Brazilian ain Forest. There are four references used for this paper.
The world is filled with a variety of climates, each with its own type of habitants. It is interesting to examine the Brazilian ain Forest and determine the life style and sustainability of the rare and exotic animals that live there.

Understanding the ain Forest

Brazil is the home to almost half of the Amazon basin. The "river and forest system covers 2.7 million sq. miles and stretches into eight countries besides Brazil, including Venezuela to the north, Peru to the west and Bolivia to the south. The river itself, fed by more than 1,000 tributaries, meanders for 4,000 miles and every hour the Amazon delivers an average of 170 billion gallons of water to the Atlantic (Linden,1989)."

Home to Thousands of Species

The Brazilian ain Forest sustains so many species of life forms that biologists have difficulties in completely describing them. It…...

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References

Cannell, Michael. (08 February, 1999). "New Species -- Keep on Counting!." Science World.

Linden, Eugene. (18 September, 1989). "Playing with fire: destruction of the Amazon is "one of the great tragedies of history." Time.

(Rainforest Facts. (Accessed 09 December, 2004).

).

Global warming, natural disasters such as hurricanes and earthquakes, and our quality of resources like air and water are all controversial topics today. Many people say that the benefits of industry and exploration outweigh the environmental costs, like fewer rain forests or the extinction of species. Others say that these environmental resources ought to be conserved, even if it means scaling back industrial operations like mining, logging, or production. And although the many individuals who illegally destroy parts of protected regions are fined or punished otherwise, there are hundreds, at least, who are never caught (Mirabella 1997).
The Amazon rain forest is one of these areas which is so debated; there are definite, tangible profits to be made through its deforestation and the cultivation of industrial pursuits; however, there are also marked costs in destroying or harming this natural resource. This paper will briefly examine a few of the harmful ways…...

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Works Cited

FIGHTING FOR A RARE BIRD, By: Edgar, Blake, Rattner, Robert, International Wildlife, Mar/Apr99, Vol. 29, Issue 2

Lawrence, K., 2002. "Amazon deforestation could affect U.S. climate," Duke news, http://www.dukenews.duke.edu/2002/10/avissar1024_print.htm

Mirabella, Marina, 1997. "In the Amazon, deforestation is on the rise," CNN, 11/24/97 accessed online at  http://www.cnn.com/EARTH/9711/24/amazon.burning/ 

'Global Warming," Wikipedia 2005. Online at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

Certain traits must be present for any attempt at a shift in use of resources to work. First, the new use must hold the potential for greater income than what the people were doing. There must be some incentive for them to learn new skills

First, such attempts must promise better returns than the alternative practice and second, they need to be evaluated for how they fit into the set of activities pursued by households (arnham & Coomes, 1997).

Other organizations, such as the Foundation Cordillera Tropical of Ecuador, which was founded by a large landowner, have bought up large tracts of forest in order to protect the area's biodiversity.

The FCT hopes to conserve the region's biodiversity and forests by acquiring and protecting large sections of forest. This organization works to persuade the local people not to log these protected forests (Jokisch & Lair, 2002).

The fact that there area always some people…...

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Bibliography

Barnham, Bradford L., and Coomes, Oliver T. 1997. "Rain Forest Extraction and Conservation in Amazonia." The Geographical Journal 162:2, pp. 180+.

Jokisch, Brad D, and Lair, Bridget M. 2002. "One Last Stand? Forests and Change on Ecuador's Eastern Cordillera." The Geographical Review 92:2, pp. 235+. (Jokisch & Lair, 2002)

Morrison, Scott. 2001. "The Brazilian Tropical Forest: Deforestation and Human Rights." International Journal of Politics and Ethics 1:4, pp. 379+.

Stone, Roger D. 1998. "The Denuded Earth What is to Be Done?" World Policy Journal, Vol. 15.

Tropical ainforest Depletion
Tropical rainforests are arguably the most precious natural resource on our Earth and constitute the world's most diverse biological eco-system. They are the home to 70% of the world's plants and animals, containing more than 13 million species (oper, 1999-"Importance of ... "); provide high quality wood for a number of every-day and industrial uses such as for furniture, shipbuilding, and paper; are a repository of almost one-fourth of the existing medicinal drugs, and a potential source for numerous as yet undiscovered life-saving drugs. More importantly, rainforests constitute a critical life-support system for the Earth. They cycle essential nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, regulate temperature and precipitation, act as large reservoirs of water, protect watersheds from soil erosion, and harbor pollinators for agricultural crops. Unfortunately, rainforests are being destroyed at an alarming and unsustainable rate and may even disappear completely if…...

