economic and quantitative analysis topics, roughly six in total. Those topics, in order, are focus on a non-core variable (and model) for the country of Nigeria, analysis of the World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI) model, comments on regression and the validity questions rising from within, the general problems and issues with regression analysis in general, whether any of the variable in the author's personal model have problems related to non-stationarity, and finally a suggestion of any changes to the models mentioned previously based on the outcomes that came about and the policy implications that can be garnered from this analysis.
Nigeria Non-Core Variable

The government and economics of Nigeria heavily focuses on exports of its vast mineral, petroleum and natural gas resources. An industry that has been a microcosm as compared to those exports over the recent years and decades has been the service sector (Nigeria, 2012). In many ways,…...

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References

Government of Nigeria. (2012). Nigerian Economics. Available:

www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pages/download/61. Last accessed 31st Dec 2012.

Islam, N. (1995). Growth Empirics: A Panel Data Approach. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 110 (4), 1127-1170.

Mankiw, N.G., Romer, D., & Weil, D.N. (1992). A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 107 (2), 407-437.

Labor Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis
In the aforeposed article Professors Randolph Thomas and Karl Raynar attempt to comprehensively examine the effects on labor productivity resultant from management's deliberate scheduling of overtime hours (Thomas & Raynar, 1997). While such tactics have been highly utilized historically with the intent of increasing productivity, the overworking of employees seems a bit counterintuitive with respect to the enhancement-related goal. This conundrum has been the cause of much controversy because of its potential for unlawfulness (exceeding the mandated 40-hour work week) and its potential for humanistic labor exploitation. In analyzing this litigious topic, Thomas and Raynar collected continuous feedback from four industrial projects for a period of 122 weeks (Thomas & Raynar, 1997). In doing so, these experts narrowed their study into a direct unit-based efficiency model (Thomas & Raynar, 1997). That is, in their selection of the industrial sector as the arena for their work,…...

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Bibliography

Dionne, G., & Dostie, B. (2007). New Evidence on the Determinants of Absenteeism Using Linked Employer-Employee Data. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 61 (1), 108-120.

Iwasaki, K., Takahashi, M., & Nakata, A. (2006). Health Problems due to Long Working Hours in Japan: Working Hours, Workers' Compensation, and Preventive Measures. Journal of Industrial Health, 44 (4), 537-540.

Ostroff, C., & Schmitt, N. (1993). Configurations of Organizational Effectiveness and Efficiency. The Academy of Management Journal, 36 (6), 1345-1361.

The American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. (1986). A Preliminary Investigation: Effect of a Corporate Fitness Program on Absenteeism and Health Care Cost. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 28 (1), 1.

Market researcher, there are a number of different research methods available. The first basic classification for research methods is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research is based on numbers, while qualitative is not. This difference has implications in particular with respect to the way the data is analyzed, but there are also implications for how it is gathered as well. Examples of qualitative research methods are interviews, focus groups, surveys and reviews of primary source documents. Quantitative methods can also be done with surveys and interviews depending on the question, but also can reflect on market data such as sales and market share (OAU.gov, 2016).
The reason market researchers use these different methodologies is that they are best used in different situations. For example, the techniques that are used in quantitative research are discrete and often are replicable. The downside to quantitative methods is that there is no…...

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References

No author (2016). Advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research. OccupyTheory.com. Retrieved April15, 2016 from  http://occupytheory.org/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-qualitative-research/ 

ORAU.gov (2016). Differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. ORAU.gov Retrieved April 15, 2016 from  http://www.orau.gov/cdcynergy/soc2web/content/phase05/phase05_step03_deeper_qualitative_and_quantitative.htm 

ORAU.gov (2016). Quantitative research methods. ORAU.gov Retrieved April 15, 2016 from  http://www.orau.gov/cdcynergy/soc2web/Content/activeinformation/tools/toolscontent/quantiativemethods.htm 

