RESEARCH STUDY Research Study SelectionNurs 406: Evidence-Based Practice for RN-BSNReiter, M., Gerken, M., Lindberg-Scharf, P., Fuerst, A., Liebig-Horl, G., Ortmann, O., Eberl, I., & Bartholomeyczik, S. (2021). Health services research in colorectal cancer: A quasi-experimental interventional pilot study on in and out-patient oncology. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 147(1), 1789-1802. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03454-wMETHODOLOGY/DESIGN the study adopts an experimental methodology with a quasi-experimental research design. In an experimental study, the researcher manipulates the independent variable to see the resultant changes in the dependent variable. An experimental study could be a true experiment or a quasi-experimental study. A quasi-experimental study is one that tests an interventions causal impact but does not involve the random assignment of subjects. Instead, the assignment of subjects is based on a non-random criterion. In this study, subjects are assigned to either the treatment or control group based on their date of treatment (Reiter et al.,…...

Saleena, M.
2 Mavoothu, D.

Etc.

Year of publication:2015

Volume, Issue, Pages:9(3), 38-52

Effects of Career Orientation On Intrapersonal Issues of e-Entry Women and Their Career Penalty

Title of Journal Publication: Global Management eview

Identify at least three key issues, concepts (ideas), propositions or theories that have been discussed in the literature review. How have these issues informed or influenced the current paper and its research questions? (Paraphrase -- i.e., use your own words)

Intrapersonal e-entry issues: More often than not, intrapersonal re-entry issues are deemed as insufficiencies and paucities that are present within re-entering women. This issue has influenced the prevailing paper and its research questions as the research study attempts to examine the link between career penalty and intrapersonal problems of re-entry. In particular, aspects such as stress, loss of self-esteem, guilt as well as conflict are perceived as vital interpersonal issues experienced by re-entering women (Kok and Van der Westhuizen, 2003).

2. Perceived Career Penalty: Women…...

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References (Using Harvard referencing style)

Aisenbrey, S., Evertsson, M. and Grunow, D., 2009. Is there a career penalty for mothers' time out? A comparison of Germany, Sweden and the United States. Social Forces, 88(2), pp.573-605.

Arun, S.V., Arun, T.G. and Borooah, V.K., 2004. The effect of career breaks on the working lives of women. Feminist Economics, 10(1), pp.65-84.

Gangl, M. and Ziefle, A., 2009. Motherhood, labor force behavior, and women's careers: An empirical assessment of the wage penalty for motherhood in Britain, Germany, and the United States. Demography, 46(2), pp.341-369.

Judge, T.A. and Livingston, B.A., 2008. Is the gap more than gender? A longitudinal analysis of gender, gender role orientation, and earnings. Journal of applied psychology, 93(5), p.994.

Ethical Aspects in esearch Studies
The essential aspects of research are the concern and respect that the researchers offer to the participants. esearch is aimed at producing insights that are beneficial to the society. However, the research should be conducted ethically. The ethical concern in research adduces that it should not advance a society at the detriment of others especially the participants in the research. Ethics in research is vital because it guides the working principles of the researcher for the research to conform to the required standards. This is the case especially when research subjects in health or medical research are often human beings. Therefore, it is vital to respect these individuals. The guiding principles in research ethics focus on preserving the rights and dignity of the research participants. In this regard, ethics focus on ensuring consent is obtained, no harm is done, the participant's privacy is respected, and the…...

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References

Austin, W. (2007). The Ethics of Everyday Practice: Healthcare Environments as Moral Communities. Advances in Nursing Science, Volume 30 - Issue 1 - p 81-88.

Bernadette M.M. & Ellen F.O. (2011). Evidence-based practice in nursing and health care: a guide to best practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Carol J.H. (2013). Professional Issues in Nursing: Challenges and Opportunities. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Corey-L., Patricia M., Anita J., Marlene Z., & Alison M. (1999). Healthcare Reform: Its Effects on Nurses. Journal of Nursing Administration, Volume 29 - Issue 3 - pp 30-37.

