Russian & Chinese Intelligence
PRC & RUSSION INTELLIGENCE: Any reviewer of the intelligence structures of Russia and the People's Republic of China can see that size and complexity still matter. They each have intensive and comprehensive structural forces with targeted elements designed to achieve certain aims. While it is likely that each has grown with an eye toward the other, often it is said that the Chinese Ministry of State Security (which came into being in 1983) mirrors the Russian structure that formally came into being in 1995 but that is grounded on past KG activities and methods.

The following are brief overviews of the Chinese MSS[footnoteRef:1] and the Russian FS[footnoteRef:2], which is the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. The summaries provide a foundation for seeing the similarities and the differences and suggest why the Chinese version is probably more profitable for them in the long run. [1: Global Security,…...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Cooper, D.M. How China Steals U.S. Military Secrets. Popular Mechanics. July 10, 2009.   (accessed December 14, 2011).http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/military/news/3319656?do=print 

Global Security, Ministry of State Security. GlobalSecurity.org.   (accessed December 14, 2011).http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/china/mss.htm 

Russian Statutes. Text of Statute on Federal Security Service of Russian Federation and Structure of Federal Security Service Agencies. Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 15 August 2003.   (accessed on December 14, 2011). 1-15.http://www.fas.org/irp/world/russia/fsb/statute.html 

Starr, R.F. And Tacosa, C.A. Russia's Security Services. Mediterranean Quarterly. Winter 2004. 39-57.

ussian Tobacco
Health Promotion Plan: educing Tobacco Use Amongst Members of the ussian-American Culture

ussian Cultural Synopsis

There are several unique or otherwise noteworthy practices in the ussian culture that could have an impact on areas of health. Consumption practices tend towards the extreme, with food and drink supplied amply for guests and families alike, resources permitting, and with the extending of hospitality a common and expected practice in the culture (ies, 2012). Families tend to live together, with multiple generations occupying the same home, though quarters are far less cramped in the United States than they are for ussians still living in their native country, and family influence when it comes to all forms of consumption as well as other behaviors and practices is quite strong (ies, 2012). At the same time, independence and spontaneity are often observed in the decisions and behaviors made by members of the ussian culture, which can…...

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References

Duncan, L., Simmons, M. (1996). Health Practices Among Russian and Ukrainian Immigrants. Journal of Community Health Nursing 13(2)

Mead, M., Rickman, J. & Gorer, G. (2001). Russian Culture. New York: Begrhan Books.

Ries, N. (2012). Russia. Accessed 21 February 2012.  http://www.everyculture.com/No-Sa/Russia.html#b 

THC. (2001). Introduction to Health Promotion Program Planning. Accessed 21 February 2012.  http://www.thcu.ca/infoandresources/publications/Planning.wkbk.content.apr01.format.oct06.pdf

Russian Orthodox Religion
The Russian Orthodox Church has been through many evolutions and challenges along the way to being more than a thousand years old. The Church originally emerged from a pagan society and was greatly influenced by existing Christian beliefs from other regions. This paper reviews the changes that the Church has gone through -- including the attacks on its beliefs and buildings and its monasteries by the Bolsheviks, who advanced the strict atheistic philosophy that communism promoted at that time.

The Founding of the Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church is believed to be over a thousand years old; author Alexander Negrov offers that as an approximate time frame, explaining that Christianity was first introduced to this "pagan Slavic nation" in the tenth century (Siebeck, 2008, p. 25). hat helped to bring Christianity to "Old Russia" was that fact that among her neighbors was the Byzantine Empire, Negrov explains. And…...

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Works Cited

Keller, B. (1988). Gorbachev Sees Church Leaders, Vows Tolerance. The New York Times.

Retrieved October 28, 2013, from  http://www.nytimes.com .

Kengor, P. (2008). The War on Religion. Global Museum on Communism. Retrieved October

26, 2013, from http://www.globalmuseumoncommunism.org.

ussian Organized Crime in America
The fall of Soviet Union worked as a catalyst for the spread of crimes throughout the world. Not only the countries connected to the ussia are vulnerable to "ussian Mafia," but entire world is facing the threat of criminal activities originating from ussia. Crimes like human trafficking, money laundering, trading stolen automobiles, arms and ammunition, and drug trafficking are among the major activities, which is being done by ussian organized crime. Europe, being closest to ussian border, is the most affected region, however, Israel and United States are affected too as these countries have the highest number of ussian immigrants. Hence, it can be stated that no place in the world is immune of ussian Mafia. This paper would try to shed light on the ussian organized crime, who are known as ussian Mafia? What do they do? How they engage and expand their criminal network?…...