Sheragy, K. (2016). Pros and cons of qualitative and quantitative research. eHow. Retrieved April 15, 2016 from http://www.ehow.com/info_8179604_pros-cons-qualitative-quantitative-research.html

AbstractThis empirical study pursued three objectives. First, it sought to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in environmental spending between coastal and not coastal counties. It also investigated whether there is a statistically significant difference in the intergovernmental revenue growth rate (IGR) based on county type (metro/suburban/rural), and how this changes controlling for political orientation. T-test analysis found that coastal counties spend significantly more on environmental protection efforts than their non-coastal counterparts. Further, from the surveyed counties, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ANCOVA tests showed that there was no statistically significant difference in intergovernmental revenue growth by county type (metro/suburban/rural) even after adjusting for political orientation. The study used data from the Florida County Government survey, which incorporated 30 counties ranging from metro, to suburban and rural. The findings of the study will go a long way towards informing policy decisions on intergovernmental revenue at both local…...

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References

Baskaran, T., & Hessami, Z. (2015). Political alignment and intergovernmental transfers in parliamentary systems: Evidence from Germany. Public Choice. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=83b2b1aa0bc2e6b4eae1e40157e77b7855cf3391

Bonnie, R., Diamond, E., & Rowe, E. (2020). Understanding rural attitudes towards the environment and conservation in America. Duke Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions.

Dewees, S., Lobao, L., & Swanson, L. E. (2003). Local economic development in an age of devolution: the question of rural localities. Rural Sociology, 68(2), 182-206.

Derivative Market
Derivatives are defined as the investment products derived from or dependent on the underlying assets. The derivatives are the contracts between two or more parties with reference to the underlying assets, and its value depends on the fluctuations of the assets. Most common type of underlying assets are bonds, stocks, currencies, commodities, market indexes, and interest rates.

The objective of this paper is to explore the concept derivatives and evaluate the future markets and options markets.

Advantages and disadvantages of the Futures Markets and Options Markets

Future markets and options markets are the derivatives instruments that derive their values from instruments or assets. Both options and futures have their advantages and disadvantages. An advantage of an option contract is its ability to provide buyers or sellers the right to buy or sell a financial instrument or asset at a fixed price. The method assists buyers to limit their maximum risks to…...

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Reference

John C. H. (2011). Options, Futures and Other Derivatives (8th ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education.

Sohnke, M. Bartram; Brown, Gregory W.; Conrad, Jennifer C. (2011). The Effects of Derivatives on Firm Risk and Value. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis. 46 (4): 967 -- 999.

AbstractThe Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey, which took place in 2018, was used to get input from public employees across a variety of specialties and occupational categories. Both nominal and ordinal data were present in the survey findings. Over 500,000 people responded, with a balance of both sexes and academiclevels ranging from less than a bachelor\\\'s degree to degrees higher than a bachelor\\\'s degree. The Mann-Whitney U test was used in one of the two studies, while the Kruskal-Wallis test was used in the other. The Mann-Whitney U test results show that the null hypothesis is not accepted because p...

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ReferencesBader, B., Stoermer, S., Bader, A. K., & Schuster, T. (2018). Institutional discrimination of women and workplace harassment of female expatriates. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 6(1), 40–58. Byrne, Z. S., Hayes, T. L., & Holcombe, K. J. (2017). Employee engagement using the federal employee viewpoint survey. Public Personnel Management, 46(4), 368-390.  Cavaletto, G. M., Pacelli, L., & Pasqua, S. (2019). Women helping women? Chain of command and gender discrimination at the workplace. Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 24(2), 350–372. Cronk, B. C. (2020). How to use SPSS: A step-by-step guide to analysis and interpretation. New York, NY.Neuhäuser, M. (2012). Nonparametric statistical tests: A computational approach. CRC Press. Watts, R. D., Bowles, D. C., Fisher, C., & Li, I. W. (2021). The growth of Australian public health graduates and courses, 2001?2018: Implications for education and employment opportunities. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 45(2), 95–100. Zhao, W., Weyer, E., & Yin, G. (2021). A general framework for Nonparametric identification of nonlinear stochastic systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 66(6), 2449-2464. 