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References

Loos, Elizabeth. (2003). "Rain forest." Article in Encyclopedia Encarta

"Rainforest Facts: The Disappearing Rainforests." Raintree Website. Retrieved on January 12, 2005 from  http://www.rain-tree.com/facts.htm 

Roper, John. (1999). "Causes of Deforestation." Deforestation: Tropical Forests in Decline. CIDA Forestry Advisers Network. Retrieved on January 12, 2005 from  http://www.rcfa-cfan.org/english/issues.12-5.html 

----------- -- (1999). "Importance of Tropical Forests." Deforestation: Tropical Forests in Decline. CIDA Forestry Advisers Network. Retrieved on January 12, 2005 from  http://www.rcfa-cfan.org/english/issues.12-2.html

ainforest Destruction
Destruction of ainforests by Man

The rainforest is one of several types of forest found throughout the tropics, and each type has different characteristics. The closed forests account for about half of the total area of tropical forest (around 62 per cent of the natural tropical forest) and comprise two types of continuous tree cover (Table 1.1). Eleven-twelfths of the closed forests, by area, are tropical moist forests and the rest are deciduous and semi-deciduous forests of various types. About two-thirds of the moist forests are tropical rainforests, composed of evergreen broadleaved trees which flourish in the high temperature and humidity of the low latitudes. The tropical moist deciduous forests (or monsoon forests) grow on the fringes of the tropical rainforests, and lose their leaves in the dry season (Ehrlich & Ehrlich, 2002).

Thesis Statement: ainforests can never be replaced once we have lost them.

Table 1.1 Distribution of tropical forest types

Forest…...

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References

Aiken, S.R. And C.H. Leigh (2006) Land use conflicts and rainforest conservation in Malaysia and Australia. Land Use Policy 3:161-79.

Bunker, S.C. (2000) Development and the destruction of human and natural environments in the Brazilian Amazon. Environment 22:14-20, 34-43.

Burley, F.W. (1985) Plan to reverse destruction of tropical forests released by international task force. Environmental Conservation 12:365-6.

Denevan, W.M. (2003) Development and imminent demise of the Amazon rainforest. Professional Geographer 25:130-5.

It was then important to see the degree at which technology and training played a role in combating each fire.
1.2.4.ationale of the Study

What is that can be gained from this study? The reasoning behind such a study is born out of a need to provide better training for fire fighters so that fire management systems will improve and reduce the amount of loss due to the fire. By studying such a topic, one can gain the knowledge of how to better train fire fighters and how to make his or her job safer in the process. This in turn, results in reduced losses due to the fire. This also results in higher service ratings for the fire department and an increase in morale for the community.

1.3.Definition of Terms

Fire

The Underlying Causes of Fire.

It has already become a general knowledge that the majority of forest and land fire incidents in the…...

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References

Allan, C. (2003). A Ponderosa Natural Area Reveals its Secrets. USGS. Retrieved July 11, 2005 from the World Web Wide:  http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/SNT/noframe/sw153.htm4/10/03 .

Anderson, H.E. (1983). Predicting Wind-Driven Wild Land Fire Size and Shape. Research Paper INT-305. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, pp. 1-26.

Beer, T. (1990). The Australian National Bushfire Model Project. Mathematical and Computer Modeling, 13, 12, 49-56.

Calabri, G. (1982). Recent evolution and prospects for the Mediterranean region, Forest Fire prevention and control. Proceedings of an International seminar.

..for them it is a good world" (Turnbull 14). And although small in stature, Turnbull writes, they are able to kill elephants single-handed with only a short handled spear and blend so well with the forest foliage that one could pass right by without noticing them.
Turnbull relates the BaMbuti customs, such as marriage rites, rituals and celebrations.

His accounts of these people rings a magically encounter. Turnbull is so taken by the forest people that he writes in poetic prose rather than anthropological language filled with statistics and dry observations. By detailing observations in such colorful style and with such humor, he brings these remote people to life for the reader.

It is difficult to read this book and not become as enchanted by the forest people as Turnbull was. They are truly charming and wondrous at the same time. And although it was perhaps not his intention, Turnbull has created an…...