Pragmatic Linguistic Awareness Motivation
Research Study Outline on Pragmalinguistic Awareness

A helpful one-line summary of the research study, indicating the topic area and including all the key concepts to be studied.

Takahashi tested eighty Japanese students with a noticing-the-gap activity after administering a motivation questionnaire and an L2 proficiency test, finding that pragmalinguistic awareness was correlated with motivation subscales, but not with proficiency.

Link to previous research: What the author (SATOMI TAKAHASHI) had done on this topic area and what he had found; unanswered questions that your research study plans to answer.

The role of attention in pragmalinguistics was introduced in Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis, which claimed that learners have to notice L2 features in the input for subsequent development to occur in the L2. (Schmidt, 1990). Schmidt argues that noticing is central to SLA, and learners must first notice the surface structures of utterances inthe input to acquire virtually every aspect of SLA. (Schmidt,…...

For example, an upscale restaurant, mid-market clothing store, hardware store, and general store could all be sampled, and over the course of four days shoppers could be asked to respond to a survey at the check-out counter about their perceptions of the store and shopping experience. The data could then be analyzed demographically, in terms of consumer perceptions, and also precisely what the different shoppers bought on different days, as opposed to what they said they would buy. This would also allow repeated testing -- using the same four-day musical format over different periods of the year at different stores. The article's study takes the form of a posttest only study design: the independent variable of the music (or in the case of the control group, the lack thereof) is applied, and then subjects record their responses.
The advantage to the test is that there is no 'learning,' necessary to…...

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Reference

North, Adrian C. & David J. Hargreaves. (1998). The effect of music on atmosphere and purchase intentions in a cafeteria. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 28 (24):

Participation in a esearch Study
It is imperative that a subject understands the importance of his or her involvement in any research study. This is fundamental especially in researches that may involve full participation of an individual (which may affect his or her daily activities). As a result, every researcher must ensure that his or her subjects are fully informed about the research and are ready to follow through to the end. Every researcher must have a set strategy, to evaluate how informed his or her subjects are on the research at hand.

Interview: The participant in this case is interviewed on the subject matter at hand to ensure that he or she knows the research in depth. This way the key leaders in the research have an opportunity to evaluate the credibility of the individual to participate throughout the research without fill discretion (ichardson & Godfrey, 2010).

Filling a consent form, this…...

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References

Dobson, C. (2008). Conducting research with people not having the capacity to consent to their participation. The British Psychological Society, 1-44.

Dresser, R. (2001). When science offers salvation: Patient advocacy and research ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.

In Global Health Research, Is It Legitimate To Stop Clinical Trials Early on Account of Their Opportunity Costs?. (2009). PloS Med, 6(6).

Richardson, J.C., & Godfrey, B.S. (2010). Towards ethical practice in the use of archived transcripted interviews. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 6(4), 347-355.

They discovered various anthropometric variables such as calculating body mass index, pediatric calculation capabilities, etc. They found that none of the computers used Internationale units, only English and/or metric. They compared user instruction booklets for ease of understanding and found that none of the five included a toll-free telephone number. They also found variations between the calculators when basal energy expenditure and ideal body weight were calculated, but could only speculate about causes of the variations.
Conclusions: The researchers conclude that there is no single "best" calculator. "Each user needs to determine whether the device is user-friendly and adaptable to his or her clinical situation" (p. 5). They also provide a complete list of features and functions for the nutritionist to consider before choosing a particular hand-held computer to buy and a systematic six-point strategy for making the decision.

eferences

Orta, J. And einarts, C.L. (1994). Comparison of handheld computers for nutrition…...

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References

Orta, J. And Reinarts, C.L. (1994). Comparison of handheld computers for nutrition assessment and support. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 94 (12). Retrieved on 10 March 2007 from Expanded Academic ASAP database.