AbstractThis paper sought to establish the relationship between teamwork\\\'s productivity, job knowledge, the necessary resources to accomplish the task successfully, sick days, and equitable treatment. It highlights how an enterprise\\\'s organizational culture is frequently viewed as a requirement for teamwork inside the firm. This is characterized as the shared values, viewpoints, or opinions of workers within the organization. The report also includes descriptive data and numerous regression analyses that were conducted to provide a summary of teamwork levels and productivity. According to Meier et al. (2015), multiple regression is a statistical technique designed to integrate numerous independent variables. Using descriptive data analysis techniques, SPSS was used to analyze the acquired data and display frequency bar charts, scatter plots, and tables. The outcome will have demonstrated a substantial association between employee productivity and levels of teamwork, job knowledge, judgment, fair treatment, and sick days. Additionally, a Pearson correlation revealed that there…...

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ReferencesAmha, G. G.., & Brhane, F. (2020). Determinant of employee performance in public organization: the case of dessie city municipality office. International Journal of Marketing & Human Resource Research. (1) 1. /71-Article%20Text-234-1-10- 20201014.pdf Choi, H.-d., & Oh, D.-h. (2020). The importance of research teams with diverse backgrounds: Research collaboration in the Journal of Productivity Analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 53(1), 5-19.   Cronk, B. C. (2020). How to use IBM SPSS® statistics: A step-by-step guide to analysis and Interpretation. Routledge. Körner, M., Wirtz, M. A., Bengel, J., & Göritz, A. S. (2015). Relationship of organizational culture, teamwork and job satisfaction in interprofessional teams. BMC Health Services Research, 15, 243.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0888-y  Meier, K. J., Brudney, J. L., & Bohte, J. (2015). Applied statistics for public and nonprofit administration. Cengage Learning.Sauermann, J. (2016). Performance measures and worker productivity. IZA World of Labor. 260.10.15185/izawol.260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11123-019-00567-4 

Based on the method the researcher use to conduct analysis, the data analysis presented is appropriate because the researcher use combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods in the data analysis.

Interpretation of esults

The interpretation of results is critical in the research studies. Based on the objective of the study, the researchers have been able to draw a significant correlation between research results and research aim and objectives. esearchers emerge the total combination of 2,991 themes to evaluate the opinion of students towards their tutors. The findings are presented in meta-theme and four meta-themes as being revealed in table 2.

Table 2: Findings in Meta-theme and four Meta-Themes combined

Theme

Endorsement ate (%)

Advocate

14.44%

Communicator

13.79%

esponsible

12.86%

Empowering

11.76%

Four Meta-themes Combine

Advocate

81%

Communicator

43.7%

esponsible

41.1%

Empowering

59.6%

Based on the effectiveness of TEF as a strategy to evaluate students perception on their tutors, the researchers used nine themes that students used to evaluate their tutors, and the top five themes were professional, connector, director, transmitter and responsive.…...

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References

Chow, M.Y.K. Quine, S. & Li, M. (2010).Bene-ts of using a quantitative with qualitative mixed methods approach- -to identify client satisfaction and unmet needs in an HIV healthcare centre. AIDS Care. 22 (4): 491-498.

Fisher, W.P. & Stenner, A.J. (2011). Integrating qualitative and quantitative research approaches via the phenomenological method. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches.5(1): 89 -- 103.

Onwuegbuzie, A.J. Witcher, A.E. Collins, K.M.T. et al. (2007). Perception of Students Characteristics of Effective College Teachers: A Validity Study of a Teaching Evaluation Form Using a Mixed-Methods Analysis. American Educational Research Journal, 44(1): 113 -- 160.

University of South Alabama (2011): Mixed Research: Mixed Method and Mixed Model Research. USA.