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References

Cockburn, P. (2000). Gang Shoots Dead Businessman Who Confronted Mafia. Independent Newspapers, U.K.

Finckenauer, J.O. (2007). Russian Organized Crime In The United States. United Nations Activities, International Center, National Institute of Justice.

Finckenauer, J.O. And Warring, E.J. (1998). Russian Mafia in America. Boston: Northeastern University Press.

Finckenauer, J.O. And Voronin, Y.A. (2001). The Threat of Russian Organized Crime. Issues in International Crime. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.

Russian Revolution Sheila Fitzptrick
Author's riting Style and Book Organization

Author Point-of-View

Sheila Fitzptrick is a well-known writer who has written more than ten books on modern Russian society and its history. 'Russian Revolution' is one of her recent books. This paper will highlight some of the facts in relation to the October Revolution in Russia as highlighted in a more opinionated manner by the author.

Author's riting Style and Book Organization

There is no doubt about the fact that the 'Russian Revolution' is a great example of the immense writing talents that Sheila Fitzptrick has. The level of interest that the book attracts can be defined by the immensely skilled writing technique used by the author herself. The book, which can be more defined as being a slim volume, is a great example of a thought provoking book that compels its readers to analyze and imagine the events given in the book. More importantly,…...

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Work Cited

Fitzpatrick, Sheila. The Russian Revolution. Edition 3. Oxford University Press, 2008.

Russian Constructivism artistic and architectural movement arose in Russia after the Revolution of 1917. The Revolution set the stage for one of the most remarkable transformations of artistic theory in the history of art. The Constructionist form was born from many artists such as Rodchenko who were in pursuit of a much more innovative approach to art. The Constructivists strived to produce bold work in painting, sculpture, photography and architecture through the use of new mediums. The Constructivists abandoned traditional medium and embraced influences from the progressive and technologically advanced industrial society after the revolution. The movement called for the artists' direct involvement in industrial production and thus the construction of a new society after the Revolutions.
Artists of this time tried to apply the laws of "pure" art to objects of utilitarian purpose and mass consumption, and to "build a bridge" between art and the new "savior" of the people…...

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Works Cited

Curotto, Alberto. Malevich. Great Modern Masters. New York: Harry N. Abrams Publishers, 1995.

Dabrowski, Magdalena, Dickerman, Leah & Galassi, Peter. Aleksandr Rodchenko. New York: The Modern Museum of Art, 1998.

Gray, Camilla. The Russian Experiment in Art 1863-1922. Revised by Marian Burleigh-Motley. London: Thames and Hudson, 1986.

Overy, Paul. De Stijl. London: Thames & Hudson, 1991.

Russian History
The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict that occurred between Russia and Japan during the years 1904-1905. In this conflict, Japan and Russia battled over control and territorial dominance among the Asian countries that are strategically situated in areas where both countries (Japan and Russia) can easily expand their power. The origin of the war started with the failure of Japan to secure an agreement with Russia, wherein the latter should recognize Japan as one of the 'occupants' or conquerors of Korea, while Japan will also recognize Russia's territorial control over Manchuria (in China). Because of Russia's refusal and vested interest to increase its territorial powers over Asia, Japan launched an attack against Russia on February 8, 1904, which marked the start of the Russo-Japanese War.

Despite Russia's superior weaponry and military forces, Japan was able to win the war. The Russo-Japanese War was a very significant event, which marked Japan's…...

Russian History
As the president of the Russian Federation, I am faced with the challenge of building a strong, vibrant nation from the ashes of our Communist past. Our nation today struggles economically, politically, and socially. e must rebuild the stability and power of the Russian Federation through creating a strong economy, social climate, and political structure. I seek a path for Russia that is truly Russian, and based on the example of Russia's past glory under the rule of Lenin and the mighty Czars.

Today, the Russian Federation is almost 144 million people strong, and stretches from the Arctic Ocean, Europe to the North Pacific Ocean. e are the largest country in the world, with a literacy rate of over 99%, and rich in Oil, natural gas, metals, and timber (The orld Factbook). Our past is one of great history of powerful Czars and great empires. e would do well to…...