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Works Cited

Turnbull, Colin. The Forest People. Touchstone. 1987; Pp 11, 12, 14.

Forests Conservation
Forest Conservation

Global warming has become a hot topic since last few decades and there have been continuous efforts in understanding its causes and drastic consequences over the environment. It is a simple term that relates to the increase in the temperature of the earth which affects the entire world equally. Global warming has advanced dramatically with the increase in the use of the hydrocarbons, excess burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. One of the major contributors in global warming is the rising amount of carbon dioxide gas in the environment, which is released by burning of fossil fuels and gets trapped inside the environment, causing it to get hotter day by day. To cut down the ratio of carbon dioxide as compare to oxygen gas, it is important that the naturally occurring forests must be conserved and there should be afforestation instead of de-forestation. Several other severe affects of…...

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Bibliography

Forests, jungles, woods & their trees. WWF Global. Retrieved on 7/7/2012 from:

 http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/about_forests/ 

Global Warming. One Cool Forest, One Hot Grassland. (December 18, 2001). Retrieved from:  http://whyfiles.org/080global_warm/5.html 

Harmon, D.E. (2009). Al Gore and global warming. New York: Rosen Pub.

The natural factors that influence infiltration rate include soil characteristics, plant and animals, and topography. Man can modify these features to highly influence runoff. For instance, areas with grass/vegetation will reduce runoff by reducing speed of water on surface hence increasing percolation chances. On the other hand, bare lands will offer less resistance to water hence faster runoffs. In the event that rainfall produces much water to the land surface than it can be absorbed by the soil, the excess water will be left on the surface to flow down slopes as runoff. et areas with higher vegetation covers can have higher water tables that lead to faster saturations hence runoff.
On soil characteristics, finer soils will reduce infiltration and increase runoff and vice versa. Still, the size of rain drops can help compact soil reducing runoff. Concerning plant cover, they increase infiltration rates in that they slow the pace…...

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Works cited

Rodriguez, Daniel Andres, Javier Tomasella, and Claudia Linhares. Is the forest conversion to pasture affecting the hydrological response of Amazon catchments? Signals in the Ji-

Parana basin. 26 March 2010. Web. 25 April 2010. Article available from http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123261361/PDFSTART

LANDFORMS
Barrier island beaches generally develop where:

a The coast is composed of hard rock b the nearby land has a rugged topography of hills and mountains c the sea floor deepens rapidly offshore d The sea floor remains shallow for a long distance offshore

During storms in winter:

a There is a higher percentage of fine-grained sand on beaches

b More erosion occurs in bays than on headlands

c Beaches are eroded d Beaches are built up e Offshore sand bars are destroyed

Along the Midocean ridge

a earthquakes occur b sea floor spreading occurs c volcanism occurs d all the above occur

Where would you find examples of barrier island coasts?

a Oregon

b California

c British Columbia and Alaska

d Texas and the Gulf Coast

e Hawaii

Which of the following boundaries characterize the San Andreas Fault?

a Spreading

b Convergent

c Transform

d None of the above

Construction of dams upstream on rivers may lead to:

a Narrower beaches b Wider beaches c The filling in of…...

evolution and natural selection is the addition of information. The process of evolution requires massive amounts of new information be added to an existing gene pool. What most people refer to as evolution is, in fact, natural selection. Natural selection occurs when genes that already exist in an animals' DNA, or sometimes on defective genes that have lost information (called mutation) are somehow altered. Neither process adds information to the gene pool so cannot be considered to be evolution. The evolutionary process is a slow and meticulous one and is preceded by numerous incidents of natural selection. True evolution is truly rare and takes place over the span of many years. Natural selection occurs far more frequently and can occur in the space of several generations.
Natural field experiments are efforts by the scientific community to apply the scientific method to real life situations. This process allows scientists to test…...

Bucket List
Life is ephemeral in nature. In life, occurrences, situations, and circumstances are constantly changing. It is through these changing circumstances that opportunities arise. These opportunities provide life with excitement and wonder. To better enjoy life, a plan of activities is often needed to ensure that an individual doesn't become entrapped by the natural progressions of life. Negative aspects such as complacency, boredom, or animosity towards others can quickly turn life into a struggle. To avoid and alleviate many of these pitfalls, the creation of a personal bucket list is helpful. My list for instance, includes many aspects in which I am personally passionate about. This list, although incomplete, will provide ample excitement and reprieve from the daily rigors of life. Below are my bucket list and the reasoning behind each activity.