The study of trends is common ground for both technical analysis and fundamental analysis. While technical analysis looks trends in price and volume fundamental analysis focuses on economic and corporate growth trends and the forecast of performance using the trends of relevant factors. The basis of any long-term trend in price and volume for all securities and stocks is rooted in fundamentals. Technical analysis grows on looking at changing supply and demand trends. When studying trends it would be useful to determine significance of the changes in the underlying perceptions of value that are a consequence of fundamentals and prediction of performance in the future.
A balanced knowledge of these two disciplines can give a very good basis for one to have a successful experience in trading. Just as in the case of technical analysis there are several fundamental tools that can be utilized to provide early warnings of trend…...

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References

Acheli, Steven B. Technical Analysis from a to Z. 2004. Retrieved at   on 23 November 2004.http://www.equis.com/Education/TAAZ/?page=9Accessed 

Analyzing Company Reports: Fundamental vs. Technical Analysis. Retrieved at   Accessed on 23 November 2004.http://www.ameritrade.com/educationv2/fhtml/learning/fundvstech.fhtml .

Fundamental analysis. Retrieved at   Accessed on 23 November 2004.http://www.advfn.com/money-words_term_2122_fundamental_analysis.html .

Fundamental Analysis. Retrieved at Accessed on 23 November 2004.http://www.mgforex.com/eng/analysis/content/fund.asp.

32, and Pepsi's ratio is .29. These are close, but suggest that Pepsi is actually able to generate more revenue for every dollar of property and equipment it owns.
This makes sense given the operational differences at these companies; as noted above, Coca Cola does not actually own or operate all of the production elements for its products, thus it makes sense that is has much lower property values than its rival Pepsi, which is more fully integrated (Coca Cola, 2012; Pepsi, 2012). This also suggests, however, that Pepsi's revenue generation and overall value is more tied to its physical properties, plants, and equipment than is Coca Cola, meaning expansion could ne more costly for the company (Palepu, 2007). In this way, productivity might not transfer into long-term efficiency and profitability, which is something both investors and competitors should consider.

Marketing Productivity

If determining human resource and plant/equipment productivity was difficult, determining marketing…...

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References

Coca Cola. (2012). 2011 Annual Report. Accessed 1 April 2012.  http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/investors/pdfs/form_10K_2011.pdf 

Fitz-enz, J. & Davison, B. (2002). How to Measure Human Resource Management. New York: McGraw Hill.

Palepu, K., Healy, P., Bernard, V. & Peek, E. (2007). Business Analysis and Valuation. Mason, OH: Cengage.

Pepsi. (2012). 2011 Annual Report. Accessed 1 April 2012.  http://www.pepsico.com/annual11/downloads/PEP_AR11_2011_Annual_Report.pdf

Another significant similarity between frame and discourse analyses is that they both generally use qualitative methods of data reduction and presentation. This is in comparison to quantitative analysis, which is more objective and generally presents group rather than individual data. This can make it difficult to apply what it learned to a broader group of people, because they are looking at specific information for different people. This does not mean it is impossible. In both frame and discourse analysis, researchers often take a two-step approach. The first step is to help define the theory, and the second step is to examine text in order to code it and see how it applies.

In addition, both discourse and frame analyses are actually well-suited to study through focus groups and other types of group research. Social movement research can be helped by the use of focus groups because the groups, like the underlying…...

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References

Johnston, H. Verfication and proof in frame and discourse analysis. P. 62-89.

Technical Analysis in the Implication of Efficient Market Hypothesis on Silver Market
The thesis is for the study of simple commonly used technical trading rules, which are applied on silver market. It covers years 1989 to 2005. A famous study carried out by Lakonishok, Lebaon and in year, 1992 has clearly shown that technical analysis can lead to abnormal prices when compared with buy-and-hold strategy. Other studies have been carried out and found out that technical trading rules cannot over-rule passive investment management strategy. The study uses Brock et al.'s methodology. Several trading rules are discussed (Dawson & Steeley 2003).