This is because "genetic, hormonal, and nutritional factors play a significant role in the development of stress fractures....Female runners with a history of stress fracture are more likely to have a history of irregular periods or lack of periods. A low body mass index is also a predictor of reduced bone mineral density in adolescents" ("Stress Fractures," 2006, Mass General Hospital for Children).
To gain a sense of the relative the bone density of the participants a DEXA bone scan pre -- and post-season will be required. (Pipenberg, 2005: 1). Athletes will be screened and questioned weekly regarding pain, performance, and to see if they exhibit other common symptoms of stress fractures.

Anticipated benefits and risks of taking part in the study

Low bone density and stress fractures, combined with irregular menstruation have long been the bane of long-distance runners, especially females. "The teenage years are the most important ones for the…...

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Works Cited

Calcium, vitamin D may reduce stress fracture risk." (2007). NutraIngredients. Retrieved 19 Feb 2007.  http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?n=74103-calcium-vitamin-d-fracture 

DeNoon, Daniel. (2006). "Weight Loss Can Mean Bone Loss: Dieters Who Don't

Exercise at Risk for Weaker Bones." WebMD Medical News Reviewed by Louise Chang 11 Dec 2006. Retrieved 19 Feb 2007 at  http://aolsvc.health.webmd.aol.com/content/article/130/117776.htm?src=AOLConditionWidget&ncid=cDaKHfNCCG 

Pipenberg, Claudia. (Nov 2005). "Thin, Light... And Fragile: What all runners should know about bone health." The Running Times. Retrieved 19 Feb 2007 at http://runningtimes.com/rt/articles/?id=7376&c=375

A study published in 2007 suggested that "The ASCA National Model can help school counselors think proactively about how they can best serve the students in their schools, and it contains ideas and tools for developing comprehensive school counseling programs that use the current best practices in the field" (Dimmit, Carey, 2007, p. 227).This study will attempt to discern whether those standards have been met. If they have not, then perhaps modifications can be made. If they have then the study will have at least verified that the program was successful.

The perception in the 1980's as compared to the 1960's could be said that there were plenty of individuals during that particular time that felt that counselors had little, if anything to do with solving school education problems. Comparing this laisse faire attitude towards counselors then, with the far more intense attitude currently shown towards education in general, and counselors…...

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Works Cited

ACES-ASCA Committee on the Elementary School Guidance Counselor (1966), Preliminary statement. Personnel & Guidance Journal, 44, 659-661.

American School Counselor Association (2003) the ASCA National Model: A framework for school counseling programs, Professional School Counseling, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 165-169

American School Counselor Association. (2005). The ASCA national model: A framework for school counseling programs (2nd ed.). Alexandria, VA

ASCA. (2006). School Shooting Resources, American School Counselor Association, Retrieved November 14, 2007:  http://www.schoolcounselor.org/content.asp?contentid=524

Leading Action esearch in an Elementary School Setting
One of the risks that is routinely encountered classroom teachers is the potential to become mired in a set of educational practices that may or may not be suitable for their students at any given point in time. ather than remaining in a teaching rut, though, a growing number of reading teachers have recognized the value of action research to inform and improve their classroom practices. In order for this method of inquiry to be effective, though, all stakeholders must be educated concerning the tenets of action research, what areas of interest are most appropriate for study and their respective roles in the process. To determine the facts about these issues, this paper reviews the relevant literature concerning leading action research in an elementary school setting, including an assessment of the current degree of comfort that exists at the author's school and the…...

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References

Brkich, K. L. & Shumbera, K. (2010, Summer). Action research: How to create your own professional development experience. Science and Children, 47(9), 47-51.

Cooper, K. & White, R. E. (2012, October). The recursive process in and of critical literacy: Action research in an urban elementary school. Canadian Journal of Education, 35(2), 41-45.

Eisner, E. W. & Day, M. D. (2004). Handbook of research and policy in art education. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Gruenert, S. & Whitaker, T. (2015). School culture rewired: How to define, assess, and transform it. Alexandria, VA: ASCD.

The questions started as more general about your feelings and gradually became so personal to the point that I was glad the study is anonymous. I noticed some repetition of questions, especially having to do with feelings, but I have noticed this in other studies before. I also understand that comparing the answers to similar questions is a way of studying the person's or groups overall reactions to specific issues.