Travel to all seven continents volunteer / help out and make a difference.

The world is a diverse place. As…...

Chile, officially known as epublic of Chile, is a South American country with Peru, Bolivia Argentina as its neighboring countries. The Pacific Ocean borders it on the west and south. Santiago is both its capital and the largest city. The country is primarily urban as 1/3 of the total population inhabits the areas in and around Santiago and Vina Del Mar. Almost ninety percent of the Chileans are oman Catholics whereas Spanish is the official language of the country ("Chile," 2012). This country in South America has a landscape filled with "dry deserts, snow-capped mountains, sandy beaches, and thick temperate rain forests" (au, 2007).
The climate in the country is as varied as its natural features. Aside from the apparently intense climatic conditions in some parts, the country enjoys a comfy and moderate climate ("Chile").

History

The southern part of the Chilean region was controlled by the Araucanians long before the arrival of…...

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References

Chile. (n.d.). Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved October 10, 2012, from  http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111326/Chile/24699/Cultural-life 

Chile. (n.d.). Geographia - World Travel Destinations, Culture and History Guide. Retrieved October 9, 2012, from  http://www.geographia.com/chile/ 

Chile from The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. (n.d.). Questia, Your Online Research Library. Retrieved October 8, 2012, from  http://www.questia.com/read/1E1-Chile/chile 

Chile, the Country. (n.d.). In Chile Travel Planner. Retrieved October 9, 2012, from http://www.chiletravelplanner.com/ChileGuide.pdf

Gould's and Mayr's biological species concept, as presented by Stamos (2008). According to these scientists and to this species concept, two populations are termed as belonging to the same species if they are capable of interbreeding.
So, as Stamos further exemplifies, the chimpanzees form a single species, because they are capable of interbreeding, they are producing offspring. Human beings and chimpanzees are not capable of producing offspring together, so they belong to two different species. Furthermore, two races of dogs belong to the same species: they are capable of interbreeding and the resulting dog is also fertile. However, a horse and a donkey belong to different species: while they are able to interbreed, their resulting offspring is not itself fertile.

To sum up, my understand is that humans belong to the same species because of reproductive compatibility. At the same time, the human species is formed of different races, whereby the…...

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Bibliography

1. Stamos, David, (2011). Evolution and the Big Questions: Sex, Race, Religion, and Other Matters. John Wiley & Sons

2. Barnosky, A. et al. (2011). Has the Earth's sixth mass extinction already arrived? 3 MARCH 2011 | VOL 471 | NATURE | 51-55

3. Hill, Kevin, (1993). The Endangered Species Act: What Do We Mean

by Species? Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review. Volume 20, Issue 2, Article 3

From the point-of-view of the variation and flexibility of the species such cultivated woody crops rank as no more than cornfields. While the tree farms are conveniently be stretched on the private lands, national forests those are considered priceless reservoirs of most of the biological diversity of the nation cannot expand so easily. The commercial logging is considered as the greatest danger for survival of the national forest system. The timber sales are growingly concealed beneath the post fire recovery and fire prevention missions, forest health initiatives and restoration programs. (Endangered Forests: Endangered Freedoms)
Wetlands disappearing

Declining wetlands and reservoir construction are having spectacular influences on a global scale. (the Importance of Wetlands and the Impacts of eservoir Development) the data of USF & WS reveals that the United States added 2.3 million acres in ponds and inland mudflats during the period of mid 1950s and mid1970s. The country added about…...

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References

Acid Rain -- a Contemporary World Problem. Retrieved at Accessed on 3 February, 2005http://www.geocities.com/narilily/acidrain.html.

Acid Rain: Do you need to start wearing a rain hat? Retrieved at   Accessed on 3 February, 2005http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/acidrain.html .

Barney, Gerald O. The Whole World in Our Hands. SF Chronicle. 31 December, 2000. Retrieved at Accessed on 3 February, 2005http://www.mindfully.org/Sustainability/in-Our-Hands.htm.

Bryant, Peter J. Biodiversity and Conservation: A Hypertext Book. Retrieved at Accessed on 3 February, 2005http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/bio65/lec05/b65lec05.htm.