True experimental studies tend to have a strong internal validity because everything is manipulated and controlled by the researcher. Also, the randomization of the assignment of participants to the experimental and control groups eliminate many threats to internal validity.
Essay Question Three:
Operationalization can be a complex process. However simply put, operationalization is used to turn undefined, immeasurable variables into defined and measurable ones. For example, if a researcher developed a hypothesis that people who listen regularly to political talk radio tend to be less trusting of the federal government, several variables would need to be operationalized. First, the term "regularly" would need to be defined. Does regularly mean two times a week, four times a week, or seven times a week?
The next variable that would need to be operationalized would be "political talk radio." Would this term be limited to certain personalities such as Limbaugh or Beck? Or would it…...
They can then use this information when not in a group setting and apply it to other courses or experiences in life where they are charged with the task of comprehending reading materials.
Pearson, David. (2002) Handbook of reading research Vol 1. Westport: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.
The authors created this book as a reference trade book that provides educators with information on the history of reading as well as information on reading research. The objective is to provide the classroom teacher with multiple strategies and methods they can use to promote reading for beginning readers that are at grade level, below grade level and beyond grade level. The first part of the work provides "how to" advice according to the authors, noting specific elements educators must consider while they plan to implement various reading strategies in the classroom. The next section of the work talks about basic processes in reading, which include…...
Oganisational Psychology
This chapte eviews the liteatue and eseach outcomes within which the cuent eseach is located. It identifies the theoy cuently in use and sets the theoetical context fo the study.
Emotions and feelings shape and lubicate social tansactions and in this way emotions contibute to, and eflect, the stuctue and cultue of oganizations. Ode and contol, the vey essence of the 'oganization' of wok, concen what people 'do' with thei feelings (Fineman, 1993). Emotions suffuse all significant aspects of an individual's expeience, including all meaningful objects, activities and elations, and undelie vitually the entie edifice efeed to as cultue (Fineman, 1993). Yet it is difficult to find much evidence of the impotance of emotions in oganizational theoy.
Emotion influences the occuence and couse of altuism, ceativity, leaning and memoy, social peception and inteaction, social compaison, esouce allocation, self-evaluation, moal easoning, attaction and liking, attibutions and expectations, judgement and decision making, self-egulation…...
mlareferences and no connection between the two.
However, this broad criterion (what broad criterion?) is not without its difficulties states Kantrowitz (2001). For example, adaptation encompasses a temporal perspective such that what may be effective in regulating emotions in the short run may be maladaptive in the long run or over the course of a career (Kantrowitz, 2001). Indeed, in many instances, regulation strategies that reduce immediate emotional distress, such as drinking alcohol or work withdrawal, come at a significant longer-term cost. Changing one's job to reduce felt anger toward a co-worker or boss may be adaptive in the sense of reducing immediate emotional distress, but maladaptive in the long run if the factors that evoked the anger are present in future jobs On the other hand, situational modification by an employee who changes a job to reduce feelings of job disappointment represents a potentially adaptive emotion regulation strategy in its potential for reducing emotion and enhancing long-term career goals
From an employer's point-of-view, the primary criterion for evaluating effective emotion regulation is often the extent of an employee's conformance to organizational norms for the nondisplay of what is deemed inappropriate (largely negative) emotion related behaviours, such as fear, anxiety, guilt and anger (Kantrowitz, 2001). Personal criteria for adaptive functioning and behaviourally-based organizational criteria have substantial overlap. Kantrowitz (2001) believes that it is nonetheless not difficult to identify circumstances when organizational goals related to the regulation of emotion-related behaviours may conflict with employee goals. Survivors of organizational downsizing who cope with fear of job loss by avoiding discussion of the topic with supervisors, for example, may behave in accord with organizational norms but experience personally maladaptive emotions
In the workplace, organizational concerns for the appropriate display of emotion-related behaviours have led to the development of procedures specifically designed to influence the expression of emotions and emotion related behaviours (Kantrowitz, 2001). Organizational researchers have devoted substantial effort to identifying the characteristics of jobs, organizational procedures, and norms that contribute to the evocation of positive and negative emotions (Larsen 2000). Similarly, in the career literature, a number of researchers (such as who and where is their research to be found?) have identified key career events associated with emotional functioning
Organisational regulation strategies
Review: Chicago (2002)
he long-running and successful theatre piece Chicago was moved to the big screen in 2002 with a lavish and high-budget production that indulged in the work's color, flash and musical excess. his would widely be considered one of the most successful film adaptations of a stage musical to yet be released. Indeed, it would receive wide critical acclaim, winning the Best Picture Oscar that year and experiencing considerable profitability.