I honestly enjoyed taking this study. The section that asks about how you've felt during the past week and today contained the most personal questions, I thought. I did try to answer the questions quickly as it was stated that is the most accurate way to conduct a study like this one.

I was surprised at some of my answers about my feelings regarding this past week. Answering the questions led to me being quite self-reflective during and after the study. I…...

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Works Cited

"Social Psychology Network." Online Social Psychology Studies. University of Graz, Austria, 15 March 2011. Web. 15 Mar 2011. .

Nurse Lit eview
TYPE OF ESEACH STUDY - Quantitative or qualitative

Descriptive, correlational, experimental, quasi-experimental, phenomenological, grounded theory ethnographic, historical

SAMPLE METHOD & SAMPLE SIZE

Knoll, Lautenschlager & Lipp (2009). British Journal of Nursing.

Impact of workload on hygiene practices.

Quantitative.

Experimental.

trials of nursing staff.

Statistical.

Enforcing hygiene practices has practical healing benefits for nurses.

Souweine, B. et al. (2009). Intensive Care Medical Journal.

Compared hygiene practices. Hand rubbing vs. hand washing.

Quantitative.

Experimental.

person nursing staff.

Workers completed self report questionnaires.

Hand rubbing with alcohol is preferred to handwashing in some instances.

Creedon, S. (2006). International Journal of Nursing Technologies and Classifications.

Observe health worker compliance in handwashing guidelines.

Quantitative.

Quasi-experimental.

73 doctors and nurses in an Irish ICU.

Questionnaire responses.

Knowledge of handwashing guidelines can lead to positive outcomes.

Allen, L. et al. (2014). Nevada Nformation.

Compared hand washing with hand sanitizer.

Quantitative.

Descriptive.

Literature review.

Statistical.

Hand washing was prescribed for killing certain bacteria.

Evans & Breshears, (2007).

How hand washing affects chiropractic practices.

Quantitative.

Correlation.

150 students randomly selected took survey

Survey results.

easonable control measures regarding hand washing need to be implemented…...

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References

Allen, L., & et al. . (2014). Professionalism in Nursing. Nevada RNFormation, 18(1).

Creedon, S.A. (2005). Healthcare workers' hand decontamination practices: compliance with recommended guidelines. Journal of advanced nursing, 51(3), 208-216.

Evans, M.W., Breshears, J., Campbell, A., Husbands, C., & Rupert, R. (2007). Assessment and risk reduction of infectious pathogens on chiropractic treatment tables. Chiropractic & osteopathy, 15(1), 8.

Knoll, M., Lautenschlaeger, C., & Borneff-Lipp, M. (2010). The impact of workload on hygiene compliance in nursing. British Journal of Nursing, 19(16), S18-S22.

Description of Study and Design to Be Used in Future esearch ProjectTopic 1. Describe a vulnerable population in terms of research. Why the population is considered vulnerable? What other groups might also be considered vulnerable populations?A vulnerable population in terms of research is a population that is often overlooked by the academic community or a population that does not fit in with the mainstream sample. Waisel (2013) states that: vulnerable populations include patients who are racial or ethnic minorities, children, elderly, socioeconomically disadvantaged, underinsured or those with certain medical conditions, and that these populations typically have health conditions that are exacerbated by unnecessarily inadequate healthcare (p. 186). Asian-Americans with type 2 diabetes are a vulnerable population in the U.S. They are a racial and ethnic minority on whom there is scant medical research in terms of how best to provide quality care for them (Walton-Moss, Samuel, Nguyen, Commodore-Mensah, Hayat &…...

