users, to help keep systems secure, and the practices the entire organization should be utilizing. However, as Kolb and Abdullah reiterate, "security awareness is not about training but rather designed to change employee behavior" (105).

A program concerning security awareness should work in conjunction with the information technology software and hardware JCS utilizes. In this way, it mitigates the risks and threats to the organization. Security awareness is a defensive layer to the information system's overall security structure. Although not a training program, per se, security awareness does provide education to the end users at JCS, regarding the information security threats the organization faces, and the…...

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References

"An Introduction to Computer Security: The NIST Handbook." National Institute of Standards and Technology, SP 800-12, (Oct 1995). Web. 24 Oct 2010.

Anti-virus Guidelines. The SANS Institute, 2006. Web. 24 Oct, 2010.

Culnan, M., Foxman, E., & Ray, A. "Why IT Executives Should Help Employees Secure their Home Computers." MIS Quarterly Executive 7.1 (2008): 49-56. Print.

Desktop Security Policies. The SANS Institute, 2006. Web. 24 Oct, 2010.

The most appropriate products that could be used by MMC to achieve this objective would be: IP San and a Snap Lock. An IP San is a fiber optic channel that can provide secure real time data to each location. Where, software and security applications can be adapted to the current system that is being used. The Snap Lock is: a security software that can be used to provide an effective way for each location to retrieve, update and change information.
Support for why these procedures and products are the optimal approach for this organization

The reason why these different procedures and products were selected was: to reduce the overall risk exposure of the company's external threats. The current system that is being used by MMC increases risks dramatically, by having a number of different systems, where financial information is stored. If any one of these systems is vulnerable, there is…...

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Bibliography

IP San (2010). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from Net App website:  http://www.netapp.com/us/products/protocols/ip-san/ip-san.html 

Snap Lock Compliance and Snap Lock Enterprise Software. (2010). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from Net App website:  http://www.netapp.com/us/products/protection-software/snaplock.html 

Mason, J. (2010). How to Bullet Proof Your DR Plan. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from Net App website:  http://www.netapp.com/us/communities/tech-ontap/tot-data-recovery-plan-0908.html

Security Plan: Pixel Inc.
About Pixel Inc.

We are a 100-person strong business dedicated to the production of media, most specifically short animations, for advertising clients worldwide. Our personnel include marketing specialists, visual designers, video editors, and other creative staff.

This security plan encompasses the general and pragmatic characteristics of the security risks expected for our business and the specific actions that aim to, first and foremost, minimize such risks, and, if that's not possible, mitigate any damage should a breach in security happen.

Scope

The measures to be taken and the assigned responsibilities stated in this document apply to all the departments that make up the company. Exemptions can be given but will be only under the prerogative of the CEO under the consultation of the Chief Security Officer that will be formally assigned after the finalization of this document. Otherwise, there will be no exception to the security measures stated in this document.

Section…...

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Bibliography

Internet Securit Alliance. (2004). Common sense guide to cyber security for small businesses. Retrieved from:  http://www.ready.gov/business/_downloads/CSG-small-business.pdf .

Microsoft. (2004). Step-by-step guide to securing Windows XP Professional in Small Businesses. Retrieved from:  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=9faba6ed-2e9c-44f9-bc50-d43d57e17078 .

Noriega, L. (24 May 2011). Seven Cyber Security Basics Every Small Business Needs. Retrieved from:  http://www.openforum.com/articles/7-cyber-security-basics-every-small-business-needs .

Teixeira, R. (4 June 2007). Top Five Small Business Internet Securit Threats. Retrieved from:  http://smallbiztrends.com/2007/06/top-five-small-business-internet-security-threats.html .

This researcher rejects the existence of online communities because computer mediated group discussions cannot possibly meet this definition. Weinreich's view is that anyone with even a basic knowledge of sociology understands that information exchange in no way constitutes a community.
For a cyber-place with an associated computer mediated group to be labeled as a virtual settlement it is necessary for it to meet a minimum set of conditions. These are: (1) a minimum level of interactivity; (2) a variety of communicators; (3) a minimum level of sustained membership; and (4) a virtual common-public-space where a significant portion of interactive computer mediated groups occur (Weinreich, 1997). The notion of interactivity will be shown to be central to virtual settlements. Further, it will be shown that virtual settlements can be defined as a cyber-place that is symbolically delineated by topic of interest and within which a significant proportion of interrelated interactive computer…...