And from the perspective of a musical, the film would be extremely effective in simultaneously remaining on point and delivering an aural experience that is fun and properly fitted. he setting of the film, in Jazz Age Chicago, offers not just the opportunity to explore the burgeoning celebrity and metropolitan cultures of America, but also the opportunity to ground the show's songwriting into a certain milieu. he brassy vaudevillian sound of the era, the sultry and troublesome female vocal performance…...
mlaThe long-running and successful theatre piece Chicago was moved to the big screen in 2002 with a lavish and high-budget production that indulged in the work's color, flash and musical excess. This would widely be considered one of the most successful film adaptations of a stage musical to yet be released. Indeed, it would receive wide critical acclaim, winning the Best Picture Oscar that year and experiencing considerable profitability.
And from the perspective of a musical, the film would be extremely effective in simultaneously remaining on point and delivering an aural experience that is fun and properly fitted. The setting of the film, in Jazz Age Chicago, offers not just the opportunity to explore the burgeoning celebrity and metropolitan cultures of America, but also the opportunity to ground the show's songwriting into a certain milieu. The brassy vaudevillian sound of the era, the sultry and troublesome female vocal performance and the proclivity toward occasional pratfall all were readily appealed to in the script and production numbers. The opportunities available to the filmmakers in the historical context of the story would be effectively exploited in the musical.
In this regard, Chicago excels where so many modern musicals have failed. The difficult adaptation to film often places a considerable demand on filmmakers to bridge the gap between plausible film acting and bearable singing or dancing. With the general exception of Richard Gere, who is dead wood on film as per usual, the players in this film comfortably straddle the line of acting and theatrical performance with the same enthusiasm as permeates the screenplay itself. Underscored by intriguing themes of a culture sick with celebrity worship and a morality corrupted by selfish materialism, Chicago is purposefully playful.
Secondary Data Review: Customer Retention in Other Organizations
The current business problem confronted by the real-world business organization in question is that of customer retention. Even after customers eagerly enter the office, brought through the door by a competent sales staff, the manner of the operations staff does not increase the customer loyalty because it provides a poor sense of customer satisfaction.
How does one increase the rate of customer retention? As noted in the article, "Delighting the customer," the Chief Executive of Norwest Company, noted that "interestingly enough - and this may be heresy - but we don't find focusing on customers per se the key to success. The key to developing loyal customers is our front-line employees. There is a one-to-one relationship between the satisfaction, the pride, the attitude of our front-line employees, and the satisfaction, loyalty, and good feelings for Norwest to our customers. So you only have to…...
mlaWorks Cited
Dolan, J.P.(Jun 1997) "Delighting the customer." Chief Executive. Retrived 6 Feb 2005 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4070/is_n124/ai_19694512/pg_4
Evans, Maggie. (Oct 2002) "Holy grail or wild loose chase? The reputation of Customer Relationship Management may be tarnished but customer retention remains an essential ingredient of every successful enterprise." Communicate. Retrived 6 Feb 2005 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BKU/is_2002_Oct/ai_94537595
Hughes, Arthur Middleton. (19 May 1999) "Agents of change." Travelers Property Casualty Company Direct Journal. Retrived 6 Feb 2005 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3815/is_7_11/ai_54829205
Reichheld, Frederick. (Sept 2001) Loyally boosts productivity, customer retention, and is even more important in hard times." Work and Family Journal. Retrived 6 Feb 2005 at http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IJN/is_2001_Sept/ai_78359256
The very notion that romantic and other social relationships may affect the cognitive development in infants from the beginnings of their life suggest parents should take courses or classes in social relationships skills more so than parenting or well baby classes to ensure their babies mature cognitively and not just physically.