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ReferencesCurtis, K., Fry, M., Shaban, R. Z., & Considine, J. (2017). Translating research findings to clinical nursing practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(5-6), 862-872.Gearing, R. E., Mian, I. A., Barber, J., & Ickowicz, A. (2006). A methodology for conducting retrospective chart review research in child and adolescent psychiatry. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 15(3), 126.Indiana University. (2018). Knowledge base. Retrieved from   P. & Bhalerao, S. (2010). Sample size calculation. Int Journal Ayurveda Res, 1(1), 55-57.Mertler, C. A., & Reinhart, R. V. (2016). Advanced and multivariate statistical methods: Practical application and interpretation. Routledge.SQUIRE. (2017). Revised SQUIRE 2.0. Retrieved from  http://squire-statement.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.ViewPage&pageId=471 Vassar, M. & Holzmann, M. (2013). The retrospective chart review: important methodological considerations. Journal Educ Eval Health Prof, 10, 12.Waisel, D. (2013). Vulnerable populations in healthcare. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 26(2), 186-92.Walton-Moss, B., Samuel, L., Nguyen, T. H., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Hayat, M. J., & Szanton, S. L. (2014). Community based cardiovascular health interventions in vulnerable populations: a systematic review. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 29(4), 293.https://kb.iu.edu/d/ayyz Kadam,

For example, determining that police officers are more likely to divorce than the general population, if that is not true, might result in marital problems being attributed to the fact that one person is a police officer rather than addressing underlying issues.
I would set the significance level at .02 rather than at .05 to avoid having a Type I error, if my sample size was small enough for me to worry about the possibility of having a Type I error. However, with a sufficiently large population, I would keep my significance level at .05, because it is the standard for social science research.

M4Lab4

3. The null hypothesis is that there is no difference in the groups being examined for the variable in question. The directional research hypothesis is that there is a difference and suggests the nature of the difference (generally, that one population is more or less likely to…...

Criminal justice researchers are usually faced with numerous anecdotal data that is supported with relatively little to no empirical support. In order to effectively explore nuances of the issues that face the society with regards to law enforcement, criminal justice researchers tend to rely on empirical data, which is considered useful. The dependence on empirical data in criminal justice is evident in the fact that most of the existing criminology journals are quantitative as compared to qualitative studies (Jacques, 2014). Empirical research data is data obtained from direct and indirect observation of a complex social issue whereas anecdotal data is data obtained from someone else's observation or experience of an issue. In the criminal justice field, empirical research data is used to inform evidence-based practices in this field because it's based on well-designed analytical approaches and studies. In some cases, empirical research evidence is used to confirm anecdotal data as…...

In their research study, Wilhelmy et al. take a closer look at interview styles, with a specific emphasis on signaling behaviors. Their stated purpose is “to use a qualitative approach to create a taxonomy and a conceptual model by identifying and analyzing the broad range of possible interviewer IM [impression management] intentions, behaviors, and intended outcomes” (2016).  In the context of that purpose statement, the research did seem designed to help answer both how and why.  Furthermore, the researchers did frame out a conceptual model of interviewer IM that was comprehensive and included a range of intentional....

A hypothesis is a statement that predicts the outcome of an experiment or research study. It typically takes the form of an "if-then" statement, where the researcher predicts that one variable will have an effect on another variable.

Here is an example of a hypothesis with a strong example:

Hypothesis: If students study for at least 30 minutes each day, then their test scores will improve.

In this hypothesis, the researcher is predicting that the amount of time students spend studying will have an effect on their test scores. By testing this hypothesis, the researcher can determine if there is a relationship between....

Is the Research Entitled "Ethical Implications of AI in Society" a Mixed Method?

Introduction

Mixed methods research combines both qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a research topic. Qualitative methods emphasize understanding the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals, while quantitative methods focus on objective data and statistical analysis. Determining whether a specific research project is a mixed method study requires examining the combination of methods used.

Review of Ethical Implications of AI in Society Research

The research study titled "Ethical Implications of AI in Society" explores the ethical considerations surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in....

Sure, here is a properly spaced title for your research study:

Ethical Implications of AI in Society: A Mixed Method Research
If you are looking to conduct a mixed method research study on the ethical implications of AI in society, you may want to consider the various components that make up this topic. This could include both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods, such as surveys, interviews, case studies, and observation. By using a mixed method approach, you can gain a more comprehensive understanding of how AI is impacting society and the ethical considerations that come with it. Additionally, you may....