LITEATUE IVIEW

In financial theory, efficiency of financial silver market is highly disputed. This has led to many attempts to explain efficiency of silver markets. Eugene.F. Fama formulated the most famous definition in 1970 referred to as the, Efficient Silver market Hypothesis (EHM). The basis of the hypothesis is that a security price…...

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References

Alexander, S.S. (1964) 'Price Movements in Speculative Markets: Trends or Random Walks'. Industrial management Review 5 (2), 25-46

Brock, W., Lakonishok, J., & LeBaron, B. (1992) 'Simple Technical Trading Rules and the Stochastic Properties of Stock Returns'. Journal of finance 4, (5), 1731-1764

Chang, P.H., & Osler, C.L. (1999) 'Methodical Madness: Technical Analysis and the Irrationality of Exchange Rate Forecasts'. Economic Journal 109 (458), 636-661

Dawson, E.R., & Steeley, J. (2003) 'On the Existence of Visual Technical Patterns in the Uk Stock Market'. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 30 (1-2), 263-293

DNP POJECT : DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSISImplementation Plan/ProceduresPhase 1: Program Development (Months 1-3) Conduct comprehensive literature review on evidence-based practices for culturally tailored hypertension self-management Collaborate with community stakeholders and minority health organizations to understand sociocultural determinants and barriers Design culturally relevant, linguistically appropriate education curriculum with interactive multimedia resources ecruit and train a diverse team of bilingual, culturally competent nurses and community health workersPhase 2: Participant ecruitment (Month 4) Establish partnerships with community organizations, faith-based institutions, and healthcare providers serving minorities Conduct informational sessions to raise awareness about the program Screen and enroll 300-400 minority adults with hypertension residing in Tulsa Obtain informed consent and administer baseline assessments (blood pressure, SF-36 survey)Phase 3: Program Implementation (Months 5-7) Week 1: Introduction to hypertension and importance of self-management Weeks 2-3: Skills training (BP monitoring, medication adherence, dietary education, cooking demos) Week 4: Physical activity promotion and goal-setting Week 5: Mid-program BP…...

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ReferencesEsubalew, H., Belachew, A., Seid, Y., Wondmagegn, H., Temesgen, K., & Ayele, T. (2024). Health-Related Quality of Life Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) in Central Ethiopia: A Multicenter Study. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 17, 1039–1049.HIPAA Retention Requirements. (2024). The HIPAA Journal. Retrieved from hipaajournal.com/hipaa-retention-requirements/.Koh, E. T., Leong, K. P., Tsou, I. Y. Y., Lim, V. H., Pong, L. Y., Chong, S. Y., & Seow, A. (2016). The reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of the Chinese version of SF-36 in oriental patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 45(8), 1023–1028.Neuman, W. L. (2018). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative. Pearson.Peek, M. K., Ray, L., & Patel, K. (2014). Reliability and Validity of the SF-36 Among Older Mexican Americans. Gerontologist, 44(3), 418.Wu, Q., Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Zhang, X., Huang, Y., & Liu, R. (2023). Reliability, validity, and sensitivity of short-form 36 health survey (SF-36) in patients with sick sinus syndrome. Medicine, 102(24), e33979.https://www.

esponses may be 'coded' so that some numerical data can be amassed but overall, the most important part of the research is the lived 'experience' that is recorded. In contrast, with quantitative research, it is the data that is more significant. However, quantitative studies can provide the springboard for qualitative studies, as they point out phenomena in the general population that needs to be studied in more 'micro-level' detail. Similarly, qualitative studies can act as early fact-finding expeditions that provide the basis for quantitative analysis, to see if the study of the smaller population is reflective of a larger phenomenon. Neither one type of research needs to come before the other.
A good example of a comparison of qualitative and quantitative research from translation studies can be found in the field of "research in second language learning that identifies learners' problems in composition and attempts to explain them by referring…...