4. An important environmental impact on the health of individuals from a social psychology perspective is the environment of the school or workplace and the environment at home. As most people mature they spend more time on average either at school or working, whether at a job or as part of their community. This environment can lead to good health or poor health depending on the number of stressors the environment presents to the individual in the environment. For example, a child growing up in a cultural environment that teaches exclusions and segregation may suffer from poor health when…...
mlaReferences
Beckwith, L. (1972, Jun). Relationships between infants' social behavior and their mothers' behavior. Child Development, 43(2): 397-411.
CDC. (2006), Homicides and suicides - national violent death reporting system, United
States, JAMA, 296: 506-09.
Festinger, L. & Carlsmith, J.M. (1959), Cognitive consequences of forced compliance.
it's intended to show them show the locations of provincial protected areas, highlight individual parks by the use of inset maps, and list the facilities available in the parks. Appropriately, there is a separate map for each province with parks highligted in green. As such, the maps do an excellent job of showing the geographic details such as highways, cities and airports in the provinces, but the information that one would expect for the parks is very sparse. This is an issue since the visitor is supposed to be able to obtain a list the facilities available in the parks. Due to this issue, the maps are much more useful as a provincial map rather than a park map. Further, the use of pink for areas surrounding the park is a bit confusing and a little hard on the eyes. Also, the legend's text for describing the symbols used…...
mlaReferences
Shoreline change history of Louisiana's Gulf shorelines: 1800s to 2005. Retrieved from http://www.esri.com/mapmuseum/mapbook_gallery/volume23/environmental1.html
The soldiers attack the students, spawning white on black violence, and even black on black violence. Thus, the intended audience of the film is somewhat difficult to determine. On one hand, "Sarafina" is not a purely educational film about apartheid, as the filmmakers seem to assume a certain basic familiarity with the issue on the part of the audience. The film is told from the black perspective, and clearly shows apartheid as evil. However, it also unsparingly shows the violent methods often used by the desperate black populace as well as the unjust actions of the government.
Furthermore, Sarafina's teacher is not particularly wise, as she foolishly offers to hide a gun, even though she knows she is likely to be caught. Therefore the film is not about the inspirational power of education. The film juxtaposes inspirational images of students engaging in political activism with images of violence that can…...
mlaWorks Cited
Sarafina." 1992. Directed by Darrell James Roodt.
resource allocation and reviews the benefits and challenges of resource scheduling.
The project manager is responsible for systematically taking action to facilitate a successful project outcome. The benefits of effective project management include identifying functional responsibilities and time limits for scheduling as well as early detection of problems (Murphy & Ledwith, 2007). To help accomplish these tasks, the project manager uses resource scheduling.
The process of resource scheduling is necessary to provide insight into how a project should be managed. Peak demand for resources can exceed availability or there can be a mismatch between resource availability and the project schedule. hen these conditions occur, resource scheduling can help to resolve constraint issues. Resource scheduling provides a means of smoothing demand for resources as well as staying within given limits. Depending on the project, resource scheduling may be achieved without putting the project completion date in jeopardy; in other cases, resource scheduling…...
mlaWorks Cited
Chapman, J.R. (1997). Project schedule estimating. Retrieved January 6, 2012 from: http://www.hyperthot.com/pm_sked.htm
Hendrickson, C., & Au, T. (1989). Project management for construction: fundamental concepts for owners, engineers, architects and builders. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
Larson, E.W., & Gray, C.F. (2011). Project management: The managerial process (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Murphy, A. & Ledwith, A. (2007). Project management tools and techniques in high-technology SMEs. Management Research News, 30(2) 153-166. doi: 10.1108/01409170710722973
This sub-category offers a more focused look at how to plan for this particular type of disaster. series of links, divided as "Info for the General Public" and "Info for Professionals" offer step-by-step recommendations on how to behave in the event of a terrorist bombing or other such catastrophic event. dvice includes steps to be taken in advance of a suspected bombing, steps to be taken following such an incident and how best to address injuries related to the event. This subdivision helps to illuminate the usefulness of the portal described above.