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Bibliography

Al-Saggaf, Y. & Williamson, K. Online Communities in Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the Impact on Culture Through Online Semi-Structured Interviews. Volume 5,

No. 3, Art. 24 - September 2004

AnchorDesk Staff. (2000). Sign of Trouble: The Problem with E-Signatures.

Retrieved April 9, 2005, from ZDNet AnchorDesk Web site: zdnet.com.com/AnchorDesk/4630-6033_4204767.html?tag=printhttp://reivews-

Security
Uncertainty in regards to individual activities within a large student population is always a cause for concern. It is difficult to govern or even deter the questionable activities of a predominately young student population. This problem is exacerbated due to the rebellious nature of young students in regards to politics, social interactions, student programing and more. Public news often comes from universities with questionable activities such as fraternity hazing, supporting controversial leaders, and more. This behavior is what makes a university campus and atmosphere so unique relative to other educational venues. The university can foster these activities while being sensitive to others personal beliefs. Unforeseen circumstances are common place however on university campuses with such unique activities, beliefs, and behaviors. The magnitude and scope of these incidents often varies. As such, proper training is essential in alleviating the concerns garnered by unforeseen circumstances (Bruce, 2009).

To begin, it is very important…...

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References:

1) Bruce Schneier, (2009) Beyond Fear: Thinking Sensibly about Security in an Uncertain World, Copernicus Books, pages 6-27

2) OSPA. "The Operations Security Professional's Association- OPSEC Training, tools and Awareness." Opsecprofessionals.org. Retrieved 2013-05-30.

Security and Baseline Anomalies
Base lining is the performance of measuring and evaluation the presentation of a network in instantaneous situations. Provision of a network baseline calls for quizzing and reporting of physical connectivity, throughout the range of network usage. Such in-detailed network scrutiny is required in identifying problems associated with speed, accessibility, and finding vulnerabilities within the network. Predefined security settings are put in place to manage large security networks. These settings can be applied on a number of similar computers in a network. Settings and templates helps to reduce the occurrence of errors and omissions and this also helps in securing the servers.

How to obtain a baseline system

A baseline system of network behavior can be obtained through sub-netting a network. This entails dividing a network into smaller networks through a series of routers. Routers help to improve the security of the sub-nets by regulating the users within the network…...

1. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Cybersecurity Measures
2. Ethical Hacking: Balancing Privacy and Security in the Digital Age
3. The Implications of Cybersecurity Breaches on National Security
4. Cybersecurity Threats and Challenges in the Healthcare Industry
5. The Impact of Cybercrime on Small Businesses and Ways to Mitigate Risks
6. Cybersecurity and the Internet of Things: Risks and Solutions
7. The Role of Government and Law Enforcement Agencies in Preventing Cybercrimes
8. Cybersecurity in the Age of Remote Work: Challenges and Best Practices
9. Cybersecurity Awareness and Education: Filling the Gap in Digital Literacy
10. Cybersecurity Regulations and Compliance: Balancing Security and Innovation
....

1. The importance of data governance in healthcare IT systems.
2. The role of data governance in ensuring patient privacy and confidentiality in health IT.
3. Challenges and solutions in implementing effective data governance strategies in healthcare organizations.
4. The impact of data governance on improving healthcare outcomes and patient care.
5. The role of data governance in ensuring data quality and integrity in health IT systems.
6. Ethical considerations in data governance for health IT data.
7. The role of data governance in facilitating interoperability and data sharing in healthcare.
8. The impact of data governance on healthcare analytics and predictive modeling.
9. Strategies for building a....

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2. The Importance of Preparing a Crisis Management Plan
3. Case Study: Successfully Managing a Crisis in a Business or Organization
4. Crisis Management in the Digital Age: How Social Media Impacts Response
5. Ethical Considerations in Crisis Management
6. The Psychological Impact of Crisis on Individuals and Organizations
7. Lessons Learned from Failed Crisis Management Strategies
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Essay Topics on Global South in International Security

1. The Role of the Global South in Shaping the Global Security Agenda

How is the Global South challenging traditional security norms and practices?
What are the key security priorities of the Global South and how are they being addressed?
To what extent do Global South states cooperate and coordinate on security issues?

2. Security Challenges and Responses in the Global South

How does poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation contribute to security challenges in the Global South?
What are the specific security threats faced by states in the Global South, such as terrorism, insurgencies,....