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References

Connor, Ulla. (1996). Contrastive rhetoric: Cross-cultural aspects of second-language writing.

Cambridge University Press. ERIC Database. Retrieved:  http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED401754&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED401754 

Lund, Thorleif. The qualitative -- quantitative distinction: Some comments. Scandinavian Journal

of Educational Research, 49 (2): 115 -- 132

price analysis is one of the most important tools used when making a pricing decision. asically, you need to be able to evaluate the costs, fixed or variable, that your company has and examine how the prices you fix for your goods will affect the overall profits of the company. When making a pricing decision, you need to evaluate whether having lower prices and higher volumes of sales (theoretically, when you lower the prices, you would expect the volume of sales to increase) will give out a revenue value enough to cover the costs the company has.
There are three main types of tools that a CVP analysis uses: breakeven analysis, contribution margin analysis and operating leverage. The former allows the company's management to evaluate "the sales volume you need to break even, under different price or cost scenarios"

and may be considered the most important element in a pricing decision.

It…...

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Bibliography

1. Managerial Accounting. Class Notes and Lecture Outline. On the Internet at http://fisher.faculty.jsc.vsc.edu/manacct/wk09_manacct.html

2. Cost/Volume/Price Analysis. Business Owner's Toolkit. On the Internet at http://www.toolkit.cch.com/text/P06_7500.asp

Cost/Volume/Price Analysis. Business Owner's Toolkit. On the Internet at http://www.toolkit.cch.com/text/P06_7500.asp

Managerial Accounting. Class Notes and Lecture Outline. On the Internet at http://fisher.faculty.jsc.vsc.edu/manacct/wk09_manacct.html

Sure! Here is a sample research proposal and outline for a college paper on educational reform:

Research Proposal: Exploring the Impact of Educational Reform on Student Achievement and Equity

I. Introduction
A. Background of the study
1. Briefly discuss the current state of the education system
2. Highlight the need for educational reform
B. Problem statement
1. Identify the key problems within the system that require reform
2. Discuss the negative consequences of these problems on student achievement and equity
C. Research question
- How does educational reform impact student achievement and promote equity in the education system?
D. Objectives
1. Investigate....

Sure! Here is a proposed research design for studying the influence of extracurricular activities on students' personal development and school engagement:

Title: The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Students' Personal Development and School Engagement

Introduction:
- Briefly explain the importance of extracurricular activities in students' lives and their potential impact on personal development and school engagement.
- State the research question: How do extracurricular activities influence students' personal development and school engagement?

Methodology:
1. Participants:
- Sample: A random sample of high school students from diverse socio-economic and academic backgrounds.
- Inclusion criteria: Students actively involved in at least one extracurricular activity.
- Sample size: 200 students (100 boys,....

Here is the explanation of the purpose of questionnaire interview and audio and video recording in research:

Questionnaire Interview:
- The purpose of questionnaire interviews in research is to gather data and information from participants in a structured and standardized manner.
- It helps researchers to collect large amounts of data from a large number of participants efficiently.
- It allows for quantitative analysis and statistical testing of research hypotheses.
- Questionnaire interviews help researchers to understand the opinions, attitudes, behaviors, and characteristics of individuals or groups.

Audio and Video Recording:
- The purpose of audio and video recording in research is....

Role of Interview Questionnaire in Research Instrumentation

An interview questionnaire is a structured set of questions designed to elicit specific information from research participants during an interview. In research instrumentation, interview questionnaires serve several critical functions:

Data Collection: Interview questionnaires provide a systematic and standardized approach to collecting qualitative data from participants. They ensure that all participants are asked the same questions, promoting consistency and comparability of responses.
Guided Interviewing: Questionnaires guide interviewers through the interview process, ensuring that they cover all relevant topics and do not deviate from the intended focus. This structured approach reduces interviewer bias and ensures consistency....