WHO-Bioterrorism: http://www.who.int/topics/bioterrorism/en/
ccording to the link, "This page is not available in English." This significantly limits the ability of the primary English speaker to review the website. This is a major strike against the quality of the site in question.
Biodefence and Bioterrorism: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/biodefenseandbioterrorism.html
The present source, provided by the National Institutes of Health, offers a basic definition of bioterrorism…...
mlaAccording to the link, "This page is not available in English." This significantly limits the ability of the primary English speaker to review the website. This is a major strike against the quality of the site in question.
Biodefence and Bioterrorism: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/biodefenseandbioterrorism.html
The present source, provided by the National Institutes of Health, offers a basic definition of bioterrorism and identifies some of the strategies in place to prevent a deadly biological attack or to limit the destructiveness of any such attack. Among the more useful features found on this portal are links to related areas of concern such as 'immunization', 'infectious diseases' and 'environmental health.' Other links lead to 'overviews,' 'latest news' and 'treatment,' as well as article regarding 'clinical trials,' 'research' and 'directories.' On the large part, the portal suffers from a nondescript approach which simply lists one link after another with no sense of appealing to user organization. The result is a rather dry and imposing resource.
DePaul University Irwin W. Steans CenterIrwin W. Steans Center was established as the Office for Community-based Service Learning at DePaul University in 1998. The center was established as part of the universitys commitment to serving those who are least served by society. Under the guidance of its founding director, Dr. Laurie Worrall, the Steans Center focuses on integrating service-learning pedagogy into the curriculum. Since its establishment, the Steans Center has experienced tremendous growth to an extent that it has become a vibrant community engagement center at DePaul University. Currently, the center supports over 4000 students annually as well as hundreds of community partners and faculty members (Steans Center History, 2022).As stated on DePaul Universitys website, the mission of the Steans Center is to integrate service-learning pedagogy into the curriculum. In this regard, the center seeks to provide support for the direct integration of service throughout the universitys curriculum. By…...
mlaReferences
Heffernan, K. (n.d.). Service-learning in higher education. Retrieved June 27, 2022, from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/60533568.pdf
“Steans Center History.” (2022). Irwin W. Steans Center. Retrieved from DePaul University website: https://resources.depaul.edu/steans-center-community-based-service-learning/about/Pages/history.aspx
At an arly junctur in th txt, th author provids a usful point
of considration which dos st it apart from many othr works on th
subjct. Rathr than to simply appal to th radr's sns of pity, Wood
taks on th task of dmanding admiration of th Jwish popl quit simply
for thir prsistnc to surviv as a cultur and with an intact sns of
idntity, vn if that idntity is inxtricably now linkd to th vnts of
th Holocaust. As th txt rports on anothr pag distinguishd by
complling photographs to th cas of Jwish dtrmination, "dspit th
high walls of th ghttos and th military strngth of th Nazis, many
popl in th ghttos scaps or fought in thir harts and minds. For
most, rsistanc took th form of clinging to th lov of family and
frinds, holding on to traditions, and strngthning thir hop." (Wood,
66)
Rviws of th txt ar uniformly positiv, particularly pointd to
th halthy balanc of…...
mlaeffectively delivered in appropriate detail the realities and implications
of the Holocaust.Publisher's Weekly (PW). (2007). Review: "Holocaust." Amazon.com.Wood, A.G. (2007). Holocaust. DK Children.
Such an example
cannt be refuted withut statistical research t make an argument against
Urmetzer, and thus his arguments refuting the impact f glbalizatin n
eliminating the natin-state's svereignty are strengthened.
This sets up Urmetzer's primary pint, and the thesis f his argument-
it is a myth that because f glbalizatin "natinal brders have becme s
prus that gvernments are n lnger able t prperly manage their wn
affairs" (Urmetzer 2005: 123). In the case f Canada, a welfare state,
Urmetzer even maintains glbalizatin strengthens the welfare state. T
reach this pint, and t prve that ecnmic freedm des nt ultimately
cmpletely eliminate plitical pwer frm the ecnmic spectrum, Urmetzter
evaluates the effects f glbalizatin n the different prgrams f
gvernment invlvement within the ecnmy. Fr example, in regards t the
afrementined welfare-state services, Urmetzer ntes hw this is an ften
verlked aspect t glbalizatin (Urmetzer 2005: 142). By tuching n
subjects typically verlked, Urmetzer strengthens his argument.
Furthermre, he evaluates welfare-state spending n educatin,…...
mlaof globalization.
Urmetzer, Peter. Globalization Unplugged: Sovereignty and the Canadian
State in the TwentyFirst Century. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005.
What information was expected to be found and was not there expected to find much more on this site than is present today. To begin with, the SMS is a highly academically focused organization, and as a result its members are continually working on research projects, presenting papers, and also working through many academic calendars and teaching schedules. As a result of the richness of this research one would expect to find at least a trace of these materials on the site, and in fact there are none. This is disturbing. Further, the Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal and Strategic Management Journal aren't offered on a trial basis, and content is not even available from them. Instead there are links to subscribe to these publications. This makes the entire site look like an organization of academicians also promoting these two journals.
Links from the site that are helpful
The site does include an excellent…...
mlaReferences
Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (a) (2003). - Accessible after purchase from the Harvard Business Review Website: http://harvardbusinessonline.hbsp.harvard.edu/b01/en/common/item_detail.jhtml;jsessionid=3XHOCFKZZ3NGQAKRGWDSELQ?id=303086
The World Is Flat (2005) - Thomas R. Friedman, author. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. New York, NY. Published 2005
Synthetic event-Related potentials: A computational bridge between neurolinguistics models and experiments
An article was chosen from a peer-reviewed journal known as Neural Networks on the basis that it not only has various implications for the future of neurolinguistics research, but I also found it interesting and related to my intended future career profession. There have been different methods of mapping actual brain activity that occur in normal human cognition and such efforts have also led to various models of cognition and schema networks that continually become more refined as the scientific research progresses. This research began a few generations ago, and at the time the technology was fairly primitive, at least by comparison to the tools and technics that are available to today's researchers. Today, researchers are able to construct 3D representations of the brains activity that show the activity in real-time. This allows for possibilities that were never before imagined…...
mlaWorks Cited
Barres, V., Simons, A., & Arbib, M. (2013). Synthetic event-related potentials: A computational bridge between neurolinguistic models and experiments. Neural Networks, 66-92.
What an excellent question! In fact, one of the things we encourage students to do is make sure that they understand what an assignment is asking them to do before tackling the assignment. A critical review is an analysis of material that you are exploring, which involves you examining its strengths and weaknesses and putting those together in a cohesive argument about the merits and deficits of the material as a whole.
Critical reviews can be used in almost any area of academic study, though the approach for a critical review will vary according to the subject and....
A comparison and contrast essay on two specific service providers is a little different from comparison and contrast essays on ideas or people because you are going to always want to focus on the customer’s experience. However, if you are writing the essay for a business class, you would be focusing on different aspects such as corporate structure, stock price, etc. So, keep that in mind when writing your essay. Are you providing more of a user review or a business analysis and structure your essay accordingly.
It is also important to keep in mind that the COVID-19 pandemic has really....
Harvard Business Review has some of the best in-depth reviews of individual companies and may offer you some of the information that you seek about an individual Fortune 500 company’s culture. You could start by looking at individual aspects of what is considered part of successful corporate culture and then look for articles or essays about those different facets of corporate culture, which could be a spring-board for an in-depth analysis.
If we were looking at a Fortune 500 company and wanted to find a source of an in-depth look at its corporate culture, we would search for....
To be honest, writing book reviews can be challenging, even for writers who love to read. It can feel difficult to strike the right balance between objective observations about a book, critical discussion of the book, and subjective opinion of the book. This is especially true when the book is a highly emotional one like Tuesdays with Morrie, which is beloved by many readers. You also have to consider the approach that you are taking in your book review. Are you writing the review for readers, in general, or with a specific audience in mind? ....
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