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Works Cited

The World FactBook. Russia. 05 July 2004.  http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/rs.html 

St. Petersburg Times. face-to-face with the Czars. 05 July 2004. http://www2.sptimes.com/Treasures/TC.2.3.html

The New York Public Library. Russia Engages the World. 05 July 2004.  http://russia.nypl.org/home.html 

Wikipedia. History of Russia. 05 July 2004.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Russia

Through an illogical narration, the postmodern Russian writers, including Sorokin,

emerged out of the "underground," shaped a world out of nonsense, where the never ceasing sequence of parodies, arranged in progression, projects man's knowledge of the world at the limit of "reason" and language. This new "absurd" model of conceptualization of the world offers the means for analyzing the many breaks and discontinuities which characterize Sorokin's literary texts.

Socialist realism was the official state art style in Russia as late as 1991. (Socialist realism, 2009) Therefore, censorship was a fact of life for artists since the purpose of Socialist realism was to elevate the common worker by presenting his or her work as admirable.(Socialist realism, 2009) the Next Item on the Agenda utilizes this style to the extreme by using Piskunov as the "common worker" and how he overcomes the attacks from the committee which is clearly not the real purpose of…...

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Bibliography

Hoffman, David (2002, July 11) in Russia, a Literary Spring; After Decade of Uncertainty,

Writers Are Again Popular -- and Controversial, the Washington Post; Jul 12, 2002;

A.14;

Kimmelman, Michael (2007, December1) Putin's Last Realm to Conquer:Russian Culture, the New York Times, Dec 1, 2007 Retrieved February 26, 2010 from nytimes.com  http://www.nytimes.com /2007/12/01/arts/01abroad.html?_r=1&pagewanted=2

Russian History
This work will first address the idea that the Russian Revolution of 1917 was inevitable given the charged events that had occurred in and around Russia preceding the event and then it will go on to look at the issue from the opposite angle, describing ways in which it might have never happened. Given the extreme nature of the events and the almost unavoidable idea that the way history has occurred is the only way it could have, in hindsight, there is a need to better understand the concept from a what happened, and what could have happened, standpoint. It is also an accepted fact that understanding Russia is impossible without a clear understanding of her history, both as a Soviet state and as an empirical power. Change was inevitable, but was the Russian Revolution of 1917?

The Russian Revolution of 1917 began as almost all other revolutions do, at…...

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Works Cited

Gunther, John. Meet Soviet Russia: Book One Land, People, Sights, New York:

Harper & Row, 1962.

Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. A History of Russia: 6th Edition, New York: Oxford Press, 1999.

Read, Christopher. From Tsar to Soviets The Russian People and Their Revolution, 1917-21. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

A scholar cannot only look at society with the eye upon the concerns of the Russian intelligentsia, which did indeed breathe a collective sign of relief after withstanding the Great Purge of the late 1930s, Stalin's "Doctor's Plot," and other acts of paranoia. (Fitzgerald, pp.135-161) but many of Stalin's inefficient economic schemes, such as running the economy as a series of five-year plans were retained. One cannot easily separate economic from political growth and development. Finally, under the leadership of Brezhnev, Russian Communist society came to a virtual standstill, leading to its collapse as a viable economic system in 1989. For more than thirty years, the land experienced, rather than growth or use of its considerable natural and human resources, a period of long-term stagnation. During this time, most ordinary Russians had little hope for their futures, that the lives of their children would be better than their current…...

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Works Cited

Fitzpatrick, Sheila. The Russian Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Hosking Geoffrey, the First Socialist Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.

Moynahan, Brian, the Russian Century. New York: Random House, 1994.

The Revolutions of both France and Russia had many waves and stages. In France, the election and then disappointment of the third estate led to actual bloody revolution and then a series of regimes including the infamous Napoleonic leadership. Russia endured several waves of revolution, too, beginning notably with the failed revolution of 1905. In his famous work The History of the Russian Revolution, Leon Trotsky discussed the nature of revolution itself. He said, "A Revolution takes place only when there is no other way out. And the insurrection, which rises above a revolution like a peak in the mountain's chain of events, can be no more evoked at will than the revolution as a whole. The masses advance and retreat several times before they make up their minds to the final assault" (Kreis 1). His comments about revolution are especially apt because he notes the rise of fall of…...

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Works Cited

Gershoy, Leo. The French Revolution and Napoleon. New York: Meredith

Publishing Company, 1964.

Hooker, Richard. "Radical Revolutions." World Civilizations, 1996.

A www.wsu.edu:8000/~dee/radical.htm,5/22/06

"Allied intervention was of dubious value: foreign arms and supplies aided the hites, but were insufficient to insure victory and let the Reds pose as defenders of Mother Russia. Bolshevik propaganda portrayed hite generals (wrongly) as reactionary tools of estern imperialism, and (more correctly) as aiming to restore the landlords. Conversely, the Reds possessed able leadership, a disciplined party, clever propaganda, and a flexible policy of national self-determination. The Red Army had central positions, better discipline, and numerical superiority" (Rempel 2009)
The hites opposed the Reds, but did not really provide a coherent, singular ideological rallying point to marshal support in opposition to Lenin. Furthermore, the nationalist revolts in the provinces, although anti-Leninist, were by definition regional rather than cohesive in nature, and caused many ethnic Russians to support the Reds. Eventually, "The Bolsheviks gradually reasserted military and political control over the tsarist borderlands, except for Poland, Finland, and the…...

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Works Cited

Rempel, Gerhard. The Russian Civil War. Western New England College. July 5, 2009.

http://mars.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/russia/lectures/28civilwar.html

hat make both works similar are the attitudes of the main characters: Zhivago and Shukhov each attempt to make the most of what fate and history have to deal them, although both experience decidedly unfavorable fates. "Shukhov is a 'simple heart,' a beloved type in Russian literature from Turgenev to Tolstoy." (Slonim, 333). Solzhenitsyn's character simplistically seeks out the small and minimal pleasures to be found in his deplorable condition. Although the character portrayed was not deemed challenging to Russian authority, the conditions that Solzhenitsyn matter-of-factly depicts eventually came under scrutiny.
Switches in policy and practice have meant that some authors have their work published both openly and as samizdat literature, or that sometimes samizdats become public. Particularly from 1966, when more effective controls were imposed after Khrushchev's 'thaw,' there was a proliferation of samizdats." (Shaw, 120). This has become the case with both Pasternak and Solzhenitsyn's writings. For instance,…...

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Works Cited

Fader, Kim Brown. Russia: Modern Nations of the World. San Diego: Lucent, 1998.

Hosking, Geoffrey. Russia and the Russians. Cambridge: Harvard University, 2001.

Shaw, Warren and David Pryce. The World Almanac of the Soviet Union. New York: Library of Congress, 1990.

Slonim, Marc. Soviet Russian Literature. New York: Oxford University, 1964.

And Capitalist Exploitation."
A modern version of Gogol's the Overcoat, doesn't allow the reader a minute's rest or contemplation regarding life -- it simply is dour, counterproductive, non-actualizing. Yet -- one still holds out that the man-v-man, and/or man-v-universe may only last 2-3 more months. Akaky is not a "hard-nosed revolutionary communist worker." it's getting cold, so he saves over 500 rubles to purchase a "Good Quality Soviet made Coat." The coat, sad to say, turns out to be part of the Black Market. He is afforded a few moments of stardom as he comes into the office and all view his wonderful coat; but then it is stolen and Akaky finds himself in the system -- where did you get it, etc. and, as a symbol, shows that without this material "good" he cannot attain happiness.

There are also dual themes in this -- the man vs. society -- society…...

Operation Anaconda was, at the time, the largest combat operation in Afghanistan as part of the War on Terrorism that was declared after the 9-11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.  It was launched on March 2, 2002.  Major General F.L. Hagenback, the commander of the U.S. Army 10^th Mountain Division, was responsible for leading an offensive attack on al-Qaeda and Taliban forces that were located in the Shahi-Kot Valley/ Arma Mountain region near Zormat in Afghanistan.  It was the first major battle after the Battle of Tora Bora and was the first battle to feature American....

We would start this essay by looking at the Department of State’s list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.  Looking at that list is a great way to identify transnational terrorist groups.  Working from those groups, you could the identify a transnational group that is linked to a domestic terrorist group.  The County Reports on Terrorism also reveal how international terrorist groups work and can provide some insight into their ties to domestic organizations.  Working this way may be important for the integrity of your research because the designation of groups as domestic terrorist groups changed....

Dueling Protagonists: Exploring the Roles of Napoleon and Snowball in Animal Farm

Generally, the protagonist of a story is its main character and the center of the action.  Many people think of protagonists as the heroes of the story, but that is not always the case.  Villains can also be the protagonist of stories, and it is common for the protagonists of the story to view themselves very differently from how the story’s other characters would view them.  In Animal Farm, it is difficult to identify a single protagonist because both Snowball and Napoleon play a protagonist....

While the concept of a bathing culture may be most strongly associated with the Romans at the time of the Roman Empire, many cultures have placed social, economic, and personal emphasis on bathing in a way that makes the practice as much about culture as it is about hygiene.  Historically, cultures had very different approaches to bathing, with some ancient cultures considering baths dangerous, while others considered them almost sacred.  Even in modern times, cultures take different approaches to the concept of bathing.

You can see the influence of nature on Japanese bathing tradition, which sets